脊柱的

［Objective］To sum up the experience of wearing the halo pelvic and level traction costoplasty to treat 35 cases of severe scoliosis combined with collapsed chest.［Methods］When scoliosis of patients were corrected to a certain degree after three weeks of halo pelvic distraction, the most serious collapsed ribs of concave side of the curve underwent a transverse incision the cross ribs. A special rib bender was used to bend the exposed 3 to 6 ribs. The bent ribs were pulled up by double-stranded 10# thick silk which was extended out through the skin and fixed in the upright post of the instrument of Halo pelvic distraction with rubber membranes.［Results］Thirty-three in 35 patients underwent costoplasty.

［目的］介绍35例重度脊柱侧弯合并严重胸廓塌陷的病例，在颅盆牵引的过程中，同时采用肋骨成形术加水平牵引治疗胸廓塌陷［方法］颅盆牵引3周后，脊柱侧弯矫正到定程度时，在侧弯凹侧肋骨塌陷最重的部位，与肋骨交叉作横切口，暴露3～6条肋骨，用特制的肋骨折弯器将肋骨折弯变圆，用10号双股粗丝线将每条肋骨提起，自皮肤穿出通过橡皮膜在颅盆装置的立柱上作牵引。

The purpose of the operation is to correct rachis side turn, increase the stability of rachis.

概要： 特发性脊柱侧弯是指不明原因的脊柱偏离正中线，形成向左或向右的不同程度的弯曲畸形，多发于青少年，影响患者的生长发育和体形，胸段侧弯可致心脏移位、心肺功能不全、甚至截瘫[1]，造成心理生理上的损害。

After iewing each patient, surgeons were asked if: 1 spinal fusion with or without thoracoplasty would improe the patient's appearance; and 2 whether they would recommend this patient for spinal fusion with or without thoracoplasty.

每次诊治病人医生回答以下两个问题：1）伴有或不伴有胸椎成型的脊柱融合是否将改进病人的外貌，2）他们是否建议病人进行伴有或不伴有胸椎成型的脊柱融合术。

The growth of cervicothoracic spine exhibits morphological quantitative changes, which is the support for the growth of whole spinal and thoracic cage.

对胸椎纵向生长的规律性进行研究，有助于了解脊柱病理性改变，特别是对于临床上胸段脊柱畸形治疗方案的确定，如胸椎椎弓根植入物的选择。

Objective To conduct biomechanical study and three dimensional finite element analysis on lumbar spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis treated with single vertebra reduction and fixation system, and to evaluate the long term outcome of isthmic spondylolisthesis treated with direct repair and fixation with LSRF.

腰椎峡部崩裂及滑脱是常见的脊柱疾患，生物力学因素在其发病机制和治疗方法的选择上具有重要作用。其手术的目的是恢复腰椎解剖结构，稳定脊柱。

Results The results indicated that SIPAR was expressed in otic vesicles and eye vesicles obviously in mouse dpc9.5 embryo.

结果 SIPAR在dpc9.5的小鼠胚胎眼泡和听泡中有明显的表达，在dpc9.5～12.5的小鼠胚胎脊柱神经和脑部中枢神经都有表达，在dpc12.5小鼠胚胎脑、眼泡和脊柱中表达增强。

Removal of spinal implants, even in the face of what appears to be a solid fusion at exploration, is sometimes associated with progression of deformity.9 The retention of implants in the setting of a delayed infection is enticing to the deformity surgeon, especially when a pseudarthrosis is present.

即使在探查时发现脊柱已经牢固融合时取出植入的内固定物，有时还会导致脊柱畸形的进行性发展。在迟发性感染的患者身上保留植入物对医生来说是很有诱惑性的，特别是在出现假关节的时候。

［Objective］To compare the clinical results of different bone graft in the posterior route spinal fusion of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.［Method］A retrospective study was made in 71 case of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,who were operated on with posterior instrumentation of screw-rod fixation system from 2000 to 2005.All of the patients were divided into three groups,autologous bone graft in 21 cases,allogous bone graft in 23 cases, autologous bone mixed allogous bone graft in 27 cases. The fusion rate, the Cobb's angle loss rate of incidence and pseudoarthrosis were compared among the three groups at 3,9,15,36 months follow-up.

［目的］通过不同植骨在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸后路矫形植骨融合术中的应用比较，探讨其临床应用效果［方法］回顾性分析2000年～2005年行后路钉-棒系统矫形手术的71例青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者，其中自体骨移植21例，同异体骨移植23例，自体骨混合同种异体骨移植27例，比较随访第3、9、15、36 月的融合率、Cobb's角丢失率及假关节发生率。

Objective To investigate the effect of posterior pedicle screw instrumentation and determine the impact of alternative surgical strategies to provide guidance for the operation planning. Methods A detailed three-dimensional finite element model of a 40° scoliotic lumbar with pedicle screw instrument were constructed by using the commercial finite element software ANSYS.

目的 通过有限元计算与刚体动力学相结合的方法，模拟后路椎弓根螺钉系统治疗脊柱侧凸的矫形过程，研究矫形过程中的生物力学特性，探讨不同矫形策略对临床结果的影响，为脊柱侧凸的手术规划提供依据。

The "daVinci representation"(right panel of Figure 6) is a comprehensive visual representation of the scoliotic spine that illustrates the orientation of the planes of maximum curvature of the 3 spine segments in the transverse view. The center of the circular plot is the point where the central hip vertical axis (CHVA, CHVA is a true vertical bisecting the bi-femoral head axis, often considered to represent the physiological center of balance of the spine-pelvic unit) intersects the transverse plane and every arrow radiating from the center represents a spine segment (PT, MT, and TL/L).

圆的圆心是位于髋中心的Z轴与横断面相交点(CHVA，CHVA是双侧股骨头连线重点的垂线，通常作为脊柱-骨盆单元生理平衡的中点)及每个箭头发自表示脊柱节段的中心。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。