自学者

Although the abettor being regarded as a kind of special complicity has some rationality, it is difficult to justify oneself in many aspects.

内容摘要：近代刑法学中，各国学者一般将教唆犯置于共同犯罪中进行研究，虽然把教唆犯罪作为一种特殊的共同犯罪具有一定的合理性，但是在很多方面难以自圆其。

Since we carried the Reform and Opening-up policy into execution, not only our country's economic strength become stronger and stronger, but also the disparity of our country's economic level amony different areas become more and more arrestingly.

我国经济自改革开放以来，取得了长足的发展，不但经济总量有了很大的提高，人们的生活水平也大大地改善了，但是，地区之间的差异也在逐渐的拉大，这不仅为政策制定者所注意，也引起了经济界学者的广泛关注。

G. , operator description, L〓 stability and asymptotic stability, and periodic invariance of system, is described, asynchronous learning control is also divided into time-domain methods and frequency-domain ones, and corresponding formulations are strictly derived.

本文其次研究了主要由日本学者提出与发展的迭代与重复自学习控制，并在此基础上，提出了统一的异步自学习控制理论。

Based on a lot of empirical analysis, the author summerizes that the historical premises of mergers in the United States include of the development of modern-enterprise、the technical innovation、the expansile demand and the development of capital market, surveys the developments and characters of mergers in the United States. From Marx's capital concentration theory to the arguments between structure school and conduct school, from the theories of economists at the present age abroad to the achievements of the learned men in China. the author surveys the theorical developments of merger. Making a clear definition of the concept and premises of self-organizational merger on the hypothesis that enterprise is a kind of self-organization, futhermore, the author constructs the theoretical frame of self-organizational merger.

主要内容有：在对大量实证材料分析的基础上，归纳出美国企业兼并的历史前提是现代企业形成与发展、技术上的创新、市场需求的扩大和资本市场的发展，阐释了美国企业兼并的历程与特点；从马克思的资本集中理论，到结构主义与行为主义的争论与分歧，从当代经济学家们的若干理论，到中国学者对企业兼并的认识，跟踪考察了企业兼并理论的起源与发展；从企业是自组织系统的假设出发，界定了企业自组织兼并的内涵，提出了企业自组织兼并存在的条件体系，构建了市场结构、企业自组织兼并行为、产业绩效、政府调控的企业自组织兼并理论的SCPG分析框架，分析了企业自组织兼并理论的贡献。

This study and relevant works are the second year of a five-year on-the-job training program (from January 1, 2002 through November 15, 2006),Major outcomes coming from this project include:(1) Collection and review to the experiences of domestic traffic engineering training programs in the past.(2) The planning of training course schedule, and the collection and presentation of modern traffic engineering technologies (i.e. use a World-wide Web established last year and its website: www.trafficwin.com).(3) To perform surveys to those traffic engineering officials, professors teaching at colleges and universities, chiefs at well-known traffic consultants companies so as to realize who will fit to be our courses' lectuers and establish a lectuers database in the traffic-engineering field.(4) Based on the responses of trainees and trainers, lots of teaching and learning conditions, reviews, and suggestions have been gathered for further reviewing.(5)For the long-term development, the website "Traffic Engineering and management" had replan by used the NUKE website program and phpBB forum program, and accomplishing the correcting.(6)An analysis of the establishment of national traffic engineering training education framework combined with a professional transportation knowledge bank have been done and presented to the Ministry of Transportation and Communication for further consideration and even implementation.

本计画承续自九十一年度起一项为期五年（自民国91年1月1日至民国95年11月15日），由交通部运输研究所办理的委办研究计画「交通工程人才培训计画」，今年为第二期的计画工作期，主要办理完成的工作项目包含：（1）收集、回顾与检讨过去相关之培训课程办理经验；（2）本期培训课程之规划与办理方式，以及交工科技新知之搜集与呈现（延续去年方式采网站资讯公布，网址为：www.trafficwin.com）等项目；（3）针对各县市交通局交通工程管理人员、各大专院校教授交通工程相关课程之教授以及国内知名交通顾问公司主管人员发放「课程讲师人选调查」问卷，详细收集各课程适任之讲师人选，建立一交通工程领域之讲师资料库；（4）依据参与培训课程学员之反应及规划团队之深入分析，整理归纳出本期培训课程之办理情形、相关检讨及心得建议；（5）为「交通工程与管理」网站之长期发展，将网站的架构与程式重新应用nuke网站程式与phpBB论坛程式规划，并改版完成；（6）针对未来培训课程之办理方式、课程内容及教学架构，由参训学员及专家学者直接提供改善之意见，以做为后续计画办理之重要参考与依据。

In sum, the archives were set up by the cooperative efforts of all the scholars and our librarians. With the ultimate goal of devising our new "Knowledge Service" Database in mind, we decided to go back and add to the old archives as well as starting new scholars' archives in 2006. If readers could offer us lists of recent outcomes, summaries of symposiums and conferences, reviews of Dunhuang studies, and collations of Dunhuang manuscripts, that will be a great help.

经过长期的研究、讨论和设计开发新的&知识服务&型数据库，中心决定自2006年起，重新回溯采集学者信息，因此也热切期待国内外学者或学生能够提供1997年至今的研究成果目录、敦煌写本的最新释文，或各种会议信息、会议纪要、研究综述等信息，以共同将中心建成权威而便利的敦煌学资料中心。

OER are digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students and self-learners to use and re-use for teaching, learning and research.

OER 是自由地公开地提供给教育工作者、学生和自学者使用或者重新使用于教学、学习和研究的各种数字化资料。

Since the 14th century, Byzantine scholars migrated to the west in succession because of the pressure of the Ottoman Turkish army's powerful offensive. When the Byzantine Empire faced the crisis of surviving, in order to save the empire, more Byzantine scholars migrated to the West to seek help from Latin West which is of the same religion with them.

自14世纪开始，迫于奥斯曼土耳其军队的强大攻势，拜占廷学者陆续向西方迁徙，当拜占廷帝国面临生死存亡之时，为了向同宗的拉丁西方求援，挽救拜占廷帝国，更多的拜占廷学者移居西方。

At least the first of these must be revised, including not only proof-reading but substantive rethinking, and will be regraded; revisions of later essays are allowed but not required.

编辑所设置自学书院网站设有本课程的辅助教室，内容包括部份阅读文章的翻译本，中文文献连结，和自学者论坛。

With the features of being useful and practical, this teaching material can either be used after class by students themselves or in class with the help of overhead projector or computer system.

这一教学系统具有较强的针对性和实用性，并且不仅可供自学者阅读练习，而且易于进行面授课的投影仪教学和设置电脑教学系统。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