脑损伤

The protein and phospholipid constituent in membrane of neurocyte in brain of chicken with encephalomalacia was separated and studied with the method of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and the method of high performance-thin layer chromatography respectively The fluidity of neurocyte membrane of chicken with encephalomalacia was determined for the first time The content of Ca and trace elements were determined in chicken encephalomalacia systematically and the status of Fe ion in cerebellum was observed. The activity of enzymes that were relative to metabolism of energy and neuro-medium in brain were checked systematically with the method of enzyme-histochemistry. Pathological examination was carried out by microscopic and ultramicroscopic observation. The apoptosis of neurocyte in brain was checked.

在进行临床观察、定期剖杀并检测体内V〓含量、体重和脑重的基础上，重点研究了与神经损伤有关的以下几个方面的内容：系统地检测了体内自由基代谢和抗氧化系统功能的变化；首次采用SDS-PAGE电泳法分离并检测了雏鸡脑软化症神经细胞膜蛋白组分，并以高效薄层层析法检测神经细胞膜磷脂组分；测定了脑软化症雏鸡神经细胞膜的膜流动性；首次系统检测了脑软化症雏鸡体内钙及微量元素含量，并进行了小脑组织总铁离子状态观察；采用酶组织化学方法系统地观察了脑组织中与脑能量代谢和神经递质有关的酶的活性；对相关组织进行了病理组织学和超微结构观察；并对脑组织中神经细胞的凋亡进行了检测。

Promoting the synthesis and excretion of endogenous BDNF and GDNF in brain of ICH injury rats, decreasing degeneration and necrosis of neuron after ICH, perhaps there are the important of protecting brain in treating of treating ICH with NYA.

促进脑出血损伤后脑内内源性神经营养因子BDNF、GDNF的合成与分泌，从而减少脑出血后神经元的变性坏死，促进神经修复与再生等，可能是脑溢安治疗脑出血的重要脑保护机制。

Objective: To observe the motor function variation of focal cerebral ischemical reperfusion injury rats'limbs at different time. To observe the expression of PCNA and VEGF. To observe the effect to that index when electric acupuncture the"Quchi"and"Housanli". To observe the effect to the focal cerebral ischemical reperfusion injury rats, which are inject eNOS catastaltic, when electric acupuncture that two acupoints. Through observing of above all things , we study acupuncture's blood vessel regenerated effect to cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury region, approach the possibility of brain functional recovery angiogenesis which promoted by acupuncture, provide new consider and experiment accordings for deepening acupuncture therapy of the ischemia stroke.

研究目的：通过观察局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠不同时间点肢体运动功能的变化及损伤脑组织核心增长蛋白、血管内皮细胞生长因子的表达情况，电针&曲池&、&后三里&穴对以上各指标的影响、电针&曲池&、&后三里&对给予eNOS抑制剂对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的影响，研究针刺对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤区血管再生的作用，探讨针刺促进脑功能恢复的血管生成可能机制，为进一步深化针灸治疗缺血性中风的认识提供新的思路和实验依据。

After radiation, dog brain existed micro-changes injury. DWI is a most sensitive functional imaging technique in detecting hydrone diffusion capability changes. It can discover and quantitatively analyze the micro-changes preceding anatomy imageology by measuring the irradiated tissue ADC value.

核辐射损伤犬脑在解剖影像学尚未出现异常改变之前已存在微观的病理变化；DWI是一种极其敏感的探测水分子弥散能力变化的功能性成像技术，能够先于解剖影像学发现核辐射损伤犬脑的微观病理改变并通过测量辐射损伤组织的ADC值加以定量分析，有重要的临床应用价值。

Results According the MRI characteristric of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopath sequela:(1)The most common findings were white matter injury in 47 cases:①Periventricular leukomalacia in 23 cases;②Selective cerebral neuronal necrosis of basilar node lentiform nucleus and optic colliculus in 9 cases;③Corpus callosum damaged in 15 cases;(2)The most damaged of grey matter in 18 cases;(3)Focal or multifocal ischemic crerbral intenerate in 9 cases;(4)Diffuse crerbral injury in 5 cases.

结果 根据儿童缺血缺氧性脑病后遗症的MRI影像特点，将其分为：(1)脑白质损伤为主：47例；①脑室周围脑白质脱髓鞘、软化：23例；②基底节豆状核、视丘神经元选择性损害：9例；③胼胝体受损变薄：15例；(2)脑灰质损害为主：18例；(3)局部或多处脑软化：9例；(4)广泛脑损害：5例。

Results According the MRI characteristric of hypoxic\|ischemic encephalopath sequela:(1)The most common findings were white matter injury in 47 cases:①Periventricular leukomalacia in 23 cases;②Selective cerebral neuronal necrosis of basilar node lentiform nucleus and optic colliculus in 9 case...

结果 根据儿童缺血缺氧性脑病后遗症的MRI影像特点，将其分为：（1）脑白质损伤为主：47 例；①脑室周围脑白质脱髓鞘、软化：23 例；②基底节豆状核、视丘神经元选择性损害：9 例；③胼胝体受损变薄：15 例；（2）脑灰质损害为主：18 例；（3）局部或多处脑软化：9 例；（4）广泛脑损害：5 例。

As a new diagnostic method, DTI technology should be a routine examination for cerebrovascular diseases.3 DTI sequence should be added when the patient with cerebral ischemia has been examinated by routine MRI and found LA or cerebral infarction on acute stage in doubt. DTI can find hyper-acute and acute cerebral infarction immediately in order to treat the illness in time.4 DTI technology can reflect the mini-alter of alba formation pericerebral infarction with non-invasion in vivo. It can also appraise the degree of cerebral infarction and anticipate the result.

