自然选择

Within the decades, several methods that test the hypothesis of neutrality have been developed.

在过去的数十年来，许多学者提出了不同的统计学方法，来检验中性进化理论和自然选择。

On Ray's first run of Tierra, random variation, death, and natural selection worked.

在雷的Tierra的首轮运行中，随机变异、死亡和自然选择都产生了效果。

Thischapter proposes that the model of undermost hierarchy were the emergence ofmolecular duplication.

本章提出，在分子水平上，只有出现了分子复制的模型，才是自然选择进化论的最低层次的实体模型。

Totally, these results indicated that tailing pile could be the new source for finding new heavy-metal-tolerant microorganisms. Two morphologically distinct types of colonies investigated in this study may include more than 4 undescribed bacterial species.

同时还初步发现几个有进化生态学意义的现象：(1)矿渣极强的重金属选择作用和环境隔离条件可能导致新物种在短期内形成；(2)自然选择可能在物种以上层次发挥作用；(3)不同环境因子对微生物生物量、抗性细菌比例、物种和遗传多样性等生物指征的作用不同；(4)不同的生物特征对环境因子修饰作用的敏感程度也不一样。

Genetic Algorithm is a global algorithm which uses natural law "survival of the fittest, extinction of the unfitness" and natural selection mechanism to guide and determinate search direction.

遗传算法是全局优化的搜索算法，它利用优胜劣汰的自然选择来指导和学习以确定搜索方向。

Although there have been theories akin to the rising flow that were outright vehicles for vitalism, a second force doesn't have to be any less scientific than the laws of probability or Darwin 's force of natural selection.

然而并非没有类似上升潮的理论，例如已经广泛传播的"生机论"。这第二种力量的观点，与概率律或者达尔文的自然选择说想比，并没有任何非科学之处。

In the letter, Wallace outlined his ideas of Natural Selection that were similar to his own.

在这封信里，华莱士概述了他的想法，是相似的，自然选择自己。

To show that there had been enough time for natural selection to work slowly, he again cited Principles of Geology and other observations based on sedimentation and erosion, including an estimate that erosion of The Weald had taken 300 million years.

为了表明有足够的时间让自然选择慢慢地进行，他再次引用《地质学原理》和其它基于沉积和侵蚀的观察资料，包括对威尔德原野侵蚀为三亿年的估计。

Once fitness is created, natural selection is peerless for winnowing out the duds.

一旦创立了适合度，自然选择去粗汰劣的势头就无可匹敌了。

This whole research constitutes two independent projects, that is "Estimating divergence times among subfamilies in Nymphalidae" and "Fine- and landscape-scale spatial genetic structure of cushion rockjasmine, Androsace tapete, across southern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau", which discussed respectively the application of molecular evolutionary analysis in two aspects of evolutionary biology.

分子进化分析就是利用分子数据来研究进化问题。地球上呈现的生物多样性则是突变和自然选择的产物，是生物进化的结果。生物进化的过程包含有两个面：基因的长期进化和遗传多样性，也就是通常意义上的大进化和小进化。该项目就是以两个不同的实验——即&蛱蝶科各亚科间分歧时间的估计&和&青藏高原垫状点地梅的空间遗传结构分析&——分别探讨了分子进化分析在大小进化两个方面的应用。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。