腐蚀

The results show that DFR-corrosion-influence-factors are decreasing as the increasing of ground-corrosion-time and the aggravating of environments causticity. The influence of corrosion fatigue is much serious than that of ground-corrosion. The example of structure fatigue analysis with DFR method under corrosive environment shows the detail steps and data requirements.

通过试验测定了各种典型情况的DFR腐蚀影响系数，试验结果说明DFR腐蚀影响系数随着地面停放腐蚀时间的增加和环境腐蚀性的增强而降低，腐蚀疲劳的影响较停放腐蚀的影响更严重。

The paper is based on the rupture-dynamical theory and DNV RP-F101 recommendatory method, through the study of three corrosion models, we have built up rational estimation model, adopted subentry safety coefficient method and allowed stress method to estimate the remaining strength of corrodent pipelines, and finally, introduced the Genetic Algorithms method to compute the reliability of corrodent pipelines, gaining the reliability index, and provided corresponding program.

本文以断裂力学理论为基础，以 DNV RP-F101 腐蚀管道评估的推荐作法为蓝本，通过对管道腐蚀损伤的三种腐蚀形式具体研究，建立了合理的评估计算模型，采用了分项安全系数法和许用应力法对腐蚀管道的剩余强度进行了失效压力的计算，最后较详细的介绍了遗传算法的基本理论，并把它应用到对腐蚀管道的进行可靠性评估中，得出其可靠性指标，并给出了相应的计算程序。

The results show that the naturally-aged 2195 alloy has the best intergranular and exfoliation corrosion resistance. The intergranular and exfoliation corrosion are accelerated with prolonging the increasing aging time at 160℃, which is in accord with the results of polarization tests in IGC solution.

结果表明： 2195合金在自然时效状态下具有较好的抗晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀能力，但随着在160℃时效时间的延长，其晶间腐蚀与剥落腐蚀倾向逐渐增加；在剥落腐蚀溶液中进行的极化曲线测试也表现出相同的趋势。

Using metallographic analysis, original structure and surface deficiency were obtained, the influence of the structure on corrosion speed was settled, the surface macrography patterns of welded joint in different temperature and concentration were got. Microscopic patterns after corrosion in different condition were gained by SEM, though which the influence of temperature, concentration and structure on corrosion was easily observed.

采用金相分析法，不仅获得了腐蚀前焊接接头的原始金相组织以及表面缺陷，确定了组织及缺陷对腐蚀速率的影响，而且得到了焊接接头在不同温度、浓度条件下腐蚀后的宏观形貌，采用场发射扫描电子显微镜得到了焊接接头在不同条件下腐蚀后的微观形貌，从而直观地得到了温度、浓度以及组织对焊接接头腐蚀速率的影响。

In this paper, based on the analysis of the effects of the structure of UASB reactors and the processes of reactions on corrosion, the corrosion mechanism is discussed, and three measures to prevent the corrosion of the UASB reactor are presented, I.e., improvement of the anticor rosion design, application of anticorrosion materials and preservative treatment of the equipment.

由于上流式厌氧污泥床UASB内发生的反应主要属于化学过程和生物过程，因此UASB反应器内壁极易发生腐蚀，从而影响反应效果，降低设备使用寿命，增加维护费用在分析了上流式厌氧污泥床反应器的结构与工艺对腐蚀的作用的基础上，讨论了腐蚀机理，提出了应在改进防腐设计、采用耐腐蚀材料和对设备进行防腐处理等3个方面采取措施，从而防止UASB反应器内的腐蚀现象

Meanwhile, the coated surface was hydrophobic with a contact angle of 107.2°since the introduction of methyl groups and methylene groups. Static immersing corrosion test, potentiodynamically polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were conducted to evaluate the film corrosion performances. The results of potentiodynamically polarization curve and EIS in 55wt% LiBr solutions at room temperature in atmospherical pressure indicated that the corrosion current density of BMBSE film coated surface was 4 orders of magnitude smaller than that of bare SUS304 steel, and the impedance was increased by a factor of 10000. Static immersing corrosion test presented that the BMBSE film can significantly increase the corrosion resistance in 55wt%LiBr solution at 180°C compared with stainless steels.

