膀胱结石

Methods: Clinical data of 11 cases of single submucosal uretero-vesical stone are reported. which were treated by transurethral cystoscope in out-patient clinic.

报告11例单侧输尿管壁内部结石患者，于门诊行经尿道在膀胱镜下取出结石的临床资料。

This is not a fatal disease, however, it may lead to serious complications such as chronic cystitis, urolithiasis, or rectal abscess formation. These foreign bodies were inserted for autoerotic or unknown reasons by patients.

虽然膀胱异物并不会造成患者的死亡，但是却会引起严重并发症如膀胱炎、结石等，甚至有些异物还会由膀胱较弱的地方穿出膀胱至直肠或腹腔内，引起直肠脓肿或急性腹症。

Results All bladder stone were fragmented with the ballistic Swiss Lithoclast,The intraoperative hemorrhage was90-230ml with an average of140ml.The operation time was100-160min.One month lat-er,the IPSS score was14and the maximum urine flow rate was16.8ml.s.

结果 所有患者均一次性治疗成功，除碎石时膀胱粘膜有散在充血、水肿外，无膀胱穿孔发生，未见结石复发及尿失禁和尿道狭窄等并发症。

CYBERWAND double catheters ultrasound lithoclast master, Swiss EMS ultrasonic pneumatic lithotripsy lithotomy system, American holmium laser, German neodymium laser, Japan Olympus Digital high-definition endoscopy system, Japan Olympus E-duodenoscopy, Germany WOLF percutaneous nephrolithotomy, Germany WOLF ureteroscopy, Japan Olympus E-cystoscopy, Japan Olympus fiber soft nephrolithotomy, the fifth generation of electromagnetic waves lithotripsy system, IR stone composition analyzer, Siemens digital X-ray imaging system, GE Real-time dynamic three-dimensional color Doppler, Olympus resectoscope plasma, C-arm mobile X-ray machine and other international advanced equipments.

医院配备美国CYBERWAND双导管碎石清石系统、瑞士第四代EMS超声气压弹道碎石清石系统、美国钬激光、德国钕激光、日本奥林巴斯数码高清内窥镜系统、日本奥林巴斯电子十二指肠镜、德国WOLF经皮肾镜、德国WOLF输尿管镜、日本奥林巴斯电子膀胱镜、日本奥林巴斯纤维软性肾镜、第五代电磁波体外碎石系统、红外光谱结石成份分析仪、西门子数码X光成像系统、GE三维实时动态彩超、奥林巴斯等离子电切镜、C型臂移动式X光机等国际先进设备；严格按照世界卫生社团认定的诊疗标准，导入JCI认证体系；制定严格的疾病诊疗临床路径，为结石病患者提供全方位国际程度的诊疗服务。

In 13 cases with no nephrohydrosis,caculuses less than 3.8 mm in diameter were found.Conclusion CT is the most valuable way to diagnose ureteral calculus at the lower end of ureter.

CT检查输尿管膀胱入口处结石具有准确、无创、直观等优点，是诊断输尿管膀胱入口处结石不可替代的检查方法。

Special contrast X-rays to evaluate the urethra and bladder for less dense stones that cannot be seen on plain X-rays and to identify tumors or anatomical abnormalities such as an outpouching of the bladder.

特殊对比的X光检查可以判断在尿道和膀胱里的少数结石（在普通的X光检查里可能发现不到），也可以判断肿瘤或结构上的异常，如膀胱的泌尿憩室

Ureteroscopy was applied to treat 1200 cases which incelluded ureteral stones in 1010 cases (146 cases in upper, 344 cases in middle. 520 cases in lower),ureteral strictures in 18 ureteral double catheter stagnation in 38, urethral stricture in 38, bladder calculi in 41, pelvis calculi in 8, ureterovaginal fistula in 5 and others.

其中行输尿管镜治疗者1200例，包括输尿管结石1010例，其中上段结石146例、中段344例、下段520例；输尿管狭窄18例；医源性双J管滞留38例；男性尿道狭窄38例；膀胱尿道结石41例；肾盂结石8例；输尿管阴道漏5例；小儿逆行输尿管插管20例；内支架管置入22例。

The bladder is gently exteriorized through the hole in the shell.

把膀胱轻轻的通过这个洞取出来，医生切割了膀胱，发现结石已经膨胀了。

Prolonged intake of melamine will damage animal reproduction and urinary systems, bladder/renal stones will further induce bladder cancer.1994 International Programme on Chemical Safety and European Commission coedited International Chemical Safety Manual Vol.3 and International Chemical Safety Cards specify that:: prolonged or repeated intake of melamine might influence kidney and bladder, giving rise to stones. The preliminary investigation of 2007 America pet food contamination incident regards that wheat protein powder doped with ≤6.6%%melamine is the cause of pet food poisoning.

动物长期摄入三聚氰胺会造成生殖、泌尿系统的损害，膀胱、肾部结石，并可进一步诱发膀胱癌。1994年国际化学品安全规划署和欧洲联盟委员会合编的《国际化学品安全手册》第三卷和国际化学品安全卡片说明：长期或反复大量摄入三聚氰胺可能对肾与膀胱产生影响，导致产生结石。2007年美国宠物食品污染事件的初步调查结果认为：掺杂了≤6.6%%三聚氰胺的小麦蛋白粉是宠物食品导致中毒的原因。

The gall bladder is an organ that stores bile produced in the liver.this bile is released into the intestine to help the body digest and take in food.but tiny stones can form in the gall bladder.the stones can block the tube leading to the intestine,which can cause severe pain.in the traditional gall bladder operation doctors make a large cut across the person's abdomen to remove the gall bladder.patients must spend up to 10 days in the hospital and they often suffer pain for as long as six weeks while they recover from the operation.

胆囊是一个器官，储存的胆汁产生於肝脏。胆汁被释放到小肠，以帮助身体消化和食物的吸收，也可以形成微小结石的胆囊结石可以阻止膀胱。导致小肠引起严重的激痛，传统的胆囊手术医生作出一个大跨越的人类腹部移除胆囊膀胱，患者必须用10天时间在医院里，他们常常遭受的痛苦，只要6个星期，而他们的手术中恢复过来

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。