自然化的

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

Natural Dao method means that the humankind makes the Dao entity and the De entity interact and interfuse with each other with the awakened wisdom of humanity, that and it should attain to the state of natural operation.

道法自然的含义就是：人类以人性觉醒的智慧使道实体与德实体互动互化，其运化方式要达到自然运化的状态。

The essential feature of the Moral Society is natural operation, that is, the social mechanism operates naturally, without any factitious control or promotion. The intelligent effects and natural motions interact and interfuse, forming one unified entity, and neither can dominate or do without the other. Such social motion of natural development and transformation is what Laozi called "Dao follows nature" and "Order from inaction".

道德社会最根本的特征是自然运化，即社会机制是自然运动的，没有任何人为的控制和推动的作用，智能作用与自然运动互动互化，浑然一体，谁也不控制谁，谁也离不开谁，这种自然运化的社会运动就是老子说的"道法自然"和"无为而治"。

In recent years, Feng Kang has advanced a more natural and direct redu-ction, i. e. the reduction via Green's formula and Green's function.

近年来冯康又提出一种更自然而直接的归化，即从Green公式及Green函数出发将微分方程边值问题化为边界上的含有广义函数意义下发散积分有限部分的奇异积分方程，这种归化在各种边界归化中占有特殊地位，被称为正则边界归化，本文将这一理论应用于重调和椭圆边值问题，研究了其正则归化的性质，并通过利用Green函数、Fourier分析及复变函数论方法等不同途径求出了在上半平面、单位圆内部、单位圆外部三种区域的Poisson积分公式及正则积分方程，其离散化可用于实际计算。

According to the investigation, 30% decorative lighting have used the naturalizing modelling design, like the plum blossom wall lamp, the fish tail desk lamp, the peach shape lamp, the steed and so on each kind of micro-organism modelling lamp, uses each kind of lignin the artistic sculpture, is not inferior to the genuine handicraft.

据调查，30%的灯饰采用了自然化的造型设计，如梅花壁灯、鱼尾台灯、桃形灯、骏马等各种小动物造型灯、采用各种木质的艺术雕塑，丝毫不亚于真正的工艺品。

In light of this situation, I went to excavate and record it, and managed to release the 'denaturalized times scenery' with panoramic views through the window of art in order to find out the strengths of modern art.

鉴于此，我尝试去发现并记录下来，用全景式的方式，通过艺术的平台来公布这个所谓的非自然化的时代风景，希望能找出现代艺术的力量。

Social practice, knowledge accumulation and technological development have shaped the profile of the observer. As artists, Yin Zhaohui and Yin Zhaoyu propose to raise an observational system in the standardized and denaturalized public consciousness.

社会实践、知识积累、科技发明的混合塑造了一种观察者的身形，而尹朝辉、尹朝宇以艺术家的身分作为观察者，在现今已标准化且去自然化的群众知觉中，提出了一层新的观察者机制。

Thus by extension, or even from the Earth to the feminization of culture, the result, art history and cultural history of the people face, the beauty, as depicted in the "natural" and the original is a feminized, which is "sexy natural."

由此推而广之，甚至地球也从文化上给女性化了，结果，艺术史与文化史中人们所面对的、所歌颂的、所描绘的&自然&，原来是一个女性化的、因而是&性感的自然&。

Socializing and naturalizing are harmony, for social epistemic is natural one, toward naturalism is only way to get rid of epistemic plights.

这两个方面又是一致的，社会化的认知方式也是一种自然化的认知方式，走向自然主义是认识论摆脱困境的唯一出路。

Should you be reaching for the DEET-drenched brand your family has used for years? Or a "natural" one with a dash of organic citronella, lavender or tea-tree oil?

你是想要用家人已经使用了N多年的DEET呢，还是会选择一种带点香精、薰衣草或者茶味道的更&自然化&的驱蚊油呢？

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。