自发的

According to the different orientations of domain walls with respect to the (100) observation plane of a foil, 90°domain boundaries may be divided into two kinds. one is thin lens or ring shaped a-a 90°domain boundary, and the domain wall lies on the {110} plane; Usually, most of these domain boundaries are uncharged; according to the extinction rules for the (011) domain walls, the displacement vector 〓 along 〓 can be dertermined, which is parallel to the line of intersection between the domain wall and the plane consisting of spontaneous polarization vectors on both sides of domain boundary; from selected area electon diffraction of crystals including domain boundary, we not only examine slight difference in the crystal parts on both sides of the domain boundary, but also obtain crystallographic relationship between them, that is, there exists a 180°rotation symmetry operator along a normal of domain wall. The other is Z or ring shaped a-c 90°domain boundary along {010} direction, and the displacement vector 〓 runs along 〓 direction.

根据界面相对于样品中(100)观测面取向的不同，90°畴可分为两类：一类为薄透镜片状或环状的a-a90°畴，其界面平行于{110}，多数不带电，由消光规律可确定其位移矢量平行于畴界面与自发极化所在平面的交迹，即，〓方向，而从包含畴界的选区电子衍射图可知，这种不带电的90°畴界两侧存在微小的取向差，其界面两侧的结晶学关系为以界面法线为二次轴的旋转关系；另一类为Z状或环状的a-c90°畴，其界面平行于[010]或[001]，相应的位移矢量为〓方向。

He disclaims for them the notion that the will of man was destitute of spontaneous activity, and speaks somewhat confusedly, for he is by no means a good reasoner, of 'a mixture' of the Divine and human elements, in which the human will, with its sequence of virtue or wickedness, is subject to the will of fate.

他不为他们的概念，意志的男子穷困的自发活动，并讲有点混乱，他绝不是一个很好的推理的'混合物'的神和人的要素，其中人的意志，其序列的美德或邪恶，是受意志的命运。

The paper is based on field work, the author classified the folk temple into 3 types: 1, the simple temples spontaneously built by root class: peasants, 2, the great temple which have symbolic meanings, 3, the temple as part of tour buildings which have some official backgrounds. In the following section, the author analysised the causes of the classification in theory, thereof, he discussed the function and value of folk religion.

本文在实地调查的基础上分析了民间寺庙的三种类型－一是较为自发和简易的"三间房"类型；二是带有象徵意味的较为雄壮气派的类型；三是带有旅游参观性质的具有一定官方背景的类型；并分析各种类型寺庙的建立原因，分别给予理论上的解释，由此进一步讨论了民间宗教的功能及其价值。

For my purpose is not to furnish mere matter of much talk, but to throw light upon the number of years from the foundation of the world, and to condemn the empty labour and trifling of these authors, because there have neither been twenty thousand times ten thousand years from the flood to the present time, as Plato said, affirming that there had been so many years; nor yet 15 times 10,375 years, as we have already mentioned Apollonius the Egyptian gave out; nor is the world uncreated, nor is there a spontaneous production of all things, as Pythagoras and the rest dreamed; but, being indeed created, it is also governed by the providence of God, who made all things; and the whole course of time and the years are made plain to those who wish to obey the truth.

我的目的不是为了提供单纯的事多谈，但以投掷轻后数年内，从基础的世界，并谴责空洞的劳动和琐碎的这些作者，因为那里既没有得到20000倍， 10 1000年，从洪水到现在的时间，正如柏拉图说，肯定有过了这么多年，也尚未15倍10375年，正如我们已经提到apollonius埃及了，也不是世界uncreated ，也不是有自发生产的所有事情，因为毕达哥拉斯和其余梦想，但目前确实造成了，它也是由普罗维登斯的上帝，谁做好了各种东西，以及整个过程中的时间及年资，都是平原那些要服从真理。

Bothstand design, created five years, the initial form it is in school Industrial Arts Institute to design a youth group spontaneous studios, Practice has studied design knowledge in terms of return for lending city's overjoyed up to today's two-up design has never changed is insisting on creative and continue to serve, There is adhering to understand design schools to design a youth every one of the hidden potential of the need to motivate design platform BOTHSTAND design for the design of many of the requirements of the professional practice Enterprises, units and the design of institutions are given the ability to respond.

