腐殖质

Soils dominated by 2:1 clays(montmorillonite, vermiculite, illite), more frequently found in temperate zones, but also present in tropical and subtropical areas; behave different from the typical tropical red soils (Ultisols and Oxisols dominated by Fe and Al oxides and kaolinite) and from the soils developed from volcanic ash (Andisols dominated by allophane, imogolite, and humus-Al complexes) that are widely spread over the world.

我们常在温带地区发现的2：1型粘土矿物为主的土壤，也出现在热带和亚热带地区。这些土壤不同于世界范围内广泛分布的典型的热带红壤(以铁铝氧化物和高岭石为优势粘土矿物的老成土和氧化土)，也不同于由火山灰（以水铝萤石、伊利缟石和腐殖质-Al复合体为优势粘土矿物的火山灰土）发育的土壤。

Get used to the soil with all sorts of rich humus, with arenaceous qualitative loam best.

适应各种腐殖质丰富的土壤，以砂质壤土最好。

Moreover, Heilongjiang blackland boasts humus soil better than other kind, with humus content 5 -10 times higher than yellow and red soils.

之所以有如此高的赞誉与评价，概因土壤肥沃：黑龙江所处的寒地黑土土壤的肥力、理化性质和土质结构都优于其他各类土壤，仅就腐殖质而言，就是黄土和红土的5倍至10倍。

Hence there are sufficient nutritive produces and water supply endowed on the blackland. The lesser Xinq'an mountain is rich in wild specialties, animal dejecta and humus containing, like infusion Chinese medicine, organic and trace elements.

纯净水灌溉：白山黑水之间，山水纯净，水系丰溢，大小兴安岭上丰富的山产品和以野草、野果为食的动物的粪便以及原始森林中多年积累的腐殖质，都富含着有机质和微量元素，这些有机质和微量元素经过雨水浸泡和冲刷，就像熬制好的中药一样，汇集成大大小小的河流，直接注入黑龙江这片平整的黑土地，从而像血管一样，滋润着本就肥得流油的寒地黑土。

Thirdly, Lower-grade plants such as lichen, bryozoan etc. begin to grow. Along with the accumulation of living beings is going more and more, the amount of organic matter in the parent material forming soil is going more and more, Then higher-grade plants gradually replace lower-grade plants, and through strong and extensive root system, the dispersive and soluble nutrition can be concentrated. After the death of organisms, and through decomposition of microbes, one part of the remains of the organisms becomes nutrients for plants, and another part of the remains turns into humus.

第三步，地衣、苔藓类低等植物开始生长，随着生物的积累作用越来越大，成土母质中的有机物数量不断增加，最后高等植物逐渐取代了低等植物，通过强大的根系把分散的可溶性养分集中起来，等到这些生物死亡之后，它们的残体经过微生物的分解作用，一部分成为后来植物所需的养分，另一部分变成了腐殖质。

The analysis method of component evenly proved the aboveresults. So exploring the software of the Hyperchem to design the molecular struture for humic and fulvicacid have reliability. As the result, the Felbeck\'s model of the humic modle and Buffle\'s model of the fulvicacids had more reasonable molecular structure than other molecular structure models.

疏水性与折射性、极性、近似表面积、栅格表面、体积、质量在HA和FA与金属离子结合物模型上表现出的不同，应用主成分分析的结果正好验证了上述现象，说明此软件对于腐殖质结构设计具有一定的可信度。

Chernozem humus layer thickness up to 50-70 cm, humus content of 3-5%, a granular structure.

黑钙土腐殖层厚达50—70厘米，腐殖质含量3—5％，具团粒结构。

Chernozem with deep humus layer, the surface humus content of about 3-5%.

黑钙土含深厚腐殖层，表层腐殖质含量约为3—5％。

Chernozem A freely draining CALCAREOUS SOLL found in regions with high summer rainfall, characterized by humus distributed fairly evenly throughout the profile.

黑钙土：在夏季降水多的地区发现的一种含钙的土壤，它的特点是腐殖质的分布比较均匀。

Chernozem layer with the topography and different degrees of surface evaporation, there is meadow chernozem (humus content was high, a large number of stain and iron-TB), carbonate Black calcium soil (surface with carbonate accumulation) and the black soil salinity and the saline soil.

黑钙土层随地势和地表蒸发程度的不同，有草甸黑钙土（腐殖质含量高，有大量锈斑和铁质结核）、碳酸盐黑钙土和盐渍化黑土和盐渍土。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。