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Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with acute abdomen.

目的：探讨腹腔镜在急腹症诊断和治疗中的应用价值。

Objective To study the value of laparoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of the traumatic acute abdomen.

目的探讨腹腔镜技术在创伤性急腹症诊断与治疗中的应用。

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of laparoscopy in acute abdomen.

目的：探讨腹腔镜在急腹症中的应用价值。

Objective:To evaluate the value of laparoscopy in the diagnosis of abdominal tumor.

目的：探讨腹腔镜在腹部肿瘤诊断中的应用价值。

Cases presenting as peritoneal carcinomatosis with unknown origin are always a challenge for the physicians to select the most appropriate method to make the diagnosis. In this particular case, the pathological report obtained directly from the incarcerated tumor implant showed the tumor to have arisen most probably from the stomach.

临床上偶而会遇到病患就医即呈现广泛性腹腔内癌性转移的情形，因原始肿瘤的症状不明显，临床上会有诊断及治疗方面的困扰，原始肿瘤未明的广泛性腹腔内癌性转移案例中，虽以胃癌及大肠癌的案例最多，但胰脏癌及妇科方面的案例亦不少，为了诊断及组织切片的取得常需要一些侵袭性的检查如胃镜或大肠镜等，增加病患的痛苦。

"This little plastic and rubber self-retaining retractor enables one to do the procedure through a very small incision, without traumatizing the abdominal wall by placing metal self-retaining retractors on the rectus muscles and then pulling them apart with force," explained Dr. Glasser, noting that most postoperative abdominal pain is due to such trauma.

Glasser医师解释指出，这种由塑胶与橡胶所制成的小型牵开器，具有自动固定的功能，藉此可以经由很小的切割口来进行手术；在直肌上，藉由可自动固定的金属牵开器作撑开的动作，可以避免对腹腔壁造成伤害；而一般手术后的腹部疼痛，就是来自手术时对腹腔壁的伤害。

Methods: During the April 2003 to December 2004, from the patients with different position colorectal cancer beyond Dukes C stage who were performed laparoscopic radical operation random draw 20 patients as experiment group, and from patients with different position colorectal cancer beyond Dukes C patients who were performed open radical operation 20 patients took randomly as contrast group. We draw thepatients blood about 5 ml from antecubital vein at the time before and after the operation about 30 minutes respectively, preserved the blood in deep hypothermia circumstance,cytrokeratin-20(CK-20) as the micrometastasis maker, using the RT-PCR technique,G3PDH as the intra-contrast gene, quantitatively detect the amounts of CK-20 in the blood with the gelatum imagery system and the computer analyzing software on the gelatum imagery system ,in order to compare the influence of the laparoscopic and the open operation on the micrometastasis.

在我院2003年4月—2004年12月间不同部位的临床分期在Dukes C期之内的接受了腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术结直肠癌患者中随机抽取20例作为试验组，另外在同期的接受开腹手术患者中随机抽取20例作为对照组，分别抽取术前30min和术后30min的肘前静脉血5ml，集中低温保存，以细胞角蛋白(cytekeratin-20)CK-20为微转移的标志物，应用RT-PCR技术，以G3PDH为内对照基因，应用凝胶成像系统及其计算机凝胶成像系统分析软件来定量检测手术前、后患者外周静脉血中CK-20含量，比较腹腔镜和开腹的手术方式对肿瘤微转移的影响。

The mice inoculated with Coxiella burnetii intrana- sally developed interstitial pneumonia,while the primary pathological changes of mice inoculated intraperitoneally are granulomas in spleen and liver.2.The pathological changes became more severe followed the dosage increasing.3.Coxiella burnetii can be detected in spleen and liver at day 2 after inoculation.the lesion became more and more serious from day 2 to day 12.The characteristic changes were observed at day 7,and recovered at day 14. 4.The reticuloendothelial system are main target of Coxiella burnetii.The pathogen was detected in cytoplasm of monocyte -macrophages of spleen, liver, lung, and endothelioid cells of blood vessel. 5. Coxiella burnetii can be found in macrophages lysosomes by electron microscopy. Most of them are round or rod, and polymorphic shape can also be observed in different size.

结果：1、通过不同感染途径的实验证实，滴鼻感染的小鼠主要表现为间质性肺炎，而腹腔注射感染小鼠则以脾脏、肝脏肉芽肿为主要病变。2、通过不同剂量的感染实验发现，随着感染Q热立克次体剂量的加大，动物病变愈加严重。3、通过感染后不同时间的动态病理学观察发现，在腹腔注射后第2d的脾和肝脏即可发现病原体，主要脏器的病理变化从第2d到第12d逐渐加重，第7d动物的病变最典型，至感染后14d动物的受损器官已开始出现修复性变化。4、 Q热立克次体主要侵害机体的网状内皮系统，在感染小鼠的肝、脾、肺和外周血管单核巨噬细胞以及血管内皮细胞胞浆中查见病原体。5、透射电镜观察可见Q热立克次体主要位于巨噬细胞吞噬溶酶体内，呈多形性，多见圆形和杆状，大小不一。

The faciform ligament is an important sign of laparoscopic liver surgery and a way of collateral circulation of liver. The superior liver artery found and named in this research can be an important sign to judge the position of hepatic vein. The operation pathway by cutting down the perihepatic ligament next to the superior border of liver is a quick way with little blood. It is difficult to hurt diaphragm and hepatic vein, and the secundum porta hepatic can be showed clearly. As a rule, we break the hepatic vein in the hepatic parenchyma on laparoscopic hepatectomy. But in some situation, extrahepatic treatment was used.

镰状韧带是腹腔镜肝脏外科入路的重要标志，是肝脏侧枝循环的重要途径；本文所发现并命名的肝上动脉可以作为判定肝静脉位置的重要标志；紧贴肝上缘打开肝周韧带，不易损伤膈肌和肝静脉，出血少、速度快，可以使第二肝门获得良好的手术显露；腹腔镜肝切除时一般在肝实质内切断肝静脉，在个别情况也可以预先在第二肝门结扎切断肝静脉。

The results showed that these contents decreased far below normal values at first as the mice were stimulated by noise; and sinbce then, gradually recovered to normal. And the effect of abdominal injection with Astragals was enhanced as the time of exposure to noise prolonged; while that of Rhodioda weakeded with higher noise intensity.

试验结果显示，大鼠受到噪声刺激后肝糖原含量起初远远低于正常值，而随着时间的延长逐渐接近正常值；腹腔注射黄芪的效果因噪声时间的延长而增强；而腹腔注射红景天的效果因强度的增加而稍有减弱。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。