自下而上

Hence we may disregard it, since it is at bottom simply another term for the universality of God's salvific will and of the distribution of grace among all men.

因此，我们可以不理它，因为它是自下而上的只是另一种的任期为普遍性的上帝的salvific意志和分配宽限期间所有男子。

The subjectivistic researches, which assert that the researches should be a kind of equal dialogue between researchers and the disabled people to obtain a consensus of understanding of the social problems and the disabled people's needs and thus its strategy is "bottom-up", which avoid those weakness.

主观主义方法论立场上的残疾人研究主张通过研究者和残疾人之间的平等对话，获得对残疾人社会问题和残疾人需要的&共识&，提出的对策方案更多的是&自下而上&的，能够弥补客观主义方法论立场上研究的不足。

Returning to the classical Marxism-Leninism literary theory, the system of literary social value has witnessed adjustment from top to bottom in the new period, resulting in so-called "aesthetic" ideology,"active" theory of reflection and "humanistic" care. At the same time, it has seen total improvement: approval of aesthetic freedom, return and confirmation of subjectness, appreciation and celebration of humanity and humanism, and the opening and evolution of Marxism-Leninism literary theory.

回归经典马列文论，新时期文学社会价值论体系进行了自上而下的调整：&审美的&意识形态，&能动的&反映论和&人性、人民性&关怀；同时在多种社会合力作用下，开始了自下而上的改新：&审美自由、主体性的回归与肯定&，&'人性'、'人文精神'的认同与高扬&，&'马列文论'由封闭走向开放、由独断走向融和&。

Secondly, modularization technique is used in the structure analysis of product. The modeling means using mainly top-down modeling and subsidiarily down-top modeling is applied, and controlling codes are programmed through applying API and VBA in SolidWorks. The product is detected by finite element technique. Finally, the rapid design system is developed for bend door of railway vehicles, and it has got an effective application in enterprises.

本系统在产品结构分析上采用模块化技术，在参数化建模中应用自上而下建模为主、自下而上建模为辅的建模手段，通过应用SolidWorks的API函数及VBA编制相应的控制程序，并通过有限元技术对设计的产品进行力学分析验证，完成了轨道车辆弯门产品的快速设计系统的开发。

Methods:keep supraspinous ligament,interspinous ligament ,thoracolumbar and the periosteum of lamina.The supraspinous ligament and interspinous ligament was cut off below affected spinal canal.The lamina was cut off longitudinally with a chisel along the outside of lamina,detach ligament flavum bilaterally,and reverse upward lamina and the compound structure of back to open spinal canal.

将部分腰背筋膜、棘上韧带、棘间韧带及椎板上骨膜保留，于病变节段下一椎间隙切断棘上棘间韧带，用骨刀（骨刀宽面与矢状面成角10~15度）在上下关节内侧2mm处自下而上并保持骨刀宽面进入椎板深度与椎板厚度相一致切断两侧椎板，牵开椎板及棘上棘间韧带，常规进行椎管减压，椎板及棘上棘间韧带回植。

The vertical sequence of the clastic seimites in Huimin sag is underlying unshocked layer, syn-sedimentary microfracture, micro-corrugated layer, pillow structure and partner structure layer, liquefied homogenization layer and overlying unshocked layer from down to up.

震积岩垂向序列自下而上为：A段为下伏未震层，B段为微同沉积断裂层，C段为微褶皱变形层，D段为枕状及伴生构造层，E段为液化均一层，F段为上覆未震层。

But, she says,"They're trying to solve a bottom up problem with top down tools."

她说，但是&他们试图用自上而下的专制工具来解决自下而上的开放问题。&

This essay, with the correlative theory's guidance, on the basis of analyzing some courses-arraying software, proposes a design method of commonly used courses arraying information system in college, and solves some of the certain problems.

本文介绍了在DELPHI环境下采用&自上而下地总体规划，自下而上地应用开发&的策略开发一个管理信息系统的过程。

The nuclear issue blazoned forth by the school of new social history of Britain is to stick to the conception of history "from bottom to up", has indicated the tropism and disquisitive practice of the whole social history directed by this kind of conception of history.

英国新社会史学派宣扬的核心是坚持&自下而上&史学观念，它彰显了由此观念指导下的整体社会史取向和研究实践。

Therefore the regime will be " bottom up ", simply codifying the pledges that countries are domestically willing to take, with no real role for international law.

于是，整个机制将变成&自下而上&的，只包括那些国家愿意在国内实施的承诺，国际法并没有发挥任何切实作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。