自下而上

A few limnetic hydrophytes pollen are counted for all zones, indicating a freshwater habitatsince 3.6 ka BP in this region.

整个剖面自下而上都有一定量的淡水水生植物出现，这反映了该剖面3 ka BP以来一直处于淡水沼泽的环境中。

I thought a bottom could be at hand based on my analysis of the Long Economic Wave of Kondratieff.

我觉得自下而上可手头上根据我的分析，长期的经济浪潮康德拉季耶夫。

The noble massivity of the arch can be best observed from underneath.

大桥宏大而高贵的桥拱最适合自下而上观望。

Rich bosses of willow flame in front of it, and from the base of these the brown meadow comes forward to the water's edge, the whole being relieved against the unyielding green of the coniferae, while thick sun-gold is poured over all.

这一片绚烂的桔红自下而上约有三十英尺，漫遍整个山谷，前部则是灼灼的柳焰，棕色的草地旁，草尽水现。背倚傲立的青松，身披熔金的日光，这一切显得更加醒目。

In the background of deepening financial reform in China, banks, security companies, insurance companies and other financial institutions have started to joint bilaterally or multilaterally, and launched a variety of complementary advantages and innovative cooperation, and developed a batch of the financial businesses with the cross profession characteristics in common to seek for greater development.

在我国金融改革日益深化的背景下，银行、证券公司、保险公司等金融机构为寻求更大的发展，他们之间纷纷展开自下而上的双边或多边联手，开展了多样化的优势互补和创新合作，共同开发了一批具有跨行业特性的金融业务——交叉性金融业务。

Some innovative results are listed below:1、According to the lithologic characters,lithofacies,genetic classification and the geomorphy,the Quaternary system is divided into piedmont-gully\'s and plain\'s. The piedmont-gully\'s Quaternary sediment,which is about 3～20 meters in thick,is in the western hills of the study area.The plain\'s Quaternary sediment is widely distributed in the study area,which is about 30～60meters thick and become thicker from southwest to northeast.2、The Quaternary sediments of plain can be divided into five sedimentary cycles.The Late Pleistocene series Quantan group,at the bottom of the Quaternary System,is constituted by a fluvial facies-river and lake facies sedimentary cycle. The Late Pleistocene series Jiashan group,at the middle of the Quaternary sediment, is constituted by two fluvial facies-neritic facies-river and lake facies sedimentary cycles.The Holocene series Binhai group,at the upper of the Quaternary sediment, is divided into three parts,the under layer and middle layer are constituted by two littoral facies-river and lake facies sedimentary cycles,the upper layer is constituted by paludal facies,which was deposited at the lower-lying land like West Lake, Jiangcun-Gu dang,Xianghu lake,and coastal-estuary facies in other area.3、Folding and fault activities were weak in Quaternary and the tectonic activity had little influence on the Quaternary sedimentation.The ancient landforms,the evolvement of the river system and transgression were the main elements which controlled the Quaternary sedimentation in Hangzhou.The ancient landforms formed the basis of the Quaternary sedimentation.The evolvement of the river system and transgression individually or jointly controlled the Quaternary sedimentation of this area.4、The alternation of the climate was the main reason for the evolvement of the river systems and transgression,and it\'s also the reason why the Quaternary system of Hangzhou has the special sedimentary structure which is called soft interbed with hard layers.

通过研究取得了以下成果：1、根据岩性、岩相、成因类型和地貌特点，将本区第四系划分为山麓沟谷区沉积和平原区沉积：山麓沟谷区第四系主要分布于西部丘陵地区，厚度较薄且变幅大，一般厚3～20m；平原区第四系广布分区，由南西向北东逐渐增厚，一般厚30～60m.2、平原区第四系自下而上大体由五个完整或不完整的沉积旋回构成：底部上更新统全塘组，由河流相—河湖相的沉积旋回构成；中部上更新统嘉善组，由河流相—浅海相—河湖相两个沉积旋回构成；上部全新统滨海组，其下中两段由滨海海湾相—河湖相的两个沉积旋回构成，上段由西湖、蒋村—古荡、湘湖等低洼处沉积的湖沼相和其他地区沉积的滨海河口相构成。3、第四纪以来，研究区内褶皱、断裂活动微弱，构造运动对第四系沉积的影响不大，古地形、古水系的发育、变迁和海侵是杭州市第四系沉积的主要控制因素：古地形构成了第四系沉积的基底，水系与海侵在其后的不同阶段或分别或联合的主导了区内的第四系沉积。4、水系的发育、变迁和海侵的共同原因是天气变化，正是由于第四纪以来"冷热交替"的天气特点形成了杭州市第四系"软硬互层"的特殊沉积结构。

Here I describe how to use the strategy Top to Bottom in integrated planning, Bottom to Top in application development to design a information company's order managing system, mainly analyze some system's basic functions and its composition, include the analysis of system, the structure of system, the partition of function module and so on, emphasizing the physical development of application procedure.

本文介绍了在VB.NET 环境下采用"自上而下地总体规划，自下而上地应用开发"的策略开发一个企业订单管理信息系统的过程，主要分析了企业订单管理系统的一些基本功能和组成情况，包括系统的需求分析、系统结构，功能模块划分以及数据库模式分析等，重点对应用程序的实际开发实现作了介绍。

The tri-strings suspension preheater system is composed of three strings cyclones,with gas flows from bottom to top paralleling and powder flows from top to down through each cyclone in a series.

三系列预热系统是将三列自下而上并行的气流与自上而下逐级串行的料流结合为一体的新型预热器系统，该构成方式能够显著提高预热器单体内的固气质量比。

Under the guidance of new theory,the models which encourage inner growth and develop from bottom to top with proper motion draw more attraction and affirmation.

在新的理论的指导下，以鼓励内生增长和自下而上自为发展的模式受到更多的关注和肯定，增强区域创新能力，推进知识的应用和分配成为政策关注的重大核心问题。

An active mold temperature control method was presented and applied in solidification by developing a measure and control system. The forming process was controlled by the active outer controllable temperature field, which was brought by the individual heating and cooling units distributed in the proportional spacing towards the solidification direction in the mold.

摘 要：提出一种主动式模具温控方法，并开发测控系统将其应用于凝固成形中，通过主动的外加可控温度场来控制零件成形过程，实现零件按自下而上的顺序凝固。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。