脊髓

Findings in patients with lower positioned spinal cord were as follows: diastematomyelia (n=5), double stem spinal cord (n=6), intradural lipoma (n=10), intradural ep...

低位脊髓合并脊髓纵裂 5例，双干脊髓 6例，椎管内脂肪瘤 10例，椎管内皮样囊肿 3例，脊髓空洞症 5例，脂肪脊髓膨出 7例，半锥体 3例，椎板缺如 3例，棘突分叉畸形 8例。

Thus, spinal cord tumors, arachnoid cysts, syringomyelia, Chiari malformation, spinal cord arteriovenous malformation, diplomyelia or diastematomyelia, tethered spinal cord, spina bifida or myelomeningocele, lipomyelomeningocele, tumors at the junction of the base of the skull and upper cervical spine, nerve root tumors, and a few other diagnoses still fall under the domain of the neurosurgeon.

因此，脊髓肿瘤，蛛网膜囊肿，脊髓空洞症， Chiari畸形，脊髓动静脉畸形，脊髓纵裂畸形，脊髓栓系，脊柱裂或脊髓脊膜膨出，脂肪脊髓脊膜膨出、颅颈交界区及上颈髓肿瘤、神经根肿瘤及其他一些疾病的诊治仍然归属于神经外科医师。

Compared with the previous experiment model, this model which adopts the pressure Saccule to create gradually the pressure on the cervical spinal cord has its own advantages as follows: simple to operate, safe to carry out, successful rate is higher; cheaper catheter to obtain, oppressing the machine creation the convenience; to achieve the purpose that gradually pressure on the ventral lateral spinal cord, the medical screenage and electric physical examination reflect accurately the degree of the chronic pressure on the spinal cord; the change of Pathologic histology with the impediment on spinal cord function is similar to in the characteristic changes that of human CSM. ideally simulated the pathological procedure of the gradual chronic pressure in the course of the breakout of the CSM.

与既往实验模型比较，此模型采用压力球囊法致慢性颈脊髓压迫具有以下优点：手术操作简单易行，安全性及成功率较高；导管廉价，压迫器制作方便；达到了渐进性压迫的目的；影像学及电生理检测比较准确地反映了慢性颈脊髓压迫的程度；脊髓功能障碍后脊髓病理组织学改变类似于人类脊髓型颈椎病的特征性改变；较理想地模拟CSM发病中的慢性渐进性压迫的病理过程。

Objective:Through the establishment of tractive spinal cord injury model on the rat,we discussed the pathophysiological changes and clinical significance of this scathe by the evaluation of magnetic stimulating motion evoked potential and behavioral functional tests.

目的 ：建立大鼠脊髓牵拉性损伤的模型，探讨实验性脊髓牵拉性损伤的病理生理改变及临床意义。方法：双侧椎板切除显露大鼠脊髓的全宽，用模拟神经拉钩特制的牵开器由侧方牵拉脊髓，实现水平方向上的脊髓牵拉性损伤，并用磁刺激运动诱发电位和行为学功能试验指标进行综合评价。

The second grade class infectious disease is refers: Toxic hepatitis,bacterium and amoeba dysentery, typhus and 副伤寒, AIDS, gonorrhea,syphilis, polio, measles, whooping cough, diphtheria, epidemic脑脊髓膜 inflammation, scarlet fever, epidemic hemorrhage heat,rabies, hook end spirochetosis,布鲁氏菌 sickness, anthrax,epidemic and local macula typhus, epidemic encephalitis b, blackfever, malaria, Dengue fever, high pathogenic birds and beasts flu andinfection atypical pneumonia.

乙类传染病是指：病毒性肝炎、细菌性和阿米巴性痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒、艾滋病、淋病、梅毒、脊髓灰质炎、麻疹、百日咳、白喉、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、猩红热、流行性出血热、狂犬病、钩端螺旋体病、布鲁氏菌病、炭疽、流行性和地方性斑疹伤寒、流行性乙型脑炎、黑热病、疟疾、登革热、高致病性禽流感和传染性非典型肺炎。

The abnormalities included 26 tethered cords, 8 diastematomyelia, 9 diplomyelia, 7 syringomyelia, and 8 low lying conus.

