腘肌

Based on the theories of Yin-Yang and Jing-Luo, applied the methods of chronobiology, it were studied in this paper that the effects of acupuncture and moxibustion, light on the popliteal, melatonin upon circadian of core body temperature, cortisol and melatonin of plasma, VO2 and CTR -five indices in soldiers.

本课题以中医的阴阳理论、经络学说为指导，应用现代时间生物学的研究方法，系统研究了在自由运转状态下，应急作战部队人员体温、血浆MT、cortisol以及V02与CTR 5项生理生化指标昼夜节律情况，以及不同时辰针灸、光照腘肌、药物MT对5项生理指标的节律相位影响特点。

It relates with the events, such as ankle wrench and tendon velamen inflammation of knee injury for high jump, patella rickets for long jump, ankle wrench and meniscus injury for triple jump, slanting muscle pull of outer abdomen for pole jump.

多发伤种与项目有关：跳高易致股后肌群拉伤、膝关节、踝关节扭伤、背部损伤；跳远易致腘肌损伤、半月板损伤；三级跳远易致足跟底部扭伤、踝关节扭伤；撑竿跳高易致腹外斜肌拉伤。

The main components were a lateral expansion to the oblique popliteal ligament; a direct arm, which attached to the tibia; and an anterior arm. The oblique popliteal ligament, the largest posterior knee structure, formed a broad fascial sheath over the posterior aspect of the knee and measured 48.0 mm in length and 9.5 mm wide at its medial origin and 16.4 mm wide at its lateral attachment. It had two lateral attachments, one to the meniscofemoral portion of the posterolateral joint capsule and one to the tibia, along the lateral border of the posterior cruciate ligament facet. The semimembranosus also had a distal tibial expansion, which formed a posterior fascial layer over the popliteus muscle.

主要的部分是一个可以侧方扩展的腘斜韧带，最大的膝关节后方的组织结构，形成了一个较大的筋膜外皮位于膝关节的后方，测量结果显示长度为48mm，边缘宽度为9.5mm，侧方附件的宽度为16.4mm，它具有两个方面的附件，一个位于半月板股骨间部分的后外侧关节囊和一个在胫骨端的后叉韧带边缘，半膜肌同时也存在一个远处的胫骨扩展，形成了一个后方的筋膜附着腘肌。

The flat posterior surface of the tibial shaft can be completely exposed, except for its proximal fourth, which lies in close relation to the popliteus muscle and to the proximal parts of the posterior tibial essels and the tibial nere.

胫骨干平坦的后侧表面除近端四分之一因与腘肌以及胫后血管和胫神经的近侧部关系密切外，其余部分均可显露。

C. Eleate subperiosteally the flexor digitorum longus muscle distally and laterally and the popliteus muscle proximally and medially and expose the posterior surface of the proximal fourth of the tibia Fig.

将趾长屈肌牵向外下方，做骨膜下剥离，同法剥离腘肌并牵向内上方，即可显露胫骨近端1/4的后面(图1-37D)。

C. Elevate subperiosteally the flexor digitorum longus muscle distally and laterally and the popliteus muscle proximally and medially and expose the posterior surface of the proximal fourth of the tibia Fig.

将趾长屈肌牵向外下方，做骨膜下剥离，同法剥离腘肌并牵向内上方，即可显露胫骨近端1/4的后面(图1-37D)。

Retract the semitendinosus proximally and medially and the gastrocsoleus component distally and laterally; the popliteus and flexor digitorum longus muscles lie in the floor of the interal Fig.

将半腱肌牵向内上方，腓肠肌牵向外下方，在间隙底部可见腘肌和趾长屈肌(图1-37C)。

We compared the effect of the number of weekly repetitions of a static stretching program on the flexibility, hamstring tightness and electromyographic activity of the hamstring and of the triceps surae muscles. Thirty-one healthy subjects with hamstring tightness, defined as the inability to perform total knee extension, and shortened triceps surae, defined by a tibiotarsal angle wider than 90 degrees during trunk flexion, were divided into three groups: G1 performed the stretching exercises once a week; G2, three times a week, and G3, five times a week.

我们比较每周重复静态牵张方案的次数对灵活性、腘绳肌紧张以及腘绳肌与小腿三头肌的肌电灵敏度的影响。31例腘绳肌紧张的健康受试者（腘绳肌紧张为无法进行全膝伸展和小腿三头肌缩短（躯干弯曲时胫附的角度大于90度））被分为3组：G1组，进行每周一次的牵张训练；G2组，进行每周三次的牵张训练；G3组，进行每周五次的牵张训练。

A pulled hamstring is a common muscle strain seen in yoga class. This occurs particularly where the hamstring attaches to the sitting bones, and is a result of overstretching in seated forward-bending poses.

腘绳肌的拉伤是瑜伽中的常见损伤，尤其发生在腘绳肌与坐骨联结处，也可由于坐立前屈体式中的过度拉伸。

Methods: The authors conducted medical record reviews and telephone interviews of 106 consecutive patients with ACL reconstruction using quadrupled semitendinosus-gracilis autograft from 2004 to 2006. Data included anthropometric measurements (height, mass, gender, and age at the time of surgery). Hamstring diameter was obtained using cylindrical sizers in 0.5-mm increments and recorded in the patient's surgical record. Correlation coefficients and stepwise, multiple linear regression were used to determine the relationship between the outcome variable and the predictor variables (age, gender, height, mass, and BMI). Independent sample t tests were used to compare hamstring graft diameter between genders.

从2004年到2006年作者对106名相关的采用股四头肌半腱肌-股薄肌自体移植重建前十字交叉韧带的病人进行了病历综述和电话随访，资料包括人体测量结果(手术时的身高，体重，性别和年龄)，腘绳肌肌腱的直径用计算机圆柱分检器以0.5毫米的增值测量并记录在病人的手术病历中，相关系数和逐步，多个直线回归被用来确定结果变量和猜测变量(年龄，性别，身高，体重和体重指数)之间的关系，独立样本的t检验被用来比较不同性别之间的腘绳肌腱移植物的直径。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。