腱索

Results The detecting rates of the displacement of the mitral coaptation point ,the flail partial mitral leaflets,the coarse and erratic flutter of flail leaflets, the flicking mitral chordae tendineae with coarse and erratic flutter and the vegetation by TEE and TTE with 2-D were 100%and 94.3%, 100%and 65.7%, 85.7%and 54.3%, 77.1%and48.6%, 100%and33.3%, respectively.With color Doppler imaging,eccentric wall jets or eccentric-centric jets were all detected by TEE and TTE, respectively. The regurgitant volume based on PISA method by TEE and TTE was(2025±402)and (607±268)ml/min,respectively.

结果 TEE和TTE对二尖瓣腱索部分断裂的切面超声征象包括收缩期瓣缘对合不良、局部链枷运动、局部粗大扑动、腱索断端飞鞭运动伴粗大扑动及赘生物的检出率分别为100%和94.3%、 100%和65.7%、 85.7%和54.3%、 77.1%和48.6%及100%和33.3%； TEE和TTE二尖瓣腱索断裂的彩色多普勒表现为偏心附壁返流束或偏心伴向心返流束，其检出率均为100%；根据PISA法由TEE及TTE估测的返流量分别为(2025±402)及(607±268)ml/min。

The percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty was performed in the patient with single thickened tendinous cordae.The valvular closed commissurotomy was performed in the patient with thickened non-calcified tendinous cordae.The ATC stereoscopic images that revealed by dynamic 3-D reconstruction technique could be not acquired in two-dimensional image technique.

结果：本组瓣膜病患者，有两组腱索增粗并钙化者及腱索稀疏与断裂者均行瓣膜置换术，仅单组腱索增粗者行瓣膜球囊扩张术，两组腱索增粗而无钙化者行瓣膜闭式分离术，动态三维重建技术展示了二维显像所不能获得的房室瓣腱索的立体图像。

Objective:To evaluate clinical value of atrioventricular tendinous chordaein the diagnosis and treatment for atrioventricular valvular disease.

目的：评价房室瓣腱索在房室瓣病变的诊断和治疗中的临床价值。

The most frequent mechanism was commissural MR, or MR that originated at the site of successful commissurotomy, which occurred in 27 of 47 patients (57%), whereas noncommissural MR occurred in 20 (43%) patients, 12 (26%) with subalular damage resulting in chordae rupture and flail motion and 8 (17%) with leaflet laceration.

最常见的机制是联合部瓣膜返流或成功的瓣膜分离术术后原分离处的返流，47例患者中有27 例出现以上情况(57%)，而其余的发生非联合处的二尖瓣返流的20例(43%)患者中，12例伴有瓣膜下损害的患者出现腱索断裂和连伽运动，8例患者出现瓣叶撕裂。

There were no nick infection, chorioamnionitis and other complications. Eight/sixteen fetal lambs were undergone intro-utero cardiac intervention. The values of body weight and Hct of lambs which were executed. pre-term and full-term delived were (1.77±0.14) kg vs.(2.15±0.23) kg vs.(2.41±0.19) kg and 29%-33% vs. 27%-35% vs. 37%-41%. In autopsy, hydropericardium was found in 4/8 with 1-2.5 mL and 1/8 with 5 mL. Besides 1/8 with interventricular septum centesis injury, there was no centesis damage to endocardium, valve, chordae tendineae, papillary muscles and aortic tunica intima.

病理解剖发现施行手术的8例胎羊/新生羊胸壁穿刺点均位于左侧心前区，心脏进针部位在左室心前区近心尖部位6例，近流出道1例，近室间隔1例；4只少量心包积液(1~2.5 mL)，1只心包积液5 mL，3只未发现心包积液；除1只胎羊有室间隔穿刺伤外，其余胎羊心内膜、瓣膜、腱索、乳头肌及主动内膜均未发现损伤；未发现肺、肝等胸腹腔脏器穿刺损伤；均未发现心包、胸腔感染迹象。

Fujian Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute,Fuzhou 350001ABSTRACT Objective:To evaluate clinical value of atrioventricular tendinous chordaein the diagnosis and treatment for atrioventricular valvular disease.