双立设计，创立5年，最初的形态实是在校工艺美术学院一群设计青年的自发工作室，实践所学设计知识而不计回报，为妆点城市黛眉之笔而欣喜，走到今天的双立设计从未改变的是坚持创意，坚持服务，还有就是坚持理解设计院校每一个设计青年暗藏的设计潜力需要激发的平台，双立设计为诸多对设计提出实践要求的专业企业、单位及设计院校给与力所能力的回应。

The tryptophan residues play important roles in DNA photoreactivation catalyzed by CPD photolyases. We have investigated the action mechanism concerning Trp in DNA photoreactivation, and obtained the results as follows: 1 We proposed a mechanism of photosensitized splitting of CPDs by Trp and Trp-containing peptides. 2 Quantum yields of splitting of the model compounds that a Trp linked covalently a CPD were obtained under 290 nm light in various solvents, these values changing with solvent, range from 0.01 to 0.5. 3 Utilizing pulse radiolysis technique, splitting processes were observed in aqueous solution of the CPDs with hydrated electron and some oxidative species (such as hydroxyl radical, bromic radical and azide radical), and obtained their rate constants. In the case of interaction between CPD and hydrated electron, splitting of the CPD anion, and pyrimidine anion transfer an electron to FAD or Rf, were observed. The process rate was slower one order more than that in photolyase. Minor, but highly mutagenic UV-light-induced lesions are (6-4) photoproducts, which are repaired by (6-4) photolyases. These enzymes, discovered in 1993, are not well characterized and their mechanism is still under investigation.

我们研究它的作用机理，获得以下结果：1）建立了色氨酸及其肽对嘧啶二聚体光敏化裂解的直接修复作用机理模型；2）获得了色氨酸共价键连接于嘧啶二聚体的化合物在多种溶剂中290nm光辐照裂解的量子效率，其值随溶剂而变化，范围在0.01-0.5；3）运用脉冲辐解观察到嘧啶二聚体与水合电子和一些氧化性的自由基作用裂解过程，得到相应速率常数；对二聚体与水合电子作用发生裂解以及向FAD返还电子的过程进行了体外模拟；4）（6-4）光解酶的作用机理中一个关键假定是氧杂环丁烷中间体在接受电子后能自发裂解，恢复二嘧啶的结构。

His ignorantism aims to abolish the rational basis for planned economy; his spontaneous order aims to negate the basis of order for the artificially planned economy, while establishing the legal status of the market economy; and his theory of freedom aims to lay the behavior basis for the market economy.

他的无知论，是为了破除计划经济的理性基础；他的自生自发秩序，是为了否定人为设计的计划经济的秩序基础，确立市场经济的合法性地位；他的自由理论，是为了奠定市场经济的行为基础。

It will be seen that preputial "adhesions" is an inapposite term to apply to the incompletely separated prepuce, suggesting as it does that the prepuce and glans were formerly separate structures. The age at which complete separation of the prepuce with full retractability spontaneously occurs is shown in Fig. 5, which has been constructed from observations of the prepuce in a series of 100 newborns and about 200 boys of varying ages up to 5 years.

它将被看见那 preputial &粘附&是使用的一个不适合的学期到不完全地被分开了的包皮，作为它建议包皮和龟头先前是分开的结构在其完成分离的年龄有完整的 retractability 的包皮自发地发生在图显示出。5，它被构造了从包皮在的观察一系列100新生儿并且关于200变化的年龄直到的男孩5年。

In the area of selective catalysis, they will soon publish the first examples of stereochemically thoroughly investigated Enantioselective Organo-Autocatalysis, a process that demonstrates conceptually new catalysis design strategy and also provides structurally well-defined small-molecule models that may help explain the origin and maintenance of homochirality fundamental to the functions of biological systems.

在相邻的选择性催化领域，他们即将发表设计发现的首例有机小分子催化的高立体选择性自复制过程（Enantioselective Organo-Autocatalysis），此类反应不仅避免了繁琐的催化剂和产物分离问题，更有意义的是充分利用了产物自身的催化功能，并为分子手性单一性这一生命体根本特征的起源和自发维持提供了第一个简洁的小分子模型系统。

Nearly impenetrable abalone shells, flexible and patchy butterfly wings, spider threads more rigid than steel, unwettable and self-cleaning lotus leaves, and the skin of dolphins are some examples of products of natural design prepared not by conscious manipulation but by spontaneous, self-organizing processes of nature—and still without comparable counterparts in any laboratory.

几乎坚不可摧的鲍鱼贝壳，灵活、片状的蝴蝶翅膀，比钢更硬的蜘蛛丝，具有防水和自我清洗功能荷叶，海豚的皮肤等都是一些天然设计的产品，它们的制造不是自觉的操纵，而是自然界通过自发、自行的过程来完成的，而至今任何实验室的产品也无法与其比拟。

Shop assistant: Please check at the door.

店员：请您到门口柜台交费。

In the end, transportation of PAHs in the environmental matrix was preliminarily investigated and discussed according to PAHs data of soils and sediments from a certain region in Shanghai. The result indicated that there are two or more pathways on PAHs transportation in the environmental matrix.

最后，对上海特定地区内PAHs在环境介质中的迁移径途进行了分析讨论，结果表明上海市土壤和沉积物等环境介质中PAHs的迁移存在多种途径。