结果 36例脊髓异常中脊髓栓系26例，二分脊髓8例，脊髓纵裂9例，脊髓空洞7例，低位圆锥8例。

Results Thirty-three patients were found cord abnormality, including 24 Chiari malformation with syringomyelia, 5 syringomyelia, 1 Chiari malformation with syringomyelia and diastematomyelia, 1 Chiari malformation with syringomyelia and tethered cord, 1 syringomyelia with tethered cord, and 1 Dandy-Walker malformation.

结果 59例&特发性&胸椎左侧凸患者经全脊髓MRI检查后，共有33例发现髓内病变，髓内病变发生率为56%，其中Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞24例，脊髓空洞5例，Chiari畸形、脊髓空洞、脊髓裂1例，Chiari畸形、脊髓空洞、脊髓栓系1例，脊髓空洞合并栓系1例，Dandy-Walker畸形1例。

Increased expression of PENK mRNA was more marked in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord, especially in lamina Ⅲ-Ⅳ and the contralateral medulla, especially in the gigantocellular reticular nucleus, lateral paragigantocellar reticular nucleus and lateral reticular nucleus.

本实验用原位杂交技术对电针刺激后前脑啡肽mRNA在脊髓和延髓的表达进行了观察，发现给予大鼠单侧后肢电针刺激引起脊髓和延髓中PENK mRNA阳性神经元数显著增加，尤其是同侧脊髓背角各层PENK mRNA的表达，和对侧延髓网状结构如网状巨细胞核α部、网状巨细胞外侧旁核及外侧网状核中的PENK mRNA表达增加，这与脊髓上传的信号由同侧脊髓交叉到对侧脑干的走行方式是一致的。

The immunohistochemistry showed that accompanied with SDNSF mRNA upregulation, the nestin-positive cells showed erupted roots, migrated peripherad and proliferation on the 8-day slice.

结果 RT-PCR检测SDNSF mRNA在正常大鼠脊髓中的表达，损伤后4天SDNSF 的mRNA表达上升，损伤8天到达高峰，此后SDNSF 的mRNA表达逐渐减少，到16天恢复到正常水平；脊髓切片原位杂交结果发现SDNSF的 mRNA 阳性细胞主要分布于脊髓灰质细胞中，可能是神经元细胞，结果表明正常脊髓可表达SDNSF；脊髓损伤后8天，原位杂交显示SDNSF阳性细胞明显增多。

The immunohistochemistry showed that accompanied with SDNSF mRNA upregulation, the nestin-positive cells showed erupted roots, migrated peripherad and proliferation onthe 8-day slice.

结果 RT-PCR检测SDNSF mRNA在正常大鼠脊髓中的表达，损伤后4天SDNSF的mRNA表达上升，损伤8天到达高峰，此后SDNSF的mRNA表达逐渐减少，到16天恢复到正常水平；脊髓切片原位杂交结果发现SDNSF的mRNA阳性细胞主要分布于脊髓灰质细胞中，可能是神经元细胞，结果表明正常脊髓可表达SDNSF；脊髓损伤后8天，原位杂交显示SDNSF阳性细胞明显增多。

By using competitive adsorption of activated carbom to remove unfavorable influence of carbon in carbonaceous gold concentrate on leaching process, the leaching rate of gold concentrate can be improved to 88% as compared with 10%by direct cyanidation.

本文论述了利用活性炭竞争吸附作用，消除含炭金精矿中炭在浸出过程中的影响，使金精矿的浸出率可由直接氰化的10％提高到88％。

The only thing you're ever gonna be king of is King of the Stupids!

你只配做傻瓜的国王！