腹腔镜

Transperitoneal approach should be chosen for patients with large tumors, obese patients or patients with bilateral lesions.

对于直径大于6 cm的肿瘤也可采用腹腔镜手术切除，但要求手术医师有比较丰富的腹腔镜手术技巧和经验。

Objective To explore retroperitoneoscopic unroofing and decompression of renal simple cyst. Methods The clinical data of 36 cases of renal simple cysts treated by retroperitoneoscopic unroofing and decompression were retrospectively analyzed.

目的总结经后腹腔镜下囊肿去顶减压术治疗单纯性肾囊肿的经验，讨论手术适应证及手术要点方法回顾分析36例经腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术治疗单纯性肾囊肿的临床资料。

Methods:The clinical data of 84 patients with renal cyst underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic unroofing by three ports were analyzed retrospectively,and the method of directly expanding retroperitoneal space during laparoscopy with three ports was evaluated.

回顾分析我院为84例肾囊肿患者用三孔法行腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术的临床资料，并评价三孔法腹膜后腹腔镜手术中直接扩张后腹膜腔的方法。

Abstract］ Objective To summarize the curative effect of retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy in the treatment of ureteric stones in upper and middle segment of ureter.Methods Retrospective analysis was taken to analyze the clinical data of persons who were treated with retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy.

目的 总结后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术对输尿管中上段结石的疗效方法对采用后腹腔镜治疗输尿管中上段结石患者的临床资料进行回顾分析。

Objectives: To guide the clinical practice, the paper is to investigate the treatment of advantage, disadvantage, and indication by improved retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy compared with open ureterolithotomy.

目的：本研究旨在通过组合应用改进的后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术技术操作方法，将手术结果相关指标与开放手术进行对比，探讨后腹腔镜治疗输尿管结石的利弊及手术适应症，指导临床工作。

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of laparoscopy and open ureterolithotomy in the treatment of ureterastone and investigate the management pringciples of retroperi to neal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy.

目的 比较腹腔镜输尿管上段切开取石术与开放性输尿管上段切开取石术的疗效，并探讨腹腔镜经腹膜后途径行输尿管上段切开取石术的处理要点。

Hysteroscope combined with laparoscope was used to observe whether or not there was pathologic change in the uterine cavity and the uterotubal junction in these patients diagnosed as bilateral tubal obstruction and perform the selective hydrotubation.Under direct vision of laparoscope,the degree and site of tubal obstruction were detected respectively,and the relevant operation was done.

对诊断为双侧输卵管阻塞者则宫腔镜与腹腔镜联合应用，宫腔镜下观察宫腔内、输卵管、子宫口是否存在病变，做选择性输卵管插管通液术，腹腔镜直视下观察输卵管阻塞度及阻塞部位，并做相应手术。

Objective To explore the ideal operative method of laparoscopic peritoneum vaginoplasty (Luohu's vaginoplasty) in the treatment of congenital absence of vagina by utilizing self-made peritoneum-vagina propeller combined with laparoscopic surgery.

目的： 利用自行研制的腹膜推进棒，结合腹腔镜微创手术技术探索治疗先天性无阴道的理想术式－腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术。

Results 96 patients were successfully operated with Luohu's vaginoplasty, 3 cases were conversed to sigmoid colon vaginoplasty with laparotomy, 1 patient was operated with laparoscopic ileum vaginoplasty.

结果： 100例手术中，3例中转开腹改行乙状结肠阴道成形术，1例行腹腔镜回肠阴道成形术，余96例完成腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术。

Of the 41 cases treated by ventriculoscopy, 35 improved and 6 did not. Conclusion: Most hydrocephalus can be treated by neuroendoscopy or ventriculoscopy associated with aparoscopy.

应用腹腔镜、神经内窥镜及神经内窥镜与腹腔镜联合应用技术可使大部分脑积水得到控制，使手术成功率明显提高，减少并发症。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。