应作为脑血管病影像学常规检查。3对于临床上有脑缺血表现的患者，其常规MRI检查仅发现有脑白质疏松或怀疑有急性期脑梗死，应该加做DTI序列以便及时发现并治疗疾病。4 DTI可在活体无创性的反映脑梗死灶周脑白质结构的微细改变及评估缺血性病变损伤的严重程度和预测脑梗死结果。

Objective To use an ischemical reperfusion injury rat model by pulsinelli-4-VO andobserve the changes of the expression of Glu, N-methy-D-asparagic acidreceptor subunits NR_1 and NR_(2B) and ability of learning and memory after procerebrum ischemic reperfusion injury, and approach the pathogenesy of learning andmemory disorder induced by ischemic reperfusion injury, and the intervention ofginsenoside Rg_2 on the learning and memory disorder after procerebrumischemic reperfusion injury.

目的利用pulsinelli四血管法体建立脑缺血／再灌注损伤模型，观察前脑缺血损伤后谷氨酸、N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体亚单位NR_1、NR_(2B)表达的变化及学习记忆的改变，从兴奋性氨基酸的兴奋毒作用尤其是其受体的表达方面探讨脑缺血／再灌注损伤引起的学习记忆功能障碍的发生机制，并观察人参皂苷Rg_2对脑缺血缺氧损伤引起的学习记忆障碍的干预机制。

While the tissue spaces surrounding a few blood vessels wasAl and Fg positive,no Al or Fg positive cells were observed.In antemortem injurygroup,diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage,cerebral edema,swelling or pyknotic neu-rons could be observed.The axons showed irregular swelling and disconnection at1～3h,marked swelling and disconnection at 6h,and retraction ball at 15h whichwas more remarkable at 24h after injury.The space between myelin sheaths andaxons was increased at 3～6h after injury.Tortuous and wavelike myelin sheathswhich adhered on axons incompletely,or even peeled off could be found from 15hto 24h after injury.Perinuclear lysis of Nissl bodies began at 24h after injury.Thenumber of GFAP positive cells in cerebrum and brain-stem increased significantlyfollowed by decrease,and then increased again,but the time courses of the changesin different areas of brain were not same.Al and Fg positive neural cells,mainlysurrounded blood vessels,with diffuse or peripherally distributed positive matter incytoplasm could be observed at 0.5h after injury.The number of Al or Fg positivecells and the intensity of immunoreaction increased with the time of injury.The areaof SYN positivity in medulla oblongata and pons decreased notably 3～6h afterinjury,then return to normal levels and continued to 24h after injury.

生前损伤组，可见广泛蛛网膜下腔出血，脑组织水肿，神经细胞肿胀，晚期神经元固缩；伤后1～3h见部分神经轴突不规则增粗、断裂，伤后6h断端膨大，伤后15h可见收缩球，至伤后24h更为明显；伤后3～6h可见部分神经髓鞘与轴突之间的间隙增宽，伤后15h髓鞘明显曲折，不完全附着在轴突两侧，甚至剥脱，持续到伤后24h；核周尼氏体减少在伤后24h才开始出现；同一部位的GFAP阳性细胞数目随损伤时间发生改变，先增多（最早在伤后0.5h），达到高峰后减少，其后又有增多趋势，但不同部位的GFAP阳性细胞数目增减的时间过程不尽相同，同时，大脑中的GFAP阳性细胞数目也有改变；伤后0.5h，可在脑干组织中见到Al和Fg阳性神经细胞，主要位于血管周围，阳性物在胞浆中呈弥散性分布，但部分细胞的阳性物仅分布于靠近胞膜的胞浆中而呈环状，随损伤时间延长，阳性细胞数目增多，反应强度增加；伤后3～6h，延髓及桥脑中的SYN阳性物面积减少，其后恢复到正常水平，并持续到伤后24h。

Results The main injury characteristics of HDI were as follows: scalp contusion,cranial fracture,epidural hematoma,subdural hematoma and cerebral contusion at impact position;subdural hematoma,basal fracture and cerebral contusion at contrecoup site;skull fracture mainly at impact position,subdural hematoma mainly at contrecoup site,subarachnoid hemorrhage mainly at the base of brain and cerebral contusion regions;severe contrecoup injury at frontal and temporal lobe.

结果 颅脑减速伤损伤的主要特点为：撞击部位头皮损伤、颅盖骨折、硬膜外血肿、硬膜下血肿和脑挫裂伤，对冲部位硬膜下血肿、颅底骨折和脑挫裂伤；颅骨骨折以撞击部位多见，硬膜下血肿以对冲部位多见，蛛网膜下腔出血主要位于脑底部及脑挫裂伤区；额、颞叶严重对冲伤是常见颅脑减速伤的重要特征。

The X-ray diffract was used to analyze the crystal structure of the composite. Results show that after the talc was treated with blend coupling agent, the crystal structure of talc changed, and effect Intercalation phenomenon.

通过X射线衍射分析可知，用混合偶联剂对滑石粉进行预处理后，滑石粉晶体结构发生改变，产生了插层现象，使PP／滑石粉复合材料为纳米复合材料。

An authentic Maui wedding might require the services of a 'kahu', which is a Hawaiian minister.

毛伊可能需要一个真实婚礼服务'kahu'，这是夏威夷部长。