脱细胞的

Objective:To investigate the relationship between 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1（11beta-HSD1） and preadipocyte differentiation.

目的： 应用3T3-L1细胞模型研究11β-羟化类固醇脱氢酶1（11β-HSD1）与前脂肪细胞分化的关系，探讨11β-HSD1在前脂肪细胞分化及肥胖中的作用。

The notable proliferation was not observed by eyes in the local of injection. The infiltration of inflammation cells and mild proliferation of fibrocyte around dura mater was observed by HE stained in 4 and 8 weeks after injection. Infiltration and exudation of inflammation cells was observed by HE stained in epidural nerve root. Compared with group A, no changes of group B, C and D were observed under specific stained. Proliferation of type Ⅱ collagen fibers around dura mater was seen under immunohistochemical stained in 4 and 8 weeks after injection. There is no significant demyelination changes under LFB stained. The thickness and shape of the myelin sheath in epidural nerve root was not regular under transmission electronic microscopy in 4 and 8 weeks after injection. Fibroblast was also seen there. In nerve endometrium, macrophage could be seen under TEM, myelinated nerve fiber changed significantly, but nonmyelinated nerve fiber changed mildly. When 8 weeks, the changes of group D is smaller than the group B and C.

给药局部肉眼观察未见明显的纤维组织增生；HE染色可见B、C、D三组给药后四周及八周时硬膜内外均有炎细胞浸润，纤维细胞轻度增生，硬膜外神经根内有炎细胞浸润及炎性渗出；特殊染色B、C、D三组同A组相比未见有脊髓及神经根的改变；免疫组化染色，给药后四周及八周时，硬膜内外均有Ⅱ型胶原纤维增生；固兰染色B、C、D三组未见有明显脱髓鞘改变，与A组相比无明显异常改变；电镜观察B、C、D三组在给药后的四周及八周时，表现为硬膜外神经根内髓鞘厚薄不一，形状不规则，可见成纤维细胞，神经内膜中可见有巨噬细胞；粗大的有髓神经纤维变化明显，无髓神经纤维受累较轻；八周时电镜下D组改变较B、C两组为轻。

Biological treatment of saline wastewater presents unique difficulties as a result of plasmolysis of microorganisms which can cause microorganism death in the presence of high salt concentrations.

因为盐析作用可致使微生物的脱氢酶活性降低，同时水的渗透压也会升高，使微生物细胞脱水引起细胞原生质分离，从而导致微生物细胞破裂而死亡。

Objectives: To observe apoptosis and the expression of bcl-2、bax protein in the peri -hematomal brain region of Intracerebral Hemorrhage patients; so as to investigate into the relationship among neural apoptosis、the expression of Bcl-2、Bax pro -tein and Sthenia ZHENG、Protration ZHENG,as well as the relationship among apoptosis、hematoma volume and the scores of nervous impairment, to inquir the eff -ect of apoptosis in delayed neural injury following ICH and then to provide the mole -cular biology standard for the microcosmic syndrome differentiation with TCM to quest for new treatment.

目的：本课题旨在对脑出血患者血肿周围组织细胞凋亡和凋亡调控基因Bcl -2、Bax表达情况的观察。探讨中医出血中风闭脱证与细胞凋亡及Bcl-2、Bax表达的关系，及细胞凋亡与出血量、临床神经功能缺损积分的关系，从而探讨细胞凋亡在脑出血后继发性神经细胞损伤中的作用，为中医微观辨证提供分子生物学水平的依据，为探索中西医结合治疗脑出血的新途径提供理论指导。

METHODS: The BEC were preincubated with crocetin (1, 0.1 and 0.01 μmol/L) for 12 h, then exposed to AGE (100 mg/L). The RAGE mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR analysis, the intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) was measured by ELISA. The extracellular superoxide ion and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were assessed with superoxide ion kit and colorimetric assay, respectively The intracellular I2O2 was also detected using the probe 2,7-dichlorofluorescein. The mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial Succinate dehydrogenase were analyzed by the retention of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) and MTT.

