自然的

When it comes to ecological practice , Confucianism claims to utilize natural materials abstemiously , Taoism affirms to obey the natural system completely while Buddhism proposes to protect the nature .

就具体的生态实践而言，儒家从"贵人贱物"的角度出发，主张有节制的利用自然，道家立足于"道法自然"的宗旨，要求完全无为的纯任自然，佛教则出于对彼岸世界的向往和对"业报轮回"的敬畏，主张积极的保护自然。

The conflict between man's aspirations and his environment is the central unifying force of Hardy's tragic novels.

哈代坚信人类是自然的一部分，是自然的守护者，且应总是和自然同存共进。

Then the article starting from the activity, which relates the person with exterior nature,namely the human society work practice, elaborates the nature which worked as the foundation of humanity labor,and the human could not leave it and are bringing it into line with the nature as the work essential factor of labor process; The realistic nature similarly also cannot leave human as persons work creation, and this is the question of two aspects.The thesis has analyzed the work and natural relations in the agricultural society and in modern industry society ,and obtains the conclusion that the different ecology values can form under the different production method. This article criticizes disassimilation work in the capitalist society not only causes the disassimilation relationship between the human, but also creats the disassimilation which human and nature related, and proposes the communism society not only is the society in which the contradictory exploitation between human and nature is solved, and the contradictory relation between human and nature is also solved.

的结论；其次从人与外部自然相联系起来的是活动，即人类社会劳动实践出发，论述了自然界作为人类劳动的基础，人类须臾离不开它，人是把自然界作为劳动的要素而纳入自己的劳动过程的；现实的自然界作为人的劳动创造同样也离不开人，这一个问题的两个方面，并分析了在农业社会中劳动与自然的关系和近现代工业社会中劳动与自然的关系，得出在不同的生产方式下会形成不同的生态价值观的结论，批判了资本主义社会的异化劳动不仅造成了人与人之间关系的异化，还造成了人与自然之间关系的异化，提出共产主义社会不仅是人与人之间对立矛盾的剥削与被剥削关系真正解决的社会，也是人与自然之间破坏与被破坏的矛盾关系真正解决的社会的论断。

Different schools of the western environmental ethics discuss the moral standing of nature and the moral relationship between humans and nature from different points of view, and the American environmental ethicist Holmes Rolston Ⅲ, as the founder of environmental ethics, claims that nature possesses intrinsic value and it is our moral duty to respect the intrinsic value of nature.

西方环境伦理思潮各流派在不同的层面上探究自然存在物的道德地位以及人与自然的道德关系问题，其中美国环境伦理学家霍尔姆斯·罗尔斯顿作为环境伦理学的奠基者，主张自然具有内在价值，尊重自然的内在价值是人的道德应该。

Different schools of the western environmental ethics discuss the moralstanding of nature and the moral relationship between humans and nature fromdifferent points of view, and the American environmental ethicist Holmes RolstonⅢ,as the founder of environmental ethics, claims that nature possesses intrinsic valueand it is our moral duty to respect the intrinsic value of nature.

西方环境伦理思潮各流派在不同的层面上探究自然存在物的道德地位以及人与自然的道德关系问题，其中美国环境伦理学家霍尔姆斯·罗尔斯顿作为环境伦理学的奠基者，主张自然具有内在价值，尊重自然的内在价值是人的道德应该。

Further analysis shows that the self-creativity of cosmos will he affirmed in this spiritual understanding to nature. It makes people admire nature heartfully, and build up aesthetic and ethic relationship between humanity and nature. As a result, it will be helpful to overcome the sense about using and conquering nature unlimitedly.

进一步的分析告诉我们，灵性地理解自然是对宇宙自我创生过程的肯定，它使人们对自然产生由衷的敬拜，在人与自然之间建立起审美的和伦理的精神性关系，克服对自然的无条件利用和征服心理。

Man can restrict his nature of self-love by his own social nature and multifold self and surpasses limits of society. Finally, man can realizes the perfection of human nature and the ends of Nature.

人能够通过其自身的社会性自然和具有多重性的自我来克制其自爱的自然，超越社会的局限，最终实现人的自然的完善和自然的目的。

Taoism holding brilliance and dignity of nature by poetic intuition firmly refuses the interference of human will into mysterious natural process and historical process, and calls for human to discard the chain of nonego, in harmony with the mysterious great beauty of universe in natural way and to appreciate the mysterious immense power of natural life.

它以诗的直观标举自然的光辉和尊严，断然拒绝以人的意志强行干涉神秘的自然进程和历史进程。它呼唤人抛弃外物所羁，以纯任自然的本真方式加入到宇宙大化之中和其神秘之大美中，彻悟自然生命之神秘的伟力。

Schmidt\'s understanding of Marx and Marxism emphasizes the social historical character of the concept of nature of Marx; And he argues that the philosophy of Marx aims at the criticism of "the second nature of nature" and the nonidentity of the subject and the object, because the biggest secret of the ideology lies in the identity, and in the philosophy the most core identity is the identity of the subject and the object, Schmidt reiterated ideology critique, which is the important subject of the Frankfurt school and even the entire West Marxism; He also elaborated the relation between Marx\'s natural view and the Marxian socialism theory.

他十分重视结合马克思的社会历史理论、经济理论来考察自然概念，充分强调马克思自然概念的社会历史特征；突出批判&第二自然&与坚持主客体非同一性问题，因为意识形态的最大秘密在于同一性，哲学上最核心的同一性就是主体与客体同一性，所以施密特重申了法兰克福学派乃至整个西方马克思主义的重要主题——意识形态批判；他阐述了马克思的自然观与马克思社会主义学说的关系，围绕人和自然的关系问题探讨了马克思和一切乌托邦的联系和区别。

Marks' thought reveals that people are the direct nature and also tells us the relation between people and nature ,the fact alienation labor tramples upon people and oppresses nature . The harmonious relation among people and that between people and the nature.

马克思的生态美学思想揭示了人是直接的自然存在物与自然的关系，异化劳动摧残人与对自然的压迫的关系，人与人之间的和谐与人与自然之间的和谐关系。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