脂肪

Criteria for diagnosis:(1) soft-tissue swelling: intermuscular space swelling demonstrate ill-defined intermuscular planes on CT, and string-like intermediate signal intensity on MR T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on MR T2-weighted images.

皮下组织肿胀表现为自身厚度增加，CT可见皮下脂肪内细网状或条索状软组织样密度，MR T1WI示高信号的脂肪内细网状、斑片状或条索状中等信号，在脂肪抑制T2WI呈高信号，边界不清。

The infrared test indicates: all the saponins absorbing waves are similar, they contain functional groups such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, primary aliphatic alcohols and secondary aliphatic alcohols(Aliphatic carboxylic acids in sample 1 and 2) estimated by basic analyzed chart. They may contain long carbon chain with hydroxy, isomaltose and galactose estimated by particular analyzed chart.

红外吸收表明：皂甙组分的波形都非常相近，经过基础图谱分析可以发现皂甙中含有脂肪烃、脂肪族伯醇、脂肪族仲醇等官能团，样品1与2还含有脂肪酸官能团，经详细图谱检索，说明皂甙含有带羟基的长碳链、异麦芽糖和β-D-半乳糖。

Fibroblast growth factor 21（FGF21）is a novel fatty metabolic regulator. FGF21 mRNA is most abundantly expressed in liver. FGF21 contribute to fat metabolism, as well as ketogenic responses in liver,and it can promote the uptake of glucose, promote insulin secretion, delaying the development of tumors and other function.

成纤维细胞生长因子21（fibroblast growth factor 21，FGF21）是一种主要的脂肪代谢调节因子，主要在肝脏中表达；FGF21有助于肝脏的脂肪代谢以及生酮反应，可以促进脂肪细胞摄取葡萄糖，促进胰岛素分泌，延缓肿瘤的发展等功能。

Konjak extract can quickly decompose fat, accelerate the metabolism of stubborn fat, and inhibit the formulation of fat after meals

成份提取物，可快速分解人体的脂肪，加速顽固脂肪的能量代谢，抑制餐后脂肪形成。

The optimum conditions of lipase pretreatment and the optimum ratio of lipase and laccase were investigated in this paper.

摘 要：利用脂肪酶具有降解脂肪和蜡的特性，将漆酶与脂肪酶混合处理麦草，以提高蒸煮药液的渗透性，改善蒸煮性能。

The expression of cloned cold-adapted lipase gene lipA in Pichia pastoris GS115 with the pPIC9k as the expressive vector was performed according to the methods described in the manual, version 3.0, of the pPIC9K identified the lip gene cloned here was a functional lipase gene.

以pPIC9K为表达载体，以GS115为表达宿主菌，成功构建重组表达质粒pPIC9K-lipA，经甲醇诱导表达，能够分泌有脂肪酶活性的表达产物，因此证明本研究所克隆的脂肪酶基因lipA确实为脂肪酶开放阅读框。

In addition, SW480 and HCT116 cells were treated with deoxycholic acid for 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. It was found that the deoxycholic acid treated cells showed an elevation of ATP activity by 12.35 %, 20.08 %, 29.69 %, 33.56 %, 45.85 %, 54.32 %, respectively. While the HCT116 treated cells, showed an elevation of ATP activity by 3.69 %, 5.59 %, 8.52 %, 12.26 %, 16.52 %, 19.71%, respectively.From the experiments conducted using the cell lines described above, it was further confirmed that genes CYP7A1 (cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily A, polypeptide 1), AKR1D1 (aldo-keto reductase family 1, member D1), ALDH1A1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1), BAAT (bile acid Coenzyme A: amino acid N-acyltransferase), ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A, member 1), APOC3 (apolipoprotein C-III), LIPA, LIPE (lipase, hormone-sensitive), PTGER2 (prostaglandin E receptor 2) and PTGS2 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2) were up-regulated.

此外，为了证实其脂肪代谢产物胆酸对细胞癌化的影响，亦使用SW480和HCT116细胞株，经由脱氧胆酸在15分钟、30分钟、45分钟、60分钟、90分钟和120分钟处理后，其细胞增生比率分别有12.35%，20.08%，29.69%，33.56%，45.85%和54.32%(p.05)以及3.69%，5.59%，8.52%，12.26%，16.52%和19.71%(p.05)上升情形，并从这些细胞株进一步证实CYP7A1(细胞色素P450-7A1)、AKR1D1(醇醛酮还原酶-1-D1)、ALDH1A1(醛脱氢酶-1-A1)、BAAT(胆酸辅酶A：氨基酸N-醯基转移酶)、ABCA1(三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1)、APOC3、LIPA、LIPE(脂肪酶/激素敏感脂肪酶)、PTGER2(前列腺素E受体2)和PTGS2(前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶2)等基因表现皆有呈现向上调控的情形。

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes and neural like cells with osteoblast inductor (β-sodium glycerophosphate, dexamethasone, vitamin C), lipoblast inductor (dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, bovine insulin, indometacin) and serum-free medium inductor (dimethyl sulphoxide, butylated hydroxyanisole) respectively. Osteoblast marker (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin mRNA, calcium node), adipocyte marker (lipid droplet, PPAR γ-2mRNA) and neural cell-like marker (nissl body, neuron specific enolase, neurofilament protein) were respectively determined by the immunohistochemical method, polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemical method.

分别采用成骨细胞诱导剂（β-甘油磷酸钠，地塞米松，维生素C）、成脂肪细胞诱导液（地塞米松，甲基异丁酸黄