脑软化

The concentration of interleukins (IL-1 and IL-2) in the serum of the chickens with encephalomalacia had a significantly variance.

脑软化雏鸡血清中白介素（IL-1和IL-2）含量差异显著或极显著低于C组，说明白介素含量的变化是脑软化雏鸡免疫抑制的机制之一。

The trial model with chicken encephalomalacia was set up successfully by using the feed of low content of V〓 and supplying excessive unsaturated fatty acid in feed in the study The method was simple and practiced.

本实验通过采用低V〓饲料和添加过量UFA，成功复制出雏鸡脑软化模型，此方法简单易行，可比性强，为建立雏鸡脑软化模型提供了新的途径。

The E-C〓bR and E-ICR in chickens with encephalomalacia chicks were significantly lower than that of healthy ones. The results indicated that the immune function of erythrocyte in those chicken were inhibited markedly.

脑软化雏鸡的红细胞C〓b花环率极显著（P.01）低于C组，红细胞免疫复合物花环率极显著（P.01）高于C组，说明脑软化雏鸡红细胞的免疫调节功能受到明显抑制。

The protein and phospholipid constituent in membrane of neurocyte in brain of chicken with encephalomalacia was separated and studied with the method of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and the method of high performance-thin layer chromatography respectively The fluidity of neurocyte membrane of chicken with encephalomalacia was determined for the first time The content of Ca and trace elements were determined in chicken encephalomalacia systematically and the status of Fe ion in cerebellum was observed. The activity of enzymes that were relative to metabolism of energy and neuro-medium in brain were checked systematically with the method of enzyme-histochemistry. Pathological examination was carried out by microscopic and ultramicroscopic observation. The apoptosis of neurocyte in brain was checked.

在进行临床观察、定期剖杀并检测体内V〓含量、体重和脑重的基础上，重点研究了与神经损伤有关的以下几个方面的内容：系统地检测了体内自由基代谢和抗氧化系统功能的变化；首次采用SDS-PAGE电泳法分离并检测了雏鸡脑软化症神经细胞膜蛋白组分，并以高效薄层层析法检测神经细胞膜磷脂组分；测定了脑软化症雏鸡神经细胞膜的膜流动性；首次系统检测了脑软化症雏鸡体内钙及微量元素含量，并进行了小脑组织总铁离子状态观察；采用酶组织化学方法系统地观察了脑组织中与脑能量代谢和神经递质有关的酶的活性；对相关组织进行了病理组织学和超微结构观察；并对脑组织中神经细胞的凋亡进行了检测。

The trial model with chicken encephalomalacia was set up by using the feed of low congtent of V〓 and supplying excessive unsaturated fatty acid in feed for studying the molecular mechanism of chicken encephalomalacia in the study. On the basis of observing the symptom and postmortem examination in clinic and determining the content of V〓, the bodyweight, the weight of cerebrum and cerebellum, the focus of the study was on follows which were relative to neuropathic injury. The concentration of free radical and the function of antioxidant defense system of chicken with encephalomalacia were determined systematically.

中文题名雏鸡脑软化症的分子机理副题名外文题名 The molecular mechanism of chicken encephalomalacia 论文作者王振勇导师石发庆教授学科专业临床兽医学研究领域\研究方向动物营养代谢病学位级别博士学位授予单位东北农业大学学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数110页关键词雏鸡脑软化鸡馆藏号BSLW /2003 /S858 /7 为了深入探讨雏鸡脑软化症发病的分子机理，本课题通过在采用低V〓饲料和添加过量UFA建立了雏鸡脑软化症实验模型。

A series of indexes reflecting free radical changes, anti-oxidations, Immune function, endocrine function was studied by Chemiluminescence method, immunoturbidimetry, ANAE dye method, micro-hemagglutination inhibition test and radio immunoassay in the chicken with encephalomalicia induced by giving the feed being deficient in VE and extra fish oil artificially. The pathological changes including microscopic and ultramicroscopic changes in the relative organs and tissues were observed.

本实验以一日龄150只海兰兰蛋鸡为实验动物，用低维生素E且添加鱼油日粮饲喂雏鸡，复制脑软化症动物模型，采用化学发光法、免疫浊度测定法、酸性α-醋酸萘脂酶染色法、微量血凝抑制试验、放射免疫测定技术等方法系统地检测了脑软化雏鸡的自由基代谢和抗氧化功能、红细胞免疫功能、细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能及非特异性免疫功能等指标，并对患雏病理组织进行了显微及超微结构观察。

Results According the MRI characteristric of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopath sequela:(1)The most common findings were white matter injury in 47 cases:①Periventricular leukomalacia in 23 cases;②Selective cerebral neuronal necrosis of basilar node lentiform nucleus and optic colliculus in 9 cases;③Corpus callosum damaged in 15 cases;(2)The most damaged of grey matter in 18 cases;(3)Focal or multifocal ischemic crerbral intenerate in 9 cases;(4)Diffuse crerbral injury in 5 cases.

结果 根据儿童缺血缺氧性脑病后遗症的MRI影像特点，将其分为：(1)脑白质损伤为主：47例；①脑室周围脑白质脱髓鞘、软化：23例；②基底节豆状核、视丘神经元选择性损害：9例；③胼胝体受损变薄：15例；(2)脑灰质损害为主：18例；(3)局部或多处脑软化：9例；(4)广泛脑损害：5例。

Results According the MRI characteristric of hypoxic\|ischemic encephalopath sequela:(1)The most common findings were white matter injury in 47 cases:①Periventricular leukomalacia in 23 cases;②Selective cerebral neuronal necrosis of basilar node lentiform nucleus and optic colliculus in 9 case...

结果 根据儿童缺血缺氧性脑病后遗症的MRI影像特点，将其分为：（1）脑白质损伤为主：47 例；①脑室周围脑白质脱髓鞘、软化：23 例；②基底节豆状核、视丘神经元选择性损害：9 例；③胼胝体受损变薄：15 例；（2）脑灰质损害为主：18 例；（3）局部或多处脑软化：9 例；（4）广泛脑损害：5 例。

Results: Cerebral low density lesion was absorbed in 3 months;HIE might cause ext ernal hydrocephalus at 3rd-6th month,and EH disappeared one year later;HIE might cause periventricular leukomalacia after the 3rd month.The incidenc e of PVL was 11.6%,64.3%and 80%,respectively with mild,moderate and severe degree HIE,and that of severe degree PVL was 20%,33.3%and 75%. Severe degree HI E might cause cerebral malacia and atrophy (80%) in 2 months.

结果：HIE所致脑低密度灶在生后3个月内吸收消失；3～6个月时可引起外部性脑积水，1岁以后，EH的表现消失；3个月及以后可引起脑室周围白质软化症，其中轻、中、重度HIE的PVL发生率为11.6 ％、64.3％和80％；重度PVL的发生率为20％、33.3 ％和75％；重度HIE在2个月内可引起脑软化和脑萎缩(80％)。

Rnsults There were brain areas that distributing of radioactivity diminution in interictal SPECT in all 69 cases ,and there were brain areas distributing of radioactivity heighten in ictal SPECT in all 69 cases.

结论伽玛刀治疗脑软化灶导致的癫痫是有效的，而且无痛苦、无出血、无感染、无死亡、术后恢复快，其中以局限性发作效果最好；对脑软化灶导致癫痫的患者行SPECT检查，只有发作间期放射性分布减低和发作期增高在同一脑区才被确认为致痫灶；以上方法可明显缩小靶区体积。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。