脊髓内神经元

IMPLICATIONS: Isoflurane and propofol have similar effects on neuronal windup in the spinal cord.

含义：iso和pro对脊髓内神经元windup的作用相似。

Objective: To study the enzymic changes and protective effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor on neurons in spinal cord injury.

目的：研究脊髓损伤后脊髓神经元内酶学的变化，并探索睫状神经营养因子对神经元的保护作用。

Electron microscopic examination showed that the spinal cords were normal in group N and A, slight edema of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in group B, loosened fibrous layers in medullary sheath, edema and local degeneration of neuraxis in group C,and shrinkage of nuclear membrane, serious edema of ER, vacuolus change of mitochondria and local demyelination in group D.

电镜结果显示，N组和A组脊髓超微结构正常；B组线粒体、内质网轻度水肿；C组脊髓髓鞘纤维板层结构疏松，轴索肿胀，局灶变性；D组脊髓神经元细胞核膜皱缩，线粒体空泡样变，内质网肿胀严重，局灶性脱髓鞘改变。

Result: Porosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the spinal cord, rupture of muscle bundles, hypertrophia and over growth of muscle cells and collagens, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the bladder wall could been seen under HE dyeing. Nissal dyeing showed the decrease of neurons at the injured segment, upper and lower segments of the spinal cord. Result of immunohistochemistry showed there were caspase-3 positive expression in all the segments. The injured spinal cord and bladder expressed significantly more caspase-3 positive results (P.0l), upper and lower segments were lower than the injured segments (P.01), but higher than the control team (P.0l).

结果：HE染色发现脊髓损伤后脊髓内空洞形成、炎性细胞浸润等病理学变化，膀胱壁中可见到肌束断裂、肌细胞肥大增生、胶原增生、炎性细胞浸润等病理学改变；Nissal染色显示脊髓损伤后损伤节段及其上、下节段均出现神经元数量的减少；免疫组化结果表明3组均有不同程度的caspase-3表达，损伤组脊髓和膀胱内膜caspase-3表达较正常组显著增加(P.01)，损伤上段及下段caspase-3表达较损伤节段为少(P.01)，但均高于正常对照组(P.01)。

The long latency reflexes might bemonosynaptic responses mediated by dorsal root excitement, while the short latencyreflexes might be sarcous electric activity mediated by direct excitement of motor neuron ormotor fiber.

长潜伏期成分可能是兴奋脊髓背根传入神经后引起的单突触反射；短潜伏期成分可能是直接兴奋脊髓内的运动神经元或运动纤维后向下传导引起的肌肉兴奋电反应。

Immunoelectron microscopic examination revealed that mGluR5 was prominently located in some neuronal somata and a lot of dendrites within the superficial layers of the spinal dorsal horn. Some dendrites containing mGluR5 constituted synaptic glomeruli with the terminals exhibiting the morphological characteristics of primary afferent C fiber. The ultrastructural features indicated that mGluR5 in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord may prominently work as a postsynaptical receptor to mediate or modulate the function of glutamate in the primary sensory transmission, including the nociceptive transmission.

免疫电镜研究显示，在脊髓背角浅层内，mGluR5主要定位在部分神经元胞体和大量树突内，并常见部分含mGluR5的树突与具有一级传入C纤维终末形态特征的轴突终末构成突触小球。mGluR5在脊髓背角浅层内的超微定位特征表明，脊髓背角内的mGluR5可能主要作为突触后受体介导或调节谷氨酸传递一级感觉的功能。

In the last two decades, morphological and electrophysiological studies have revealed that primary sensory information from the pelvic organs is conveyed to the lumbosacral spinal cord by the pelvic nerve, and then mediated by the secondary spinal neurons to supraspinal sites.

近二十余年的形态学和电生理学研究表明，盆腔内脏器的感觉是主要由盆神经传递至腰骶髓，然后由脊髓内的二级神经元向上位脑结构传递。

After dialyzing for 10～20 min, SNP at a concentration of 1 μmol/L increased the induced responses to innocuous mechanical stimulation and decreased those to noxoius mechanical stimulation. The induced responses to both innocuous and noxious mechanical stimulations were all decreased after dialyzing the same dose of SNP for 20～30 min. The decrease was shown within 7～15 min dialysis when SNP was used at a concentration of 20 μmol/L.

脊髓深层神经元透析1 μmol/L SNP， 10～20 min后，非伤害性机械刺激诱发的反应增强，伤害性机械刺激诱发的反应减弱；透析20～30 min后，伤害性和非伤害性机械刺激诱发的反应均减弱；透析20 μmol/L SNP 7～15 min内伤害性和非伤害性机械刺激诱发的反应均降低。

The number of spinal motoneurons continued to decline in the first 3 months postoperativdy and plateaued after three months.

脊髓前角运动神经元数目在3个月内持续减少，3个月后趋于稳定，6个月时脊髓前角大型运动细胞坏死比率在40％左右，残存的神经元多为受损的神经元，尼氏体减少或消失。

The lumbar spinal cord in normal rat was immunohistochemically stained with ABC method using HAP1B antibody. Under light microscope, it was observed that HAP1 immunoreactants is mainly distributed in the pericaryon and neuropil in superficial lamella of the gray nucleus with little or no expression in other layers of the spinal horn. The substantia alba show no HAP1B immunoreactants.

对正常大鼠腰段脊髓进行HAP1B的ABC法免疫组织化学染色，光镜下观察显示，HAP1免疫反应产物主要分布在脊髓灰质背角浅层神经元胞体和神经毡内，灰质其他各层无或极少HAP1B表达，白质内未见明显HAP1B免疫反应产物。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。