脂质

Lipids are an energy-dense source of fuel calories (~~9kcal/g) compared with proteins and carbohydrates(both ~~4 kcal/g).It is generally recommended in clinical practice that the lipid supply should provide 15-30%of the total calorie intake,or 30-50%of nonprotein calories.

与蛋白和碳水化合物相比，脂肪乳脂质的能量密度更大(≈9 kcal/g比≈4 kcal/g)，所以在临床上普遍推荐脂质供能应占总热量的15-30%，或非蛋白热量的30-50%。

RESULTS: Levels of insulin, FFA, GOT and GPT in serum were significantly increased in model group; activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px in liver tissue and ISI were notably decreased, and content of lipid perhydride MDA was increased. HE staining revealed that there was hepatic cellular swelling in hepatic lobules, inequality of size of lipid droplets in periplast, nucleus on one side, narrowed sinus hepaticus and inflammatory cell infiltration in hepatic lobules and portal area.

结果： 模型组大鼠血清胰岛素、FFA、GOT和GPT水平明显升高，肝组织中T-SOD和GSH-Px活力和ISI明显下降，脂质过氧化物MDA含量显著增加， HE染色示肝小叶中大部分肝细胞肿胀，胞质中出现大小不等的脂滴空泡，以大泡性脂肪滴为主，核居边，细胞界限不清，肝窦狭窄，且存在小叶内及门管区炎症细胞浸润。

In order to inquire the causes of occurrence of lipoid pneumonia in rat that were raised in standard SPF animal reproductive area, we used self-reproducing standard SPF rats, male 50 and female 50. All of the rats were divided into 10 groups, raised in standard Barrier system, and fed the standard diets imported from U.S.A.. All animals were divided into 4 stages to sacrifice. Autopsy, histopathological and blood biochemical examination were made at each stage. The results reveal that no lipoid pneumonia were found to occur in the 5, 10 and 26-week-old groups of male and female rats. 40% of male and 60% of female were found to occur slight focal lipoid pneumonia in the 52-week-old groups of rats.

利用成大医学院实验动物中心生产的标准无特定病原大白鼠雌、雄各50只分成10组，在屏障系统中进行实验，使用美国进口的标准实验动物饲料餵食，在一年中分四期剖检，并做病理组织学及血液生化学观察，分析比较结果显示5，10及26周龄的雌、雄大鼠皆未发生类脂质性肺炎。52周龄雌大鼠有60%，雄大鼠有40%观察到患有轻度局部性类脂质性肺炎。

Being a lipid second messenger, sphingomyelin lysis product-ceramide play an important role in inducing and preventing apoptosis.

近年来的研究表明细胞凋亡与鞘脂质代谢有密切的关系，鞘磷脂的水解产物神经酰胺作为脂质第二信使在诱导和抑制细胞凋亡中起着重要的作用。

Methods: Lecithin and the sucrose ester-phospholipids liposome were prepared using the ethyl ether injection method by mixing sucrose ester with lecithin, sphingomyelin and cholesterol according to different lipids ratio.

按不同比例将乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯与卵磷脂、鞘磷脂和胆固醇混合，溶于乙醚中，然后注入pH7.2的PBS缓冲液中，制成卵磷脂脂质体及蔗糖酯－卵磷脂脂质体。

Furthermore, taurine-treated microsomes showed a higher incorporation of radiolabled oleoyl-CoA into diacylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylcholine lipid fraction in comparison with the control microsomes.

牛磺酸可改变微粒体膜脂质成分（如降低游离胆固醇、磷脂酰丝氨酸和鞘磷酸，升高磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酸的浓度）和膜磷脂脂肪酸成份，并降低微粒体膜脂质的流动性。

Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001 China）Abstract:Objective To study the distribution and liver targeting of glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives (stearin glycyrrhetinic acid ester-3-O-galactosidase, Gal-GAOSt) modifying norcantharidin liposomes (Gal-GAOStNC-LP) in rats.

目的 研究甘草次酸衍生物（甘草次酸硬脂醇酯-3-O-半乳糖苷，Gal-GAOSt）修饰去甲斑蝥素脂质体(Gal-GAOStNC-LP)在小鼠体内的分布及肝靶向性。方法利用薄膜分散法制备甘草次酸衍生物修饰去甲斑蝥素脂质体后，经小鼠尾静脉给药，采用HPLC法检测去甲斑

Objective: Novel liposomes composed of hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine and soybean phosphatidylcholine was prepared to encapsulate total alkaloids from seed of Strychnos nux-vomica. The pharmaceutical properties of the novel liposomes were compared with corresponding HSPC or SPC liposomes.

中文摘要：目的：制备了以氢化大豆磷脂和普通大豆磷脂为膜材的马钱子总生物碱复合磷脂脂质体，并与相应的单一磷脂脂质体比较药剂学性质。

Zetasizer was used to determine the size of liposomes and the entrapment efficiency was determined with centrifugal ultrafilter.

采用Zetasizer粒径测定仪测定脂质体粒径；采用离心超滤法测定脂质体的包封率。

Methods:Phamaco1ogy studies adopt orycto1agus curicu1us athero-sclerosis and musculus remembrance function bindrance model, set modelgroup, void control group, positiye control group, and NLKC high, middle,low dose group. The effects were observed by monitoring the inf1unenceof NLKC on blood and aorta 1 ipid, hemorrheology, l ipid peroxidation (LP0),thromboxanceB: Y 6--keto--prostag1andinF1 Q (6--keto--PGF, Q ), thick-ness and stage of atherosclerosis plaque, pathology of aorta andcoronary artery, and remembrance function.

主要药效学选用家兔动脉粥样硬化模型、小鼠记忆障碍模型等，设立脑力康胶囊不同剂量组、模型组、空白对照组、阳性对照组等，观察脑力康胶囊对血脂、血流变、过氧化脂质、血栓素B2（TXB2）、 6－酮－前列腺素F10（6－keto－PGF10）、主动脉脂质含量、动脉粥样硬化斑块厚度及程度、主动脉及冠状动脉病理形态、增强记忆等方面的影响。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。