脊髓膨出

The obsered reduction in rate was greater for spina bifida (a decrease of 53%) than for anencephaly and encephalocele (decreases of 38% and 31%, respectiely).

双脊髓发病率的降低值高于无脑儿及脑膨出。

For example, neural tube defects （NTDs--anencephaly, ina bifida, encephalocele, myelomeningocele） usually have multifactorial causes, although they also have many ecific known single-gene, chromosomal, and environmental causes.

例如神经管缺陷（NTD，包括无脑，脊柱裂，脑膨出，脊髓脊膜膨出）通常有多基因造成，虽然也有许多已知的单基因，染色体和环境原因。

The main surgical approaches included:(1)vertebrectomy for decompression;(2)neurolysis;(3)space-occupying masses and taut filum sectioned and adhesionsor scars freed; and(4)restoration of neural function and blood circulation.

对小儿脊髓脊膜膨出术后56例全部行椎板减压、神经松解，椎管内肿瘤，各种病理性组织及手术瘢痕切除，切断牵张的终丝，解决脊髓拴系与压迫，恢复血运与神经功能。

Open lesion occur in early stage and are called spina bifida aperta or myelomeningocele.

开放性脊柱裂发生在胚胎发育的早期，又叫脊髓脊膜膨出。

Neurogenic bladder is mainly caused by myelomeningocele in pediatrics surgery.

其病因是由于脊髓发育不全及脊髓脊膜膨出术后所造成。

Because most children with myelomeningocele also have hydrocephalus, treatment may include the implantation of a shunt, a tube that allows the excess cerebrospinal fluid to drain to other parts of the body.

由于很多脊髓脊膜膨出的患儿同时存在脑积水，因此在行修补术的同时要用引流管分流过多的脑脊液到身体的其他部位。

Because most children with myelomeningocele also have hydrocephalus, treatment may include the implantation of a shunt, a tube that allows the excess cereb rospinal fluid to drain to other parts of the body.

由于很多脊髓脊膜膨出的患儿同时存在脑积水过多的脑脊液到身体的其他部位。，因此在行修补术的同时要用引流管分流

Seven patients aged 4 to 19 years, with myelomeningocele and high-pressure or poorly compliant bladders, were identified as candidates for cystoplasty. Each patient underwent bladder biopsy, and urothelial and muscle cells were grown in culture and seeded on a biodegradable bladder-shaped scaffold made of collagen, or on a composite of collagen and polyglycolic acid. About 7 weeks later, the autologous engineered bladder constructs were used for reconstruction, and implanted either with or without an omental wrap. After implantation, patients underwent serial urodynamics, cystograms, ultrasounds, bladder biopsies, and serum analyses.

年纪从4到19岁的7位脊髓脊膜膨出、罹有高压或者功能不良膀胱、被鉴定需进行膀胱成形术的病患，每一位病患接受膀胱切片，将上皮与肌肉细胞在膀胱形状的生物可分解的胶原支架或胶原聚羟基乙酸支架上加以培养；大约7周过后，形成一可自体移植的工程膀胱，移植时包覆或者未包覆网膜；移植后，病患进行一系列的尿路动力学、膀胱造影术、超音波、膀胱切片和血清分析。

Medication during early pregnancy can cause fetal spina bifida, cleft palate, clubfoot, small limbs, Phocomelia, umbilical prominent cheek transverse fissure, cerebral meningocele, cerebral spinal cord dysfunction, osteogenesis imperfecta and fetal death. 2, prednisone: big neat administration during early pregnancy can cause stillbirth, streaming, no brains infants, small ectopic kidney, one-eyed, cleft palate, bone deformities, such as. 3, 6-8 weeks pregnant villus chromosome examination; pregnant 16-20 weeks to do the amniotic fluid puncture in amniotic fluid cell chromosome examination; At the same time, dynamic observation of maternal alpha-fetoprotein content; attention fetal B-track general shape and structural abnormalities offal.

妊娠早期用药可致胎儿脊柱裂，腭裂，畸形足，小肢，短肢畸形，脐突出，颊横裂，脑脊膜膨出，脑脊髓功能障碍，成骨发育不全及胎儿死亡。2、强的松：妊娠早期大齐整给药可引起死产、流、无脑儿、小异位肾、独眼、腭裂、骨畸形等。3、孕6-8周取绒毛组织进行染色体检查；孕16-20周行羊水穿刺做羊水细胞的染色体检查；同时，动态观察母血中的甲胎蛋白含量；注意B超跟踪胎儿大体形态和内脏结构是否异常。

Result Among 39 cases with occult spinal dysraphism, the meningocele was 4 cases, the dorsal dermal sinus 7 cases, the spinal lipomas 19 cases, the primary tethered cord syndrome 5 cases, the diastematomyelia 2 cases, the sacrococcygeal teratoma 2 cases.

结果 脑脊膜膨出4例，背侧皮窦7例，脊柱脂肪瘤19例，原发性脊髓栓系综合症5例，脊髓纵裂2例，骶尾部畸胎瘤2例。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失