膝反射的

Is a knee jerk not voluntary?

膝反射是不自主的吗？

Under the presupposition of no evident of muscle atrophy through maximal electrical twitch, quantitative electromyographical test of patellar reflex could discover the quadriceps AMI in patients with knee OA,which was known to be the inhibition of anterior horn motoneuron.

小结：在电刺激表明肌萎缩不明显的前提下，定量腱反射的肌电图检查显示膝OA的股四头肌有明显的AMI，此关节源性肌肉抑制为脊髓前角运动神经元的抑制。

It was achieved by intradural microanastomosis of the L6 ventral root to S2 ventral root. After axonal regeneration, the "patellar ligament-spinal cord center-bladder" reflex pathway was reestablished. The function of the reflex arc was observed by nerve electrophysiological experiment, detrusor electromyography experiment, urodynamic testing and HRP retrograde tracing before and in 8 months after the spinal cord was destroyed horizontally between S1 and S4 level. There was one case of conical SCI patient who had L1 fracture and paraplegia was received intradural microanastomosis of the L6 ventral root to S2 ventral root after Li fracture and paraplegia.

将Beagle犬L6前根近端与S2前根远端在硬膜内显微吻合，经一段时间的轴突再生后，建立&膝腱－脊髓中枢－膀胱&人工反射弧，术后8个月，在破坏S1~S4脊髓节段前后分别进行神经电生理、膀胱肌电图及尿流动力学和辣根过氧化物酶逆行示踪等检查；对1例L1压缩性骨折伴截瘫患者行右侧T11与52前根经腓肠神经移植硬膜内吻合术。

Salivation is insufficient, the patellar reflex intermittent.

唾液的分泌不充分，膝反射是间歇性的。

So they are doing all these different examinations on these people that are very specific to the function of organs, but they were not checking refluxes ═ they would not tape them on the knees to see the leg has a proper reflux reaction; they would not do the gynecological examinations for women, all these basic things you have in a normal physical, they are not given.

所以，他们对这些人进行许多特别针对器官功能的检查。但是他们却不查基本的反射功能，他们不会检测他们的膝跳反射，也不对妇女进行常规妇科检查等等，根本就不做这些通常的身体检查要进行的项目。

There are a multitude of reflex circuits in the central nervous system; a familiar one is the knee tendon reflex (straightening of the leg after tapping the knee with a hammer).

中枢神经系统有许多的反射回路，其中之一就是膝跳反射（用小锤轻击膝盖，腿会伸直），当用小锤轻敲肌腱的时候，大腿前大块肌肉的感受器感觉到肌肉的伸展。

Results No statistical differences of amplitudes and latencies of the maximal electrical twitch of femoral nerve were found between involved and uninvolved limbs,but the amplitudes of quantitative patella tendon reflex of involved limbs were statistically lower than those of uninvolved limbs.

结果：健侧与患侧相比，膝OA的股神经最大电刺激的肌电波幅与潜伏期无显著差别，但患侧定量髌腱反射肌电波幅却显著地低于健侧。

Result: The amplitudes of quantitative patellar tendon reflex and maximal volitional contraction of involved limbs were statistically lower than those of uninvolved ones. The decreasing extent of amplitude of quantitative patellar tendon reflex was statistically lower than that of maximal volitional contraction of quadriceps.

结果：患膝股四头肌的最大等长收缩和定量髌腱反射波幅均显著低于健侧，而髌腱反射肌电波幅的减低程度则显著地大于股四头肌最大等长收缩肌电波幅的减低程度。

Quantitative patella tendon reflex was tested electromyo-graphi cally and maximal volitional contraction of quadriceps were done on 22 unilateral knee of patients with osteoarthritis. The decreased extent of amplitude of maximal volitional contraction and patella tendon reflex were compared.

对22位单侧膝关节骨关节炎患者进行股四头肌最大等长收缩和定量髌腱反射的肌电图测试，比较患膝上两者肌电波幅的减低程度。

If these abnormities were laid according as frequency among 2-6 months,reflex abnormities are knee tendon reflex, palmar grasp reflex,...

其中 2— 6个月组，4个方面的异常项目按出现多少分别排列为：①反射异常：膝反射、手持握反射、巴氏征、非对称性颈肢反射、踝阵挛、坐位平衡反应、踏步反射、交叉伸展反射、紧张性迷路反射、躯干侧弯反射、拥抱反射；②姿势异常：仰卧翻成侧卧头后仰≥ 15°、立位悬垂、平卧颈后空隙≥1cm、俯卧悬垂、侧位悬垂、拉起、紧张性头偏斜、自发姿势异常；③肌张力异常：足背屈角、上肢围颈、手握拳、扶立足跟抬起≥ 3 0°、拇指交叉达掌心、窝角、内收角、跟耳角；④其他异常：头围≤ x -2s、斜视、主动运动减少/异常、听觉异常、视觉异常、眼颤、癫痫。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。