自然语言

Anaphora is common in our daily life, and it is one of the important ways to connect the whole discourse.

指代是自然语言的常见语言现象，也是语篇衔接的重要手段之一。

Anaphora resolution is a key step in Natural Language Processing and a kernel task in many language engineering applications.

指代消解处理是自然语言处理的关键环节，也是众多语言工程项目的核心任务。

With the increasing development of dealing with the discourses, anaphora resolution shows the unprecedented importance.

指代是自然语言中常见的语言现象，指代消解是文本信息处理中的一个重要任务。

Anaphora is a common phenomenon in the research on NLP, Anaphora resolution plays an important role in text information processing.

摘要］ 指代是自然语言中常见的语言现象，指代消解是文本信息处理中的一个重要任务。

This pair of contrary relations hold in communicating between the people and the computer, so it is a basie work of the teaching staff who work on the computer to search after the conversion of the binary system with the other numerical systems.

随着计算机的发展，人们发明了用接近于人类自然语言的计算机语言与计算机交流，但这种语言所使用的符号，计算机是不能直接识别和处理的，因此，必须要经过一定的转换。

Artificial intelligence; natural language processing; statistical language model; binary tree; prosodic phrase; Maximal Entropy Model

关键字］人工智能；自然语言处理；统计语言模型；二叉树；韵律短语；最大熵

Introducing of product characteristic vector realizes the transformation from the descripti...

产品特征向量的引入，实现了对产品特征的自然语言描述向数学语言描述的转化；捆绑在组件上的约束和产品特征向量相关，使约束表达直观、集中，降低了知识表达的难度，并给出成功应用案例。

Computational linguistics is the scientific study of language from a computational perspective.

计算语言学是一门以计算机为手段，通过建立语言现象的计算模型对自然语言进行研究和处理的学科。

Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in natural language. In the course of communication between human beings, the ambiguity problem is not a great trouble because of the help of human intelligence. Therefore, it's not a problem to human translation of natural language. But for the machine who contains little intelligence, the ambiguous sentences begins to appear in a large scale and be a fundamental obstacle to machine translation . Statistics shows that a MT system with a welldefined syntactic rules produces 2. 8 parsing trees per sentence when English 900 is processed, and the average lexical ambiguity is 2. 5. Even though the property that language distribution is comparatively uneven have been taken into consideration, the probability to generate a correct daily-used sentence is below 40%.

歧义是自然语言中一个非常普遍的现象，在人们使用语言的过程中，由于人的特殊智能机制的存在，歧义并没有对理解构成太多的问题，因而也就没有对语言的翻译构成实质性的问题，但是，在基本上不具备智能机制的机器面前，歧义现象开始大量表现并对机器翻译构成威胁，实际统计表明，一个良好定义的语法分析系统在分析英语900句时，平均句法歧义2.8次，平均词汇歧义2.5次，即使考虑到句法及译义出现的概率的不均匀性，如果不作任何消歧处理，译对常用句子的可能性将低于40%，因此，解决机器翻译的歧义问题已成为众矢之的。

Ockham took the supposition of mental language as the first factor of semantic analysis, and tried to supply the supposition rules of natural language for mental language.

奥卡姆把心灵语言的指代作为语义分析的首要对象，并试图把自然语言的指代规则应用于心灵语言。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。