自治

However, in China, its implementation depends on the systematic space supplied by administrational decentralization.

但中国的村民自治具有国家赋权的特点，民主自治的立法精神能否落实取决于行政放权所提供的体制空间。

Perhaps the most uplifting moment for scottish autonomy is the one experienced inside this ancient abbey of arbroath, where in 1320;the declaration of independence was celebrated,at the instigation of king robert the bruce.he carried out the plan for autonomy drawn up by the great popular hero william wallace,to whom cinema has dedicated the wonderful film"braveheart",the winner of five oscars.

苏格兰争取自治的过程中最大快人心的时刻莫过于1320年在古老的阿布罗斯修道院，罗伯特·布鲁斯国王鼓动百姓大肆庆贺独立宣言签订。布鲁斯采纳传奇英雄威廉·华莱士所献的计策，完成了自治大业。威廉·华莱士的故事后来被改编成精彩的电影《勇敢的心》，该片曾获五项奥斯卡奖。

Above method can be applied to both autonomous system and nonautonomous system.

该方法既适于自治系统又适于非自治系统。

The positive law of society, which is with us the municipal law of England, directs it to vest in such person as the last proprietor shall by will, attended with certain requisites, appoint; and, in defect of such appointment, to go to some particular person, who, from the result of certain local constitutions, appears to be the heir at law.

社会的肯定性法律，与我们相伴的英格兰的自治法律，指示应当授予最近所有者的意志所确定的人，加之以确定的必要条件，进行指定；在这样的指定所产生的缺陷中，根据确定的自治原则所确定的某些个人，将成为法律上的继承人。

There are many problems in the relationship bewteen town government and village committee after the cancellation of the agricultural tax, including that the liceity of town governments facing challenges because the absence of the supply of rural public goods; the "attach-up" of town governments leading to disjunction between town governments and village committee; the bureaucratization of town governments intensifying their confrontation with the village committees; the disjunction and confrontation leading the excessive autonomy of villages; the failure of the system of "one case one meeting" strengthening the tendency of town subordination of villages.

取消农业税后我国的乡村关系中存在着诸多问题：行政村公共产品供给缺位，乡镇政府面临着合法性挑战；乡镇政府的"上附性"会导致其与行政村的脱节；乡镇政府的官僚化会加剧其与行政村的对立；乡村之间的脱节与对立会导致行政村的过度自治化；"一事一议"制度失效会强化行政村的乡镇附属化倾向。在这里需要说明的是，行政村的过度自治化和乡镇附属化倾向在农业税改革之前就存在着，但农业税改革之后这些情况虽然存在，但却是由不同的原因引起的。

It came into being and exists in a special social background but is vulnerable to the special external environment. China grass-root democracy began from villagers self-governance system at the end of 80s and the beginning of 90s last century, during the practice of extending the mindset and awareness of democracy, villagers built up their self-governance system which main content were democratic co-optation, democratic decision-making, democratic management, democratic supervision, it forms the characteristic deputy democracy and grass-roots direct democracy combinatory democracy political structure.

中国基层民主始于上世纪80年代末90年代初的村民自治，广大农民在推进农村基层民主的实践中，逐步形成了以民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督为主要内容的村民自治体系，构成了我国独具特色的代议制民主与基层直接民主相结合的民主政治格局。

However in its process, some setbacks come along, such us: the deviation of the relationship between township governments and village commissions, corruptions in self-administration because of some leaders" selfishness as well as evil force and classmen"s strength. All the above leads to the problems.

然而，在当前我国村民自治的实际运行中，乡镇政府与村民委员会之间发生的关系偏离；村党支部与村民委员会之间发生的矛盾纠葛；由于一些地方的黑恶势力侵蚀和宗族势力冲击，使村民自治本身发生蜕变，这些成为阻碍村民自治健康发展的几个主要问题。

The bourgeoisie constitutionalists strengthened the wide conpection with local gentrymerchants on the base of provincial assemblies, exposing and criticizing the ezils of the officially managed L.

就其组织形式而言，具有以下特点：1、自治范围较为宽泛，已有近代意义的地方自治色彩；2、地方自治职员的产生，具有民主选举的意义；3、各级地方自治机关具有某种相对独立的立法权和行政监督权；4。

Village autonomy is a de jure component of the United States' local autonomy institution.

乡村自治作为美国地方自治制度的当然组成部分，却一直缺少联邦和州层面的专门法，这与其高度的地方自治形成了鲜明的反差。

Village autonomy is a de jure component of the United States' local autonomy institution.

黄辉乡村自治作为美国地方自治制度的当然组成部分，却一直缺少联邦和州层面的专门法，这与其高度的地方自治形成了鲜明的反差。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。