腹水的

The differential diagnosis of malignant and benign ascites plays an important role in the treatment of diseases.

腹水的良、恶性鉴别诊断对疾病的治疗具有重要的意义。

Successful treatment is dependent on an accurate diagnosis of the cause of ascites; e.g., peritoneal carcinomatosis does not respond to diuretic therapy.

病史美国多数腹水患者（大约85%）有肝硬化（表2）10，有大约15％的腹水患者，是由于非肝源性原因引起的体液潴留，对腹水患者的成功治疗取决于准确的腹水病因的诊断；例如利尿剂治疗对腹膜恶性肿瘤没有效果。

There is a lag of 3–5 days between the beginning of spironolactone treatment and the onset of the natriuretic effect.67 Controlled studies have found that spironolactone achieves a better natriuresis and diuresis than a ''loop diuretic'' such as frusemide.68–71 Most frequent side effects of spironolactone in cirrhotics are those related to its antiandrogenic activity, such as decreased libido, impotence, and gynaecomastia in men and menstrual irregularity in women (although most women with ascites do not menstruate anyway).

在应用螺内酯治疗开始和出现尿钠排泄之间会有3-5天的延迟。67对照研究发现螺内酯较绊利尿剂如速尿能取得更好的排钠和利尿效果。68-71螺内酯在肝硬化中大部分常见的副作用与其抗雄激素活性有关，如男性性欲降低，阳萎和男性乳腺发育，而在女性则为月经紊乱（虽然大多数有腹水的女性不来月经）。

Ascitic fluid ADA activity was higher than 30 U/L in 80％ of tubercular ascites, while none of non-tubercular benign ascites reached to such level.

腹水ADA＞30 U/ml者在结核性腹水组中占80％，而非结核性良性腹水组的患者均低于此值。

Methods: The clinical data, the results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests of 108 ascitic specimens from cirrhotic patients with SBP were analyzed retrospectively.

对108例次腹水细菌培养阳性肝硬化腹水合并SBP患者的临床资料以及腹水细菌培养和药物敏感试验结果进行回顾性分析。

Normal,preascitic and ascitic broilers selected from a block that had ascites syndromewere used as study objects.

本研究从田间自然发生腹水症的肉鸡群中选取正常肉鸡、亚临床腹水鸡和腹水。。。

Some patients have ''monomicrobial bacterascites'' in which cultures are positive but there is normal ascitic neutrophil count.138 Such infections are thought to occur relatively commonly, and the majority are eradicated by the body's natural defence mechanisms (for example, opsonic and complement mediated bactericidal activity).138 139 When a positive culture is obtained, a further ascitic tap with a neutrophil count should be obtained.

有些患者有着&单一微生物细菌性腹水&，其腹水培养为阳性但腹水白细胞计数正常。138这些感染被认为较为常见，大部分可被机体天然的防御机制（如调理素和补体介导的杀菌活性）所根除。138，139当腹水培养为阳性时，应进一步进行腹穿并行嗜中性粒细胞计数。

A distended abdomen can be a sign of ascites.

扩张的腹部可能是腹水的标志。

The immunological traits such as titer,affinity,sensitivity and specificity of this mAb were characterized.The results showed that the conjugation ratio of SM to BSA in SM artificial antigen was about 25∶1.The titer of supernatant hybridoma cell lines of 3F9-C4 was 1∶3.2×10~2 by indirect ELISA.The isotypes in ascites was IgG_(2a)/κ,the affinity constant was 8.4×10~(11)L/mol,IC50 was 8.99μg/L,cross-reactivity to dihydrostreptomycin was 109.6% and little cross-reactivity to other compounds.

结果表明，BSA-SM人工抗原分子结合比为1∶25；筛选出3F9-C4敏感特异的杂交瘤细胞1株，间接ELISA测定细胞培养上清，效价为1∶3.2×102，同种型为IgG2a/κ；腹水的亲和常数为8.4×1011L/mol；IC50为8.99μg/L，与双氢链霉素交叉反应为109.6%，与其他SM结构相似物和功能近似物无交叉反应性。

The immunological traits such as titer, affinity, sensitivity and specificity of this mAb were characterized. The results showed that the conjugation ratio of SM to BSA in SM artificial antigen was about 25:1. The titer of supernatant hybridoma cell lines of 3F9-C4 was 1:3.2×10^2 by indirect ELISA. The isotypes in ascites was IgG(subscript 2a)/k, the affinity constant was 8.4×10^11L/mol, IC50 was 8.99μg/L, cross-reactivity to dihydrostreptomycin was 109.6% and little cross-reactivity to other compounds.

结果表明，BSA-SM人工抗原分子结合比为1：25；筛选出3F9-C4敏感特异的杂交瘤细胞l株，间接ELISA 刚定细胞培养上清，效价为l：3.2×10^2，同种型为IgG(下标 2a)/k腹水的亲和常数为8.4×10^11L/mol；IC50为8.99μg/L，与双氢链霉素交叉反应为109.6%，与其他SM结构相似物和功能近似物无交叉反应性。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。