脑震荡

An injury to an organ, especially the brain, produced by a violent blow and followed by a temporary or prolonged loss of function.

脑震荡脑震荡，对器官特别是大脑因受猛烈撞击而造成暂时或长期的功能丧失伤害

Doctor: Your check result very normally has no concussion of brain, so you can trust.

医生：你的检查结果很正常，没有脑震荡，所以你可以放心。

The CDC also provides a guide for recognizing signs of concussion and measures to help prevent them.

中心还提供了一个识别脑震荡的症状和预防脑震荡的方法的指南。

Cher: If it's a concussion, you have to keep her conscious, okay?

切尔：如果是脑震荡，你一定要她保持意识，好么？

I think I might have a concussion.

我想我可能有脑震荡。

Yeah, I think I got a concussion.

我觉得我得了脑震荡

The model of brain concussion of rat can be established successfully using iron pendulum hitting device; 2. The spatial learning and memory deficits of the rats are detected by MWM in early period post-BC(from 1 to 3 days after BC); 3. Pycnosis degeneration or necrosis neurons of the cerebral cortex, dorsal hippocampus, dentate fornix and brainstem reticular formation are identified in BC rats; 4. There are significantly changes in the number and activity of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and brainstem reticular formation after BC; 5. The change of cerebral neurons and cholinergic neurons correlate with cognitive deficits in BC rats .

1、单摆式闭合性机械打击装置能成功建立脑震荡大鼠模型；2、脑震荡大鼠在MWM实验中出现早期空间认知行为障碍；3、脑震荡大鼠大脑皮质、背侧海马、齿状回和脑干网状结构出现程度不等的部分神经元固缩变性和不完全性坏死；4、脑震荡大鼠基底前脑、脑干网状结构ChAT活性表达有明显变化；5、脑震荡大鼠认知障碍与相关脑区神经元、胆碱能神经元的变化有关联。

Methods: A brain concussion was produced in rats using a simple pendulum device model. One control (n=12) and six experimental groups were used(n=12 in each group). The cerebral concussion groups were assigned to sacrifice times ranging from 1 day to 24days after injury.A Morris Water Maze memory paradigm was used to assess learning and memory function. Pycnosis degeneration or necrosis neurons in the locus cerebral cortex, dorsal hippocampus, dentate fornix and brainstem reticular formation were observed and counted after brain concussion. Cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and brainstem reticular formation were identified and quantitated using choline acetyltransferase.

应用自制单摆式闭合性机械打击装置建立脑震荡大鼠模型；成年SD大鼠随机分为1个对照组(n=12)和6个脑震荡组(即伤后1、2、4、8、16、24d，n=12)；应用Morris水迷宫(Morris Water Maze，MWM)实验评价大鼠的学习记忆功能；用光镜对大鼠的上述脑区的固缩变性坏死细胞进行观察和计数；用免疫组化方法检测基底前脑和脑干网状结构的胆碱乙酰转移酶(cholin acetyltransferase，ChAT)阳性细胞的表达。

In a comparison of 231 concussed high school and college athletes with 50 nonconcussed age- and sex-matched controls, ImPACT accurately identified the concussed athletes. At two and five days after injury, the concussed athletes performed significantly worse than the controls in memory, processing speed, and reaction time, and memory deficits persisted in some athletes to the eighth postinjury day. Although many athletes report improved symptoms by the fifth day postinjury, recovery time from concussion could take up to 10 days.

将231名曾有脑震荡的高中、运动员跟50 名没有脑震荡者进行计较，依年龄和性别配对，ImPACT准确的确定出曾有脑震荡的运动员，受伤后第二天和第五天，脑震荡运动员在记忆力、处理速度、反应时间、记忆缺失等方面表现明显较差，这个情形在一些运动员身上持续至受伤后第八天，虽然很多运动员报告第五天的时候症状改善，脑震荡的恢复时间需要10天。

Methods Randomly choose 32 patients of occipital or forehead contrecoup brain concussion as a case group,and random 32 patients of brain concussion on other head parts as a control group.Record the severity of clinical symptoms and the treatment time of the two groups,then compare and analysis the results.

选取32例枕部或额部对冲脑震荡患者作为病例组，另外随机抽取32例其他部位伤脑震荡患者作为对照组，记录两组患者的临床症状轻重及治疗时间，并进行比较分析。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。