腱

Objective To study the difference of healing process of reconstructing the knee cruciate ligaments with allograft tendons which were treated by program freezing and －80℃ deepfrozen.

目的 从实验角度观察程序冷冻液氮保存和－80℃深低温保存方法处理同种异体髌腱后重建膝关节交叉韧带的愈合过程并比较其差异。

Methods Eleven cases who underwent surgical treatment of arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL with a deepfrozen bone-Achilles tendon complex allograft during 2005-2006 were retrospectively analyzed.

方法回顾了2005年~2006年间我科收治并在关节镜下应用深低温冷冻异体骨跟腱复合体重建损伤的前交叉韧带11例，随访时间12~20个月。

Department of Orthopaedics,Qingdao Municipal Hospital,Qingdao 266000,ChinaAbstract:Objective To study the difference of healing process of reconstructing the knee cruciate ligaments with allograft tendons which were treated by program freezing and －80℃ deepfrozen.

目的 从实验角度观察程序冷冻液氮保存和－80℃深低温保存方法处理同种异体髌腱后重建膝关节交叉韧带的愈合过程并比较其差异。

Methods Reconstruct the ACL of the knee with the BPTB of rabbits which had been preserved for 2 weeks with －80℃ deepfrozen or liquid nitrogen deepfrozen after program freezing,and the cells poison response,cells activity,the maximum load and morphologic changes of the grafts were observed to compare the two allografting groups each other and compare them with the autografting group.

将兔的1/2骨髌腱骨复合体经-80℃深低温保存和程序冷冻液氮保存2周后观察冻存变化差异并行同种异体移植重建前交叉韧带，分别于术后3周和8周观察细胞毒反应、细胞活性、最大载荷和形态学变化等指标进行比较并与自体移植组对照。

Arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL with a deepfrozen allogenic boneAchilles tendon complex can effectively improve the stability of the knee joint and decrease the injury and complication of donor site.The tendon's intensity is strong enough and the source is abundant.The problem of the reconstruction graft scarcity due to multiple ligament injury could be solved.

关节镜下应用深低温冷冻异体骨跟腱复合体重建损伤的前交叉韧带的方法可有效改善膝关节的稳定性；减少了自体肌腱移植所带来的供区损伤；肌腱强度大，供应充足，解决了多根韧带损伤所带来的重建材料匮乏的问题；简化手术步骤，缩短手术时间。

Three weeks afer the allografting,there was no significant difference between the two al lografting groups in maximum load(P＞0.05),Eight weeks later,the maximum load of the group that was preserved by liquid nitrogen after program freezing(76.60±4.67)N was better than the group that was preserved by －80℃ deepfrozen(75.99±4.20) and similar with the autografting group(76.72±2.55).4.The healing process and histological behavior of the two deepfrozen groups are similar with the autografting group,and the program freezing group is better.

结果 a经程序冷冻液氮保存方法处理后，髌腱的最大载荷无明显下降，细胞活性得到了较好的保存，组织学观察冷冻损伤较－80℃深低温保存方法轻微；b程序冷冻液氮保存处理的移植物在术后未表现明显的排斥反应，且免疫反应随时间的推移而下降；c移植后3周，各组移植物的最大载荷无显著差异(P＞0.05)，移植后8周，程序冷冻液氮保存组移植物的最大载荷(55.87±1.86)N优于－80℃深低温保存组(52.14±2.79)，而和自体移植组相近(57.70±2.76)N；d从组织学观察看，－80℃深低温保存组和程序冷冻液氮保存组移植后的愈合过程均和自体移植组相似，而程序冷冻液氮保存组的愈合过程和组织学行为更接近于自体移植组。

Results 1.After treated by:program freezing,the maximum load of the allografts has no evident decrease and the cell activity of allografts was preserved well,the frozen hurt after program freezing was more slight than －80℃ deepfrozen,2.No evident reject reaction can be seen during the healing process after deep frozen and the reject reaction declined as the time pass by.3.Three weeks afer the allografting,there was no significant difference between the two al lografting groups in maximum load(P＞0.05),Eight weeks later,the maximum load of the group that was preserved by liquid nitrogen after program freezing(76.60±4.67)N was better than the group that was preserved by －80℃ deepfrozen(75.99±4.20) and similar with the autografting group(76.72±2.55).4.The healing process and histological behavior of the two deepfrozen groups are similar with the autografting group,and the program freezing group is better.

结果 a经程序冷冻液氮保存方法处理后，髌腱的最大载荷无明显下降，细胞活性得到了较好的保存，组织学观察冷冻损伤较－80℃深低温保存方法轻微；b程序冷冻液氮保存处理的移植物在术后未表现明显的排斥反应，且免疫反应随时间的推移而下降；c移植后3周，各组移植物的最大载荷无显著差异(P＞0.05)，移植后8周，程序冷冻液氮保存组移植物的最大载荷(55.87±1.86)N优于－80℃深低温保存组(52.14±2.79)，而和自体移植组相近(57.70±2.76)N；d从组织学观察看，－80℃深低温保存组和程序冷冻液氮保存组移植后的愈合过程均和自体移植组相似，而程序冷冻液氮保存组的愈合过程和组织学行为更接近于自体移植组。

Everybody is flawed, particularly athletes, whose Achilles' tendons or hamstrings can go at any time.

大家是有漏洞，特别是运动员，其跟腱'肌腱或hamstrings可以在任何时间。

This season I have been out for three months. I tried to come back earlier and had some different treatment, but now I have experience about hamstrings. You have to recover well and come back when it's right.

&这个赛季我已经缺阵三个月，我一直都争取尽早回来，接受了不同的治疗，但是现在我对脚腱有见解了，你必须要恢复好，当他痊愈再回归。&

Everybody is flawed, particularly athletes, whose Achilles tendons or hamstrings can go at any time.

没有人是完美的，尤其是运动员，他们的跟腱、肌腱、腿筋并不是每时每刻都能正常运转的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。