脊椎

She was incidentally found to have a Grade 1 isthmic type of spondylolisthesis.

她在偶然的情况下发现了1度峡性脊椎滑脱。

We present a case report of an isolated isthmic spondylolisthesis in a patient who has never ambulated.

我们报道一例独立的峡性脊椎前移病例，该病人从未行走过。

There is only 1 case report of a pars interarticularis defect in an infant who also had other spinal abnormalities; thus, isthmic spondylolisthesis does not seem to be a congenital disorder.

只有一例峡部不连的婴儿患者的报道，而且该患者同时有其他的脊柱畸形。因此峡性脊椎前移似乎不是一种先天性的障碍。

Objective To assess the effects of SRS elevating- pull reduction system in surgical treatment of lumbar spinal spondylolisthesis associated with isthmic spondylolysis.

目的评价运用脊椎前移提拉复位系统（Spondylolisthesis reduction system，SRS）治疗峡部不连性腰椎滑脱症的疗效。

Mechanical loading of cadaveric vertebrae in a manner which mimics forces on an upright spine has been shown to cause pars interarticularis fractures.14 Bipedal posture in combination with additive stress on the lumbar spine due to repetitive flexion and extension appears to have a major role in the development of isthmic spondylolisthesis.

在尸体椎体上模拟对垂直脊柱的机械负荷可以造成峡部的骨折。14双足站立姿势加上反复屈伸对腰椎产生的应力，这似乎是造成峡性脊椎前移最主要的原因。

Isthmic lesions involve the pars and can be further broken down into 3 subtypes: stress fractures of the pars, elongated pars defects without fracture, and acute, traumatic pars fractures.

峡性脊椎前移涉及椎体峡部，可进一步分为三个亚类：峡部应力骨折；峡部拉长，没有骨折；急性、创伤性峡部骨折。

Objective: To report a technique of transpedicolar expanded eggshell technique vertebral column resection through single posterior approach and discuss its preliminary results in the treatment of severe congenital rigid kyphoscoliosis in adults.

目的：探讨后路经椎弓根扩大&蛋壳&技术行畸形脊椎切除矫治重度成人先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者的早期临床效果。

Posterior transpedicular expanded eggshell technique VCR is an effective alternative for severe congenital rigid kyphoscoliosis in adults.

对于重度成人先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者，单纯应用后路经椎弓根扩大&蛋壳&技术行畸形脊椎切除是一种较安全有效的矫治方法。

Radiographic analyses revealed a mean preoperative kyphotic angle of 24.6° for the 11 individuals who exhibited this condition.

影像学分析揭示了11脊椎后突患者的术前平均后凸角为24.6°。

Apart from the freestyle lumbar posture, subjects were instructed to take either lordotic or kyphotic posture as well.

姿态改变时，椎间盘的倾斜度，伸肌活动方向改变，这能影响不同节段脊椎的剪力。

We are in a real jam.

我们的麻烦大了。

Hey, it's Ahmet from India, that foreign exchange guy.

看，那是印度的阿曼特，国际交换生