不同浓度的西红花酸(1、0.1、0.01μmol/L)预孵BEC细胞12h后，用AGE(100mg/L)刺激细胞12h，RT-PCR法测定RAGEmRNA的表达水平；ELISA法测定细胞间黏附分子－(ICAM-1)的表达；试剂盒分别检测胞外超氧阴离子和硫代巴比妥酸反应产物浓度；同时，还用2，7-二氯荧光素测定了胞内H2O2的浓度，并用罗丹明123(Rh123)荧光法及MTT法分别检测细胞线粒体膜电位水平和其琥珀酸脱氢酶的活性。

Through upregulating the production of MMPs in deciduas and chorionic villi, the upregulation of the expression of EMMPRIN in syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast column of the villi in the threatened abortion can degenerate deciduas and denudates embryo.

发生先兆流产时合体滋养细胞、细胞滋养层柱所表达的EMMPRIN增强可能通过上调绒毛及蜕膜组织中基质金属蛋白酶的水平，降解细胞外基质，使绒毛剥离、蜕膜组织剥脱。

The biomechanical tests showed that two kinds of artificial bones had not significant difference on compressive strength and Young\'s modulus(P＞0.05),while the flexural strength of nano-nacre artificial bone was less than the control group(P＜0.05).3.The results of CCK-8 showed that the difference were not significant in each group,the proliferation of osteoblast reached the peak at the 5th day;7 days after being co-cultured,the total protein content of study group was higher than control group and blank group(P＜0.05),while the difference between control group and blank group was not significantP＞0.05The difference of alkaline phosphatase activities among three groups was not significant(P＞0.05The SEM view showed that osteoblast attached and grew well in two kinds of artificial bone.4.X-ray photography showed that two kinds of powder started to degrade in 2 weeks;this phenomenon became more appear in 4 weeks,nano-nacre powder degraded faster than micron-nacre powder,while the hole shadow was easy to be found;in 8 weeks,all the femoral holes recovered and returned to normal bone mineral density in all groups.Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone grew fastest around the bone defect area in study group,while most slowly in blank groupP＜0.05 SEM(scanning electron microscope observation showed that nano-nacre powder degraded more quickly.The same result can be found through the demineralized sections morphometric analysis,and both of the composite artificial bones made from those two kinds of nacre powder had the good connection with the adjacent tissue in rats body without apparent inflammatory response.5.X-ray photography showed that rabbit\'s bone defects healed faster in study group since NNAB implanted than in control group since MNAB implanted.At 24 weeks after operation,bone density in radial defects had nearly accessed to the normal area,while lower in control group,and turned up nonunion in blank group;The checking of BMD showed that results in study group were higher than those in control group at 8,16 and 24 week(P＜0.05), and the difference between the BMD values in study group at 24 week and those in blank group was not significant(P＞0.05).The gross specimens showed satisfactory histocompatibility both in study group and in control group,with bone tissue growing from two sides into the center of implanted materials; Normal slices in HE stain and hard tissue grinding slices in Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin stain showed that the bone growth tendency was better in study group than that in control group,and the medullary cavity had been penetrated to the implanted materials in study group at 24 week;Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone in both groups grew fastest 8 weeks after surgery,while slow down at 16 week.

纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨分别与成骨细胞共培养后，其各时间点CCK-8法检测值与空白对照无显著差异(P＞0.05)，成骨细胞均在第5天达到增殖高峰期；培养7天后，实验组细胞蛋白含量高于对照组及空白组(P＜0.05)，后两者之间则无显著差异P＞0.05碱性磷酸酶活性在三组间均无显著差异(P＞0.05电镜下可见成骨细胞在两种人工骨上都有良好生长贴附能力。4.X-ray显示两种粉体在大鼠股骨骨洞植入第2周时都开始出现了降解，第4周时更为明显，纳米珍珠层粉较之微米珍珠层粉降解更快，而空白对照组骨洞阴影仍可见，至8周时，则所有组骨洞均己闭合修复，X-ray下已不可见原钻孔痕迹，恢复正常骨质密度；硬组织磨片四环素荧光双标记结果显示纳米珍珠层粉植入组较其余两组在骨缺损区周围新骨生长速度更快，空白组速度最慢P＜0.05电镜观察及常规脱钙切片亦可见到纳米粉体降解较快；由以上两种原材料制得的纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨在大鼠体内均与周围组织结合良好，无明显炎症反应。5.X-ray显示纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入兔桡骨缺损区后其骨愈合速度较对照组微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入的快，至植入术后24周，实验组骨缺损区接近正常骨密度，对照组骨缺损区密度较低，空白组则呈现骨不连状态；骨密度测量结果显示术后8周、16周、24周实验组的骨密度值高于对照组(P＜0.05，24周实验组的骨密度值与术前所测得的正常值无显著性差异P＞0.05动物取材大体所见均显示组织相容性良好，骨组织逐渐由植入材料两端向中央生长；常规切片HE染色及硬组织磨片Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin联合染色均可见实验组骨缺损区长势优于对照组，至术后24周，实验组骨髓腔与材料已呈相交通状；硬组织磨片荧光显微镜下观察，两组材料在术后8周处于骨生长最快速时期，16周时速度开始减慢，术后4、8、16周时实验组的新骨生长速度均较对照组的快

Allogeneic and syngeneic fresh bone, autolyzed antigen-extracted bone, bone matrix gelatin, demineralized bone matrix were implanted into the muscle pouch of mice, at different times after implantation, the immunological, histological and alkaline phosphatase assay were conducted. The results revealed that all four kinds of allogeneic implants activated specific cellular and humoral immune responses, most notably in fresh bone group, the AAA, BMG and DBM inhibited the proliferation of the lymphocytes in vitro and BMG had the most powerful inhibiting action, allogeneic AAA, BMG and DBM might induce heterotopic osteogenesis in vivo, however, there were obvious difference in ALP and histomorphometry between allografts and isografts.

在小鼠肌肉内植入同种异体或同系新鲜骨、自消化抗原去除骨、骨基质明胶、脱钙骨基质，术后免疫学、碱性磷酸酶、组织学检查发现：4种同种异体植入物均可引发特异性细胞免疫反应和体液免疫反应，其中以新鲜骨移植引发的免疫反应最为显著；自消化抗原去除骨、骨基质明胶、脱钙骨基质在体外具有抑制淋巴细胞增殖的作用，骨基质明胶对淋巴细胞增殖的抑制作用最显著；同种异体与同系4种植入物在体内成骨活性有显著差异；自消化抗原去除骨、骨基质明胶、脱钙骨基质均有异位诱导成骨活性，其中骨基质明胶骨诱导活性最佳。

Using whole-cell patch clamp recording, we observed multiple distinct ATPinduced currents in isolated DRG neurons of adult rats, each with unique desensitizing kinetics.β,γ-meATP, agonist of P2X1 receptor also induced fast inactivating and slowly desensitization current in small DRG neurons. PDBu, a selective agonist for PKC, decreased the P2X receptor-mediated inward currents in a dose-dependent manner, while SNP, nitric oxide donor, potentiated the ATP-evoked current through NO-cGMP pathway.

全细胞膜片钳记录观察到，在成年鼠离体DRG伤害性感受相关的小直径神经元上，ATP可诱导出多种具不同反应型式及脱敏动力学的由P2X受体介导的内向流；P2X1受体激动剂β，γ-meATP亦可诱导出快脱敏及慢脱敏两种型式的内向流；PKC激动剂可剂量依赖地削弱P2X受体介导的内向流，而NO供体硝普钠可通过NO-cGMP通途显著易化ATP介导的内向流。

Dehydroascorbate reductase catalyzes the re-reduction of DHA to ascorbate by glutathione. Thus, dehydroascorbate reductase is critical for protection of cellular components against oxidative injury.

脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶以谷胱甘肽为底物，催化脱氢抗坏血酸还原为抗坏血酸，在循环利用抗坏血酸、保护细胞组分抵御氧化损伤中发挥重要的作用。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。