脑损伤

Objective To study GFAP changes of astrocyte and expression of Endothelin-1 in molecular pathology in brainstem injury of human being and explore its forensic medical significance.

目的 研究星形胶质细胞GFAP和ET-1的表达在脑干损伤的分子病理学改变并探讨对脑干损伤法医学鉴定中的意义。

Results In 36 patients,CT was useful for the diagnosis of fracture,subarachnoid hemorrhage and multiple brain contusions,but missed 2 patients with brain contusion,5 patients with axis cylinders injury and 1 patient with subdural hematoma.MRI was more sensitive compared to CT with a miss of 3 patients with fractures,1 patient with axis cylinder injury and 4 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

结果 36例中，CT对骨折、蛛网膜下腔出血及多发脑挫裂伤显示较好，但漏检2例脑挫裂伤、5例轴索损伤和1例硬膜下血肿；MRI病灶检出率较CT高，但MRI有3例骨折、1例轴索损伤和4例蛛网膜下腔出血不能检出。

Apoptosis was induced by hypoxia injury in the NSCs, the amount of apoptosis in the group treated with NYA serum was significantly lower than that of model group and normal-serum group. It suggested that NYA serum can inhibit the NSCs apoptosis.

培养神经干细胞缺氧损伤后发生凋亡，脑溢安血清组凋亡细胞数显著低于模型组和正常血清组，提示脑溢安能减少缺氧损伤神经干细胞凋亡。

Cultured NSCs appeared damage after 6h of hypoxia, the amount of survival NSCs in the group treated with NYA serum was significantly higher than that of model group and normal-serum group. It suggested that NYA serum can promote the NSCs survival.

培养神经干细胞缺氧损伤后大量死亡，脑溢安血清组存活细胞数显著高于模型组和正常血清组，提示脑溢安能促进缺氧损伤神经干细胞存活。

Methods The contusive and lacerated brain tissues 3 to 9 hours after TBI were collected, and the expressions of NGF protein of the aged group (≥ 60 years old) and young group (19 to 59 years old) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis system, to determine the possible susceptibility differences in the expression of NGF protein between the two groups.

收集重型颅脑损伤开颅手术中的脑挫裂伤组织，应用免疫组化和医学数码图像分析技术，观察老年组（≥60岁）和青壮年组（19～59岁）病人脑损伤后3～9 h 脑挫裂伤组织NGF蛋白的表达差异。

Objective To investigate the effects of Gentiana water extract on the heat shock protein 70 expression in global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits.

目的 观察秦艽水煎液对家兔全脑缺血再灌注损伤模型热休克蛋白70(HSP70)表达的影响，探讨Gentiana water exact 对全脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护机制。

Focal ischemia induced by photochemically thrombotic distal middle cerebral artery occlusion model to adult rats results in necrosis at the infarct core and activation of complex signal pathways for cell death and cell survival in the penumbra. The effects of ghrelin on regional cerebral blood flow in penumbra areas used by a laser Doppler Flowmeter.

本实验室前期工作初步证明ghrelin可保护谷氨酸及脂多糖诱导的原代培养大鼠脑皮质神经元的损伤，也能减少线栓大脑中动脉引起的脑梗塞体积，说明ghrelin对脑缺血引起的神经元损伤具有一定的神经保护作用，有可能成为一个内源性神经保护多肽，具有重要的理论价值和实践意义，值得深入研究。

Although classic neuroimaging features of RPLS with involvement of the posterior head regions are easily recognized, features that may generally be regarded as atypical were often present in our patients, such as significant anterior involvement, cortical lesions, recurrent RPLS episodes, foci of permanent injury, hemorrhage into lesions, and unilaterality (Figure 1). High signal intensity on T2-weighted image lesions can occur in regions other than the parieto-occipital areas, frequently involving the frontal lobes, basal ganglia, thalami, or brainstem.

可逆性后部白质脑病综合征典型的神经影像学表现为大脑后部受累，尽管这一点很早就被公认；但可逆性后部白质脑病综合征不典型的神经影像学表现，在本文的患者中则更常见，如：大脑前部明显受累、皮层出现病灶、可逆性后部白质脑病综合征再次发作、脑永久性损伤灶形成、病灶内出血、仅见单侧病灶（图1）；T2像常可于额叶、基底节区、丘脑、脑干等顶-枕叶以外的区域见高信号病灶。

The maxillofacial and brain injuries were examined. Craniptomy was done to animals of impact injury 6 hours after damage, however it was done to animals of explosive injury in different time point (1 hour, 24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days, 14 days after damage). The pathological characteristics of corelative tissues were examined in detail under light and electron microscopes. The content of LPO, SOD, NO in soft tissue, brain, blood, and cerebral water content were measured, compared with control. The distribution and tissue location of NOS were studied by histochemistical and immunohistochemistic methods. Their relationship was studied to assess the pathological and physiological characteristics of maxillofacial injuries and brain damage associated.

撞击伤各组动物于伤后6h、爆炸伤各组动物于伤后不同时期（1h、24h、72h、7d、14d）开颅检查颅脑损伤情况，切取伤区肌组织、左侧脑组织、脑干标本行光镜、电镜观察；测定伤后肌组织、脑组织与血中LPO、SOD、NO含量及脑水含量变化；并使用组织化学和免疫组织化学的方法，观察伤后脑组织中NOS的分布和组织定位，研究伤后机体的病理及病理生理学改变特点，以及颅脑损伤与机体自由基反应、NO含量改变之间的关系，证实其病理作用。

The early intervention on haematoma surround tissue by early input oxygenised liquid during hypertensive cerebral haemorrhage surgery that could effectively relieve cerebral oedema and improve cerebral ischemic hypoxia to save reversibly injured neurons surrounding haematoma,is an effective intervention, which is helpful to the cerebral protection in the patients with hypertensive cerebral haemorrhage.

在高血压脑出血术中早期输入携氧液对血肿脑周围组织提供早期干预，有效减轻脑水肿，改善脑组织缺血缺氧，挽救血肿周围可逆性损伤的神经元是一项有效的措施，有利于高血压脑出血患者的脑保护。

The X-ray diffract was used to analyze the crystal structure of the composite. Results show that after the talc was treated with blend coupling agent, the crystal structure of talc changed, and effect Intercalation phenomenon.

通过X射线衍射分析可知，用混合偶联剂对滑石粉进行预处理后，滑石粉晶体结构发生改变，产生了插层现象，使PP／滑石粉复合材料为纳米复合材料。

An authentic Maui wedding might require the services of a 'kahu', which is a Hawaiian minister.

毛伊可能需要一个真实婚礼服务'kahu'，这是夏威夷部长。