自上而下的

Now it's a huge bottom-up movement, he says.

现在，扑克成了一种自上而下的运动。

It is centrally controlled and top-down in nature.

它在本质上属于中央控制和自上而下的模式。

The system takes Field Programmable Gate Array as the key device. The CCD driving clock, clock control of data acquisition and video signal process were accomplished by the module design method from top to bottom.

整个系统采用现场可编程门阵列作为核心器件，通过自上而下的模块设计完成了CCD驱动时序、数据采集时序控制和视频信号简单处理。

Ased on the fact, the basin flood forecasting system above the Wanan Hydropower Complen of Ganjiang water system set up and improved the rainfall-runoff correlation, the ad-vent of freshet, the up-downstream water stage correlation and the Xinanjiang Medel etc.

赣江水系万安水电枢纽以上流域洪水预报系统从防汛实际出发，建立健全了降雨径流相关、洪水演进、上下游水位相关、新安江模型等，构成了全流域自上而下的一套实时联机预报系统，用于实时洪水预报和模拟防洪调度分析等作业任务效果良好

Secondly, carrying out from top to bottom.

第二步是自上而下的落实过程。

We wanted to get rid fo this top-down thing.

我们要去除这个自上而下的东西。

This paper has no intention to put forward the ubiquitous educational principles, but has the intention to look for the educational significance in the situation. Against the way so called "top to down" by which most of the educational study deduct the certain theory, this paper prefers to use the collaboration of the way of "top to down "and the way of "bottom to up", but the preferable way is "bottom to up": I go near the world of the teacher's life, listen to the voice of the teacher, I make an attempt to keep the teacher's real situation, motion, chance and feeling, I welcome to invite readers to give an ear to their stories and understand the teacher's personal practical theory, also, expect me to do tiny but deep-ground task for verbalism in the educational study by standing the position on the Chinese reality.

与当前教育研究中大量的从既有理论框架中推演出某种论点并加以论证的所谓"自上而下"的方式不同，本研究更倾向于采取"自下而上"与"自上而下"相结合并以前者为主的策略：走近教师的生活世界，倾听教师的声音，用叙事的方式尽可能保留实践中的情境、流动、机缘、感受，邀请读者一同倾听故事，并以此为基础展开对教师个人实践理论的理解，也期望通过立足中国现实土壤的研究为教育研究本土化做一点哪怕微不足道却是扎实的工作。

But they also healthily reworked the mechanics of game, taking into account the holeproject.

但是，他们还健全了自上而下的机械游戏，同时考虑到孔工程。

Instead of working bottom-up, we should be evangelizing top-down--making a direct effort to capture the CEO/CTO/CIO types.

而是工作自下而上，我们应该福音自上而下的-直接作出努力捕捉总裁/首席技术官/首席信息官类型。

Secondly, it summarizes development and gradual progress about operational risk measurement. Analyzes and compares two main categories at present: bottom-up and top-down, and Loss Distribution Approach of top-down and Income Model of bottom-up is studied deeply, then finds out the main challenges of operational risk measure methods. Thirdly, taking examples for Shanghai Pudong Development Bank and Shenzhen Development Bank, it demonstrates operational risk measurement of our banking using Basic Indicator Approach and Income Model of bottom-up. And by comparing its effects with analysis result of concrete loss incidents of operational risk, it is approved that to apply operational risk measurement to our banking is feasibility. Finally, the paper analyzes difficulties to measure operational risk, such as weak consciousness of measuring operational risk, short of effective modern measuring model, behindhand of loss data collection and lack of perfect inside management mechanism of measurement, and then gives some advices.

接着总结了操作风险度量方法的发展演进过程，对目前度量操作风险的两类主流方法&自下而上&法和&自上而下&法进行了详细的分析和比较，分别选取&自下而上&的损失分布法和&自上而下&的收入模型法展开深入研究，并剖析了操作风险度量方法面临的主要挑战；接着以&浦东发展银行&和&深圳发展银行&为例，选用&自上而下&的基本指标法和收入模型法进行了操作风险度量的实证分析，并将分析结果与使用具体损失事件的实际操作风险分析结果进行了比较，证实了操作风险度量方法应用于我国的可行性；最后文章对我国银行业度量操作风险中存在的现实困难进行了深入探讨，指出了我国存在操作风险度量认识障碍、缺乏适用的现代操作风险度量模型、损失数据收集工作滞后以及操作风险度量缺乏完善的内部管理机制保证四大方面的现实问题，并提出了对策建议。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。