同时由于有机组分甲基和亚甲基的引入，结构均匀致密，并具有一定的疏水性；电化学测试结果表明BMBSE膜的极化阻抗比不锈钢大4个数量级，自腐蚀电流密度也下降低了4个数量级左右，具有良好的耐腐蚀性能；成膜的影响因素优化结果表明BMBSE、EtOH、D.I.water摩尔比为1∶4∶3，热处理温度为200℃时，更有利于制备结构均匀、致密、耐腐蚀性能好的薄膜；静态浸泡腐蚀实验结果说明，在180℃、55%的高温溴化锂溶液中BMBSE膜能起到良好的腐蚀防护作用。

The failure behavior of SS316L has been investigated under environment and stress coaction by corrosion fatigue device. It is indicated that the interactive actions of many kinds of corrosion types, such as dynamic stress, pitting corrosion, intergranuler corrosion, corrosion fatigue, material failure, are exist in the process of stainless steel failure.

本工作运用自制的腐蚀疲劳试验机，研究了在环境与应力协同作用下，316L不锈钢的失效行为和过程，证实了不锈钢的失效过程中存在着多种腐蚀类型的交互作用，阐述了动应力—点腐蚀—晶间腐蚀—腐蚀疲劳—失稳断裂的内在联系和相关性。

Herein through investigation on the collected CO2 corrosion data from different CO2-contained oil and gas fields, this study analyzed the serious damage and hazards on the gas production, summarized up the general rules of CO2 corrosion and its peculiarities at different areas. According to studies on phenomena, features, mechanism, and influencing factors on CO2 corrosion, this study put forward that a few effective countermeasures should be taken for anti-corrosion technology including injecting corrosion inhibitor, adopting stainless steel or bimetallic materials for the combination casing strings or well tubings.

为此，对我国几个不同类型含CO2油气田的现场的CO2腐蚀资料进行了调查、研究，分析了CO2腐蚀给天然气生产带来的严重危害性，总结出在不同类型油气田中CO2腐蚀的一般规律和不同区域CO2腐蚀的特殊性；在对CO2腐蚀的现象、特点、类型、机理以及腐蚀的影响因素研究的基础上，提出了含CO2气井防腐工艺技术应着重解决好含CO2气井的完井、生产管柱采用不锈钢或双金属复合油管、加注缓蚀剂等几种有效的防腐蚀措施。

In the present work, based on the mechanism of low-temperature corrosion, an opinion was presented by theoretical analysis and computation, that is the vacuum boiler can not avoid being corroded completely under low temperature, but the corrosion is very weak no matter if the exhaust gas temperature is higher than the flue gas dew point; it was obtained the relationship between the corrosion velocity of metal wall and wall temperature along gas pass of vacuum boiler, and the one between the corrosion velocity of metal wall and wall temperature under the condition that the flue gas temperature is lower than the acid dew point.

本文从锅炉发生低温腐蚀的机理入手，通过理论分析计算并通过实践检验，提出了真空相变锅炉虽然不能完全避免低温腐蚀问题，但不论排烟温度是否高于烟气露点，低温腐蚀的程度都很弱的观点；给出了真空相变锅炉沿烟气流程金属壁面的腐蚀速度与壁面温度的关系曲线，和烟气温度低于酸露点时金属壁面的腐蚀速度与壁面温度的关系曲线；笔者专门从事真空相变锅炉的设计研究已十多年，根据上述观点设计的数百台产品已经过多年实际运行，未发现明显低温腐蚀。

The results show that the zinc coating is eroded mostly, and some red rust and black rust appear on the substrate in the environment of oxygen supplied intermittently.

结果表明：在间歇通O2的情况下，锌层大部分被腐蚀，而且在基体上有一些红锈和黑锈产生，镀锌板表面的腐蚀产物呈现着不均匀的针状物；而在间歇通N2时，镀锌板的锌层脱落面积较少，基体上没有产生红锈，腐蚀产物呈大块状；在间歇通O2和通N2的情况下，镀锌板的腐蚀速率先增后降，在200 h时，前者的腐蚀质量损失速率是后者的2倍左右；镀锌板附着库尔勒泥浆时的腐蚀过程受氧去极化过程控制。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。