自治系统

By using a first integral particular solution of variational equations is obtained and an example is given.

给出相对论自治 Birkhoff系统的变分方程，研究它们的解，并利用第一积分得到变分方程的特

The algorithm is linear recursive and easy to realized by a recursive function in computer algebra systems.

在最后一章，我们研究了具有任意有理共振奇点的复自治多项式微分系统(即线性部分特征值比为n∶—m型奇点)的可标准化，可积性，线性化问题。

In Chapter 2, an autonomous perturbation of a class of planar Hamiltonian systems with homoclinic orbits is discussed.

第二章讨论了一类含有同宿轨的平面Hamilton系统的自治扰动。

This study describes the multi-facet systematic evolution of the said rural community from 1907 to 2007: from the perspective of ethnic culture, it has changed from a single ethnic cultural community of Yoghur(Ethnic Yugur\'s self-name) ethnic group into a multi-ethnic cultural community with Yoghur ethnic group as the dominating majority and embracing the ethnic groups of Han, Tibetan, Tu, Mongolian and Kazak; from the perspective of language, it has changed from a community where Yoghur and Tibetan languages dominated with the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language as the subordinate into one where the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language dominate with the Yoghur language as the subordinate; in the perspective of marriage and heirship system, from a parallel operation of two systems (patrilineal heirship for official marriages and matrilineal heirship system for matrimonial forms through the head-wearing ceremony) to monogamy and patrilineal heirship; in the perspective of means of living, from animal husbandry complemented with hand knitting and camel caravan transporting to agricultural farming complemented with animal husbandry and many others; in the perspective of social organization, from a traditional tribe to a modern country society; in the perspective of political system and social management, from the customs-authority management which combined the dominating headman hereditary system under the tribal union of an imperial dynasty and the subordinating elite influence, to the resource-interest management of party-government departmental system under the ethnic minority autonomy of a nation state; in the perspective of religious faith, from a coexistence of the Gelug Tibetan Buddhism and Shamanism and the devout ancestor worship to the currently prevalent ancestor worship with religions declining and faith weakening; in the perspective of education, from the local-knowledge-oriented education to an official-knowledge-oriented education, in which modern schooling has become the major educational organization instead of the former traditional temple education; the school has replaced the temple as the "knowledge-culture" communication center; at least in the minds of the local people the central role of family education during the children\'s cultural development has also been replaced by schooling.

本研究描述了1907～2007年间，这个乡村社区的多面向的系统变迁：从族群文化的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔为绝对主体的单一族群文化社区转变为一个以尧乎尔为主体的、有汉、藏、土、蒙古、哈萨克等组成的多元族群文化社区；从语言文字的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔语和藏文为主，以汉语方言和汉文为辅的社区转变为一个以汉语方言和汉文为主，以尧乎尔语为辅的社区；从婚姻与继嗣制度的角度而言，从一个双系并行(明媒正娶婚行父系继嗣制度，帐房戴头婚行母系继嗣制度)的社区转变为行一夫一妻制和父系继嗣制度的社区；从生计方式的角度看，从一个以畜牧业生产为主，以手工编织和驼队运输为辅的社区转变为一个以农业为主，以牧业为辅的、多种生计方式并存的社区；从社会组织的形态而言，从一个传统部落社会转变为一个现代乡村社会；从政治制度和社会控制的角度而言，从帝制王朝的部落联盟制下头目世袭制为主，户族精英为辅的习俗—权威型控制方式转变为一个民族-国家中民族区域自治制度下以党政科层制的资源—利益型控制方式；从宗教信仰的角度而言，从一个格鲁派藏传佛教和萨满教并存，祖先崇拜之风甚烈的社区转变为寺庙衰落、信仰淡化、惟祖先崇拜仍广为流行的社区；从教育的角度而言，从一个以地方知识教育为主的社区转变为一个以官方知识教育为主的社区，现代学校教育取代了传统寺庙教育成为社区的主要教育组织形式，学校取代寺庙成为"知识—文化"传播的中心，在青少年儿童的文化成长过程中，家庭教养扮演的中心角色，至少在乡民的观念上被学校教育替代。

The original universities were founded on a principle of collegial self-governance, a very incipiently democratic system of control by tenured scholars.

最早的大学由终身职的学者运作「同僚自治」，是原始的民主控制系统。

This paper investigated the adaptive impulsive synchronization for a class of non-autonomous chaotic systems with unknown Lipschitz constant.

研究了一类具有未知Lipschitz常数的非自治混沌系统的自适应脉冲同步问题。

Due to the independent attribute of each application, users have to logon and logoff for visiting other applications.

但由于各应用系统的自治性，用户在访问不同的应用时，往往要进行频繁的登录操作。

The main characteristics of thenew generation of network computing are large-scale, decentralized control, dynamic,and autonomous. Since publish/subscribe systems have the advantages of loosecoupling, anonymity, many-to-many communication and scalability, they have becomeimportant infrastructure middleware platforms support for the new generation ofnetwork computing.

新一代网络计算是以大规模、分散控制、动态性、自治性和松耦合为主要特征的分布式计算，而发布／订阅系统具有松耦合、匿名、多对多通信和可扩展的特点，已成为支持新一代网络计算的重要基础中间件平台。

With the development of computer and Internet,especially the Internet used widely ,the distributing and municipalism of Enterprise Information System becomes more and more prominence.

随着计算机与网络技术的迅速发展，特别是Internet应用日益普及的情况下，现代企业信息系统的分布性、异构性和自治性的特征越来越显著，相应的企业信息资源也分布在异构的计算机环境中，信息源之间的连接表现出松散耦合的特点。

In the next two sections, the new system of neighborhood governance, the shequ Residence Committees, is described. The authors argue that this new infrastructure of local governance affords a unique opportunity for a new approach to solving the critical urban problems of ecological sustainability, social inclusion, and quality of life at the neighborhood level.

接下来的两部分对邻里治理的新系统，即社区居民委员会进行了评述，作者认为这种新的地方自治基础设施对于解决上述生态可持续性、社会融合以及邻里尺度上的生活质量等问题提供了一种独特的机会。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。