脊椎

Objective:To explore the differential diagnosis of vertebral myeloma and metastatic tumors with adnexal bone in MRI.

目的：探讨附件骨MRI在脊椎骨髓瘤、转移瘤鉴别诊断。

Methods:MRI of adnexal bone in 32 patients with vertebral myelomas and 32 patients with metastatic tumors were analyzed,including number,position,form,size,distribution range of tumors in the adnexal bones.

分析侵及附件骨的脊椎骨髓瘤、转移瘤各32例，包括病变的数目、分布、形态、大小等方面。

The difference in MRI expression of the adnexal bone is helpful for differential diagnosis of vertebral myeloma and metastatic tumor.It could provide reliable bases to select therapy.

脊椎骨髓瘤、转移瘤附件骨MRI表现的差异性，有助于对二者的鉴别，为临床治疗方法的选择提供可靠依据。

The investigators concluded patients who have never walked are not at risk for spondylolisthesis because their spines are not subject to the same forces as those who ambulate.

作者认为：从未行走过的人不存在脊椎前移的风险，因为他们的脊柱受力和行走的人不一样。

Results Mucopolysaccharidosis typeⅠ had characteristic X-ray changes of bones:①Enlarged skull and hook- shape Sella Turcica;②Short and thick phalanges and metacarpal Bones;③Dilated central part and thin ends of upper and lower limb bones;④Kyphosis deformity of spine, beak-shape stick out of anteroinferior margin of Kyphosis deformity vertebra;⑤Broadening ribs as paddle shape;⑥Shallow acetabulum and enlarged Acetabular Angle;⑦Prolonged femoral neck, Coxa Vara or coxa valga.

结果 粘多糖病Ⅰ型具有较典型的骨骼X线改变，(1)头大，蝶鞍呈乙型；(2)掌指骨粗短；(3)上、下肢骨中央膨胀两端变细；(4)脊椎后凸成角，后凸椎体前下缘成鸟嘴状突出，上下椎体呈卵圆形；(5)肋骨增宽呈船桨；(6)髋臼变浅，髋臼角增大；(7)股骨颈增长，髋内翻或外翻。

Methods Respectively analyzed the X-ray, CT and image post-processing manifestations of mucopolysaccharidosis type Ⅰ. Results Mucopolysaccharidosis typeⅠ had characteristic X-ray changes of bones:①Enlarged skull and hook- shape Sella Turcica;②Short and thick phalanges and metacarpal Bones;③Dilated central part and thin ends of upper and lower limb bones;④Kyphosis deformity of spine, beak-shape stick out of anteroinferior margin of Kyphosis deformity vertebra;⑤Broadening ribs as paddle shape;⑥Shallow acetabulum and enlarged Acetabular Angle;⑦Prolonged femoral neck, Coxa Vara or coxa valga.

结果 粘多糖病Ⅰ型具有较典型的骨骼X线改变，(1)头大，蝶鞍呈乙型；(2)掌指骨粗短；(3)上、下肢骨中央膨胀两端变细；(4)脊椎后凸成角，后凸椎体前下缘成鸟嘴状突出，上下椎体呈卵圆形；(5)肋骨增宽呈船桨；(6)髋臼变浅，髋臼角增大；(7)股骨颈增长，髋内翻或外翻。

The advantageous aspects are: maximum aerodynamic penetration due to the driver's prone position; maximum exploitation of muscular output due to the antigravitational rotation of thighs; better venous and lymphatic circulation thanks to lower abdominal pressure; better cardio-respiratory function, due to easier venous circulation; maximum protection of the spine by supporting the rachis; minimum perineum shock thanks to the saddle supporting the gluteus; maximum stability of the vehicle thanks to ground-hub pedal block-system; reduced weight of the rotating parts thanks to the compactness of the mechanism of transmission.

这种自行车的优越之处在于：由于骑车者的俯伏位置而得到的最佳空气动力学性能；由于大腿的反重力旋转而获得的对肌肉的最佳利用；由于较低的腹部压力而获得的更佳的静脉和淋巴循环效果；由于更加便利的静脉循环而带来的更佳的心血管循环系统；由于对脊椎的支撑而带来的对脊柱的最佳保护效果；由于座鞍对臀部的支撑而获得的对会阴的最小冲击；由于地面-轮毂踏板系统（ground-hub pedal-block-system）而获得的车体的最大的稳定性；由于传动系统的紧凑性而减小了车身重量。

"In LIS, only patients with thoracic apices and curves of more than 100 degrees are at increased risk of death from cor pulmonale and right ventricular failure," the authors write.

在晚发作型原发性脊椎侧弯的病程中，只有侧弯角度大於100度且有胸廓尖点才会增加因肺心症或右心室衰竭致死的机率。

"In LIS, only patients with thoracic apices and curves of more than 100 degrees are at increased risk of death from cor pulmonale and right ventricular failure," the authors write.

在晚发作型原发性脊椎侧弯的病程中，只有侧弯角度大于100度且有胸廓尖点才会增加因肺心症或右心室衰竭致死的机率。

Even the roughest rider who enjoys bareback riding will require a bridle, and most of us would prefer to have a saddle between us and the horse's spine.

即使是粗糙骑手谁享有bareback骑将需要韁绳，和我们大多数人希望有一个我们之间马鞍和马的脊椎。

And if officials on the take are not parroting the opinions of these companies, what can we suppose the money they receive is for?

如果受贿的官员不鹦鹉学舌般地复述这些公司的看法，那他们所接受的钱又能用于什么目的呢？

Love them, and love you too, Pitcher.

爱他们，也爱你，投手。