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Objective To assess the ability of MR cisternographyin the diagnosis of cerebrospinal rhinorrhea, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of MRC, CT cisternographyand high-resolution CT.

目的研究MR脑池造影术显示脑脊液鼻漏的能力，并比较分析高分辨率CT、CT脑池造影术和MRC显示脑脊液鼻漏的优缺点。

Results (1) The water content and glutamate in the injured brain were significantly greater than those in the control group.(2) In the injured brain, the contents of water and glutamate showed a self-diffusion process.(3) The contents of water and glutamate in the LTG-treated group were significantly lower than those in the nontreated group.

结果 (1)脑损伤组脑组织的水含量，细胞外液谷氨酸浓度明显高于对照组；(2)脑损伤组损伤区域的脑水肿和细胞外液谷氨酸呈自身扩播性；(3)拉莫三嗪治疗组脑组织含水量以及谷氨酸浓度明显低于脑损伤非治疗组。

Objectives: To observe the expression of AQP-4 in the peri-hematomal brain region of Intracerebral Hemorrhage patients,study the roal of AQP-4 in secondary cerebral edema;and investigate into the relationship among Sthenia and Protration ZHENGs,the expression of AQP-4 ,volume of blood tumor,scores of NIHSS and GCS.To provide the mole-cular biology standard for the microcosmic syndrome differentiation with TCM to quest for new treatment.

目的：本课题旨在观察脑出血患者血肿周围组织水通道蛋白-4(AQP-4)表达情况，探讨其在脑出血后继发性脑水肿产生中的作用；研究中医出血中风闭脱证与AQP-4表达、出血量、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分及格拉斯哥昏迷评分(Glasgow评分，GCS)的关系，为中医辨证提供客观指标及分子生物学水平的依据，为探索中西医结合治疗脑出血的新途径提供理论指导。

The brain stem lesions observed on MRI were most commonly at the tegmentum of the pons (18/25, 72%) followed by the medulla oblongata (15/25, 60%), and the midbrain which includes the tegmentum, substantia nigra and superior cerebellar peduncles (11/25, 44%).

二十五例在急性期接受磁振造影检查的病童中，有十八例发现在脑干和上颈脊髓有T2高讯号病灶，病灶发现频率依序分别为：桥脑（18/25，72%），延脑（15/25，60%），中脑（包括脑盖，黑质区和上小脑脚）（11/25，44%）。

The fibres of the corticospinal tract, which run craniocaudally in the dorsal pons, the pontine tegmentum, and the superior cerebellar peduncles ventrally, were all preserved, this differential involvement therefore being responsible for the cruciform appearance on MRI.

译：脑桥神经元和横桥纤维严重减少，造成脑桥基底部和小脑中脚的苍白和萎缩。上下走行于脑桥背侧的皮质脊髓束、脑桥背盖部、腹前侧的小脑上脚/结合臂均未受累。这种差异性受累是MRI上出现十字征的原因。

INTERVENTIONS: 4 vessel occlusion(4VO) brain ischemic models in rats stained with thionine staining and GFAP immunohistochemistry staining. were used. Sixty-four rats, of which bilateral vertebral arteries were occluded permanently by electrocautery, were divided into the following 8groups: sham operation group, cerebral ischemic preconditioninggroup, ischemic insult group; BIT group; MTPG + sham operation group;MTPG+BIT group; MTPG+ischemia group and -4C3HPG+BIT coup. All the rats were killed 7 days after the operation or the final ischemic treatment. Cerebral sections were selected and stained with thionine staining and GFAP immunohistochemistry staining.

干预：采用大鼠四血管闭塞全脑缺血模型，应用硫堇染色和胶质纤维酸性蛋白免疫组化法。64只大鼠椎动脉凝闭后分为假手术组、单纯预处理组、单纯缺血组、脑缺血耐受组，MTPG+假手术组、MTPG+脑缺血耐受组、MTPG+缺血组和-4C3HPG+脑缺血耐受组，所有动物均在手术后或末次缺血后7 d处死取材，行脑组织切片，硫堇染色和胶质纤维酸性蛋白免疫组化染色。

Prophylactic infusion thrombocyte can not prevent cerebral hemorrhage completely.To preclud the correlated cause may be important measure to decrease the death rate of cerebral hemorrhage with thrombocytopenia.

血小板减少性脑出血预后差，预防性血小板输注不能完全阻止脑出血的发生，控制和消除诱发脑出血的其他相关原因可能是减少血小板减少性脑出血的重要措施。

The Glasgow coma scale, the initial computed tomogram and ambulatory electrocardiogram were performed in all subject.Data were analyzed according to different place and severity of brain injury.Results:ECG abnormalities were found in 32 patients out of 56 patients with acute head injury(57.14%). ST-T abnormities were found in half of the brain injury patients.

选取我院急性脑损伤患者56例，经Glasgow评分分型，脑CT确定损伤部位，并行24h动态心电图检查，观察急性脑损伤后心电异常的发生情况，并根据脑损伤部位和严重程度分组观察，以了解其心电异常的特点。

12H treatment group compared with 12h model group: the level of SOD, MDA of the Gardenoside group is no different with the model group; the level of the SOD of the Baical in group increase and the level of MDA is no different; the level of SOD of the Concha Margatitifera Usta is no different and the MDA of it decreased than the model; the level of SOD of the Cholic Acid group increased and the level of MDA decreased; the level of SOD of the Hefang Group increased and the level of MDA of it decreased than the model group.

考虑nNos可能只是参与缺血早期的神经毒性作用。到缺血24小时这一时程已经减低或耗竭。大鼠局灶性脑缺血12小时模型组缺血脑组织P53光密度值含量较正常组明显增高（p＜0.01）。珍珠母治疗脑缺血12小时组缺血脑组织P53光密度值较缺血12小时模型组明显降低。胆酸治疗脑缺血12小时组缺血脑组织P53光密度值较缺血12小时模型组明显降低（p＜0.05）。栀子苷治疗脑缺血12小时组缺血脑组织P53光密度值较缺血12小时模型组明显降低（p＜0.05）。

24H treatment group compared with 24h model group: the level of MCP-1 of the Gardenoside group decreased, but the level of MIP-1 of it is no different with the model group; the level of the MCP-1 of the Baicalin group increase and the level of MIP-1 of it all decreased; the level of MCP-1 and MIP-1 of the Concha Margatitifera Usta all decreased; the level of MCP-1 of the Cholic Acid group decreased and the level of MIP-1 is no different with the model group; the level of MCP-1 and MIP-lof the Hefang Group decreased than the model group.

在本实验中，脑缺血能够诱导P53蛋白表达，P53蛋白可能参与调控缺血后神经细胞延迟性死亡的病理生理过程，药物通过抑制细胞凋亡，从而发挥治疗作用。五、大鼠局灶性脑缺血12小时模型组缺血脑组织HSP70光密度值含量较正常组明显增高（p＜0.05）。珍珠母治疗脑缺血12小时组缺血脑组织HSP70光密度值较缺血12小时模型组无显著性差异（p＞0.05）。胆酸治疗脑缺血12小时组缺血脑组织HSP70光密度值较缺血12小时模型组无显著性差异（p＞0.05）。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。