脑白质

The findings suggest structural disconnections in the anterior cingulum in patients with schizophrenia.

对于脑内较大的白质纤维扣带束，精神分裂症患者存在前部的白质完整性的损害，而后部未见损害。

RESULTS: Fluorescein concentrated cell presented extensively around micro-vessels after injection of both FA and FD. The speed of diffusion of FD in the brain was faster than that of FA. After FA injection, fluorescein concentrated image presented also around vessels, which developed to the distal along vessels, those in the cortex developed toward cerebral surface and those in the white substance toward ventral basicranial vessels of brain. The speed and distance were all bigger than the simple diffusion.

结果：注入FA，FD之后均可见微血管周围广泛分布荧光浓集细胞；FD在脑内扩散速度大于FA；FA注入后还出现血管周围荧光浓集影像，并沿血管通向远处，在皮质者通向脑表面，在白质者通向脑腹侧颅底血管，速度与距离均大于简单扩散。

Typical signs and symptoms: affection of white matter transduction bundle of spinal cord, optic nerve, periventriclular white matter, brain stem and cerebella .

典型的症状和体征：脊髓的白质传导束、视神经、脑室周围白质、脑干和小脑的病变。

Results: Cerebral low density lesion was absorbed in 3 months;HIE might cause ext ernal hydrocephalus at 3rd-6th month,and EH disappeared one year later;HIE might cause periventricular leukomalacia after the 3rd month.The incidenc e of PVL was 11.6%,64.3%and 80%,respectively with mild,moderate and severe degree HIE,and that of severe degree PVL was 20%,33.3%and 75%. Severe degree HI E might cause cerebral malacia and atrophy (80%) in 2 months.

结果：HIE所致脑低密度灶在生后3个月内吸收消失；3～6个月时可引起外部性脑积水，1岁以后，EH的表现消失；3个月及以后可引起脑室周围白质软化症，其中轻、中、重度HIE的PVL发生率为11.6 ％、64.3％和80％；重度PVL的发生率为20％、33.3 ％和75％；重度HIE在2个月内可引起脑软化和脑萎缩(80％)。

Of the 26 lesions with pontine and bulbar involvement, three had no association with other lesions (Fig 2). Twelve were associated with tegmental and superior cerebellar peduncular extension, and six showed corticospinal tract involvement in continuity with an MDJ lesion. In one patient with additional telencephalic lesions, the right side of the pons was hyperintense on long TR/TE images that did not cross the midline, suggestive of an arterial lesion (Fig 3). In two patients with pontine tegmental lesions, there was an associated middle cerebellar peduncle and deep cerebellar white matter involvement (Fig 4). Two others had associated cervical lesions.

在26处脑桥延髓区病灶中，3处病灶仅限于脑桥延髓区，其它部位无病灶（图2）；12处病灶还同时伴有背盖部和小脑上脚/结合臂处病灶；6处病灶为与中脑-间脑接合处病灶相连的皮质脊髓束受累；还有1例患者除端脑见病灶外，右侧脑桥于T2像也见高信号病灶，但未超越正中线，提示可能系动脉病变所致（图3）；2例脑桥背盖部病灶的患者同时伴有小脑中脚/小脑脑桥脚和小脑深部白质受累（图4）；还有2处脑桥延髓区病灶还同时伴有颈髓病灶。

Objective To study the characteristics and the diagnostic value of CT and MRI imaging in spongiform leukoencephalopathy after inhaling heroin vapor.

目的 研究CT及MRI对因吸食海洛因引起海绵状白质脑病的特征性影像学诊断价值方法分析5例海洛因海绵状白质脑病的临床特点、影像、病理组织改变，总结CT和MRI诊断要点。

Objective To study the MR findings and its relationship with clinical manifestions of cerebral palsy caused by hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.The pathological mechanisms of MR findings were also explored.Methods The MR findings of14patients with cerebral palsy caused by hypoxic-ischemic damage were studied retrospectively and correlated with clinical findings.All those patients underwent MRI.Cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter,deep white matter,basal regions and thalami,and ventricles and subarachnoid space were observed on T1WI and T2WI.

目的 通过分析14例缺氧缺血性脑损伤所致脑瘫的MR成像特点及临床表现，讨论了该病的MRI表现与临床表现的相关性，以及MRI表现的病理损伤机制方法对14例缺氧缺血性脑损伤所致脑瘫患儿行MR检查，在T1WI及T2WI上对脑皮层及皮层下白质、深部白质、基底节、丘脑、以及脑室和蛛网膜下腔等部位进行观察。

Although classic neuroimaging features of RPLS with involvement of the posterior head regions are easily recognized, features that may generally be regarded as atypical were often present in our patients, such as significant anterior involvement, cortical lesions, recurrent RPLS episodes, foci of permanent injury, hemorrhage into lesions, and unilaterality (Figure 1). High signal intensity on T2-weighted image lesions can occur in regions other than the parieto-occipital areas, frequently involving the frontal lobes, basal ganglia, thalami, or brainstem.

可逆性后部白质脑病综合征典型的神经影像学表现为大脑后部受累，尽管这一点很早就被公认；但可逆性后部白质脑病综合征不典型的神经影像学表现，在本文的患者中则更常见，如：大脑前部明显受累、皮层出现病灶、可逆性后部白质脑病综合征再次发作、脑永久性损伤灶形成、病灶内出血、仅见单侧病灶（图1）；T2像常可于额叶、基底节区、丘脑、脑干等顶-枕叶以外的区域见高信号病灶。

Objective: To study the relationship between polymorphisms of apolipoprotein E gene and leukoaraiosis.

目的：探讨载脂蛋白E基因多态性与脑白质疏松症的关系。

The imaging findings are bilateral symmetry cortical and subcortical edema in the posterior areas of the brain.

影像学特点为双侧、对称性后部脑白质较大范围的病变。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。