中国超声医学杂志990204 摘要目的：评价房室瓣腱索在房室瓣病变的诊断和治疗中的临床价值。

33 patients with AVD were studied by dynamic three-dimensional(3-D)reconstruction.18 men and 15 women 14－56 of age involved in this sutdy.Hewlett Packard 2500 echocardiography with 5.0/3.7 MHz multiplane transesophageal probe was used for data acquisition,and Tomtec echo scan system used for 3-D reconstruction.Acquired images were extracted and reconstructed by computer system.The condition of ATC and valve were viewed from atrioventricular lateral aspect.Results:The valvular replacement operations were performed on the patients suffered from thickened,calcified,thinned or broken tendinous cordae.

我们应用动态三维重建技术，研究了33例房室瓣病变患者的腱索，其中男性18例，女性15例，年龄14-56岁，全部病例经手术及/或心导管证实，图像采集使用HP SONOS 2500超声心动图仪(配有3.7/5.0MHz的多平面经食道探头)，三维重建采用TOMTEC ECHO SCAN系统，将采集的图像提取并重建，从房室的侧面观察房室瓣腱索及瓣膜情况。

Methods Thirty patients with chronic mitral regurgitation were c lassified into three groups. Twelve patients underwent conventional MVR, 10 patients had MVR with preservation of posterior chordae tendin eae only, and 8 patients had MVR with preservation of both anterior and posterior chordae tendineae.

根据MVR的不同方式，将30例慢性二尖瓣反流患者分为3组：A组为传统的MVR即完全切除瓣叶及其腱索患者12例，B组为完全切除前叶及其腱索仅保留后叶及其腱索的MVR患者10例，C组为切除部分前叶但保留前叶腱索和后叶及其腱索的MVR患者8例。

The results showed that the densities of NPY and CGRP-IR nerve fibers in atrioventricular valves of SHR were equal to that of the normal control Wistar-Kyotorats ,but the value of R of NPY-IR nerves,i.e.the ratio of the number of chordae tendineaes in wh...

但SHR二尖瓣及三尖瓣含NPY神经的R值，即心壁和乳头肌两个来源的含肽神经相延续所在的腱索数目与本片瓣膜上的总腱索数的比值，大于WKY大鼠；而SHR心瓣膜含CGRP神经的R值和WKY大鼠无差异。本文对SHR心瓣膜上含NPY和含CGRP神经的变化作了讨论。

Results The main structure of the left ventricle in canine was composed of the mitral complex、aortic valve、falsetendons and so on,among them the mitral complex was included in the mitral ring and valve,chordae tendinease and papillary muscles;the circle of mitral ring was 49.16±10.00mm,the average heights of inside and outside valves were 14.28±3.14mm,9.27±1.99mm,respectively,the breadth were 25.74±5.21mm、21.50±6.33mm;the average number of chordae tendineass was 16.72±2.76;the average number of left ventricular false tendon was 4.69±3.38:the circle of aortic valve ring was 34.55±8.00mm,the average heights of left、right and back aortic valves were 6.85±1.76mm、7.19±1.75mm and 7.52±1.79mm.

结果：犬心左心室主要结构有二尖瓣复合体、主动脉瓣、假腱索等，其中二尖瓣复合体由瓣环、瓣膜、腱索、乳头肌构成；二尖瓣瓣环周径为49.16±10.00mm，内侧瓣、外侧瓣的高度分别为14.28±3.24mm、9.27±1.99mm，其宽度分别为25.74±5.21mm、21.50±6.33mm；腱索总数平均为16.72±2.76条；假腱索总数平均为4.69±3.38条；主动脉瓣瓣环周径为34.55±8.00mm，左瓣高度、右瓣高度和后瓣高度分别为6.85±1.76mm、7.19±1.75mm和7.52±1.79mm。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。