脱水剂

In the step of esterification, dehydration of boric acid and then esterifying with phenol were carried out in order to increase conversion of esterification. Effect of reaction temperature, consumption of boric acid, kinds and consumption of dehydrolating agent on the yield of esterification was studied. The experimental results showed that high conversion of 98% of esterification was obtained.

本实验将酯化反应分解为脱水反应步骤和酯化反应步骤，以便提高酯化反应收率，同时，考察了反应温度、硼酸用量、带水剂种类及用量对酯化反应收率的影响，实验结果表明，该步反应条件简便易操作，反应转化率达98%。

According to the Box-Benhnken design principle,the method of response surface method with 3 factors and 3 levels was used. The factors influencing the technological parameters were determined by means of regression analysis. Response surfaces were finally graphed with the yield as the response value. The synthesis conditions were optimized as follows:reaction reagent was NBS,stoichiometric proportion between NBS and anhydrovinblastine was 1.07; the dosage of TFA was 22 mL/L; reaction temperature was －68 ℃ and duration was 90 min.

在单因素实验基础上，根据Box-Benhnken实验设计原理，采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法，研究了各个因素及其交互作用后，得到了合成7′-Br-脱水长春碱的最佳工艺条件：以二氯甲烷为溶剂，采用NBS为溴代剂，其用量与底物的物质的量比为1.07∶1，TFA的加入量22 mL/L，在－68 ℃下反应90 min，终止反应后，得到卤代产物。

The alkaline cementitiuos properties of calcining clay which contain kaoline and quartz is studied.

研究了含高岭石和石英的粘土加热脱水后，在碱激发剂的作用下系统的胶凝性质。

Never use alcohol based lotions or nail polish removers as they tend to weaken the nails and dehydrate them.

切勿使用酒精为基础润肤剂或指甲油removers因为它们往往削弱了钉子和脱水他们。

As one of the most important osmoregulation actor, firstly,Proline plays a keyrole in the osmotic potential adjustment in plant cells. Secondly, Proline can preventNaCl from damaging the structure of biomacromolecule in cells. Thirdly, the highdissolubility and non-rejection capability of Proline can enlarge the solution volumnof the cell, so the concentration of salt will be diminished in cytoplasm and the saltstress will be relieved. Forthly, the accumulation of Proline could prevent thedehydrolysis from sap cavity in cytoplasm. Fifthly, the synthesis of plant chlorophyllwill be diminished under the salt stress, but the Proline can provide request ofchlorophyll synthesis.

脯氨酸作为渗透调节剂对植物体细胞渗透势的变化起重要作用：一，在盐胁迫下，脯氨酸在植物体内是一种重要的渗透调节剂，它是一些高等植物和绿藻抗盐和抗旱的主要渗透剂之一；二，脯氨酸可以保护细胞中的生物大分子的结构，使之不被NaCl破坏，并能维持其完整的水合范围；三，脯氨酸的高度溶解性以及其对植物各种酶活性不抑制性，可以扩大细胞的溶解容积，从而降低细胞质液中盐的浓度，减轻盐的胁迫作用；四，细胞质中积累的大量脯氨酸可以防止液泡对细胞质的脱水作用；五，在盐胁迫下，植物叶绿素的合成受到抑制，叶绿素的合成需要脯氨酸。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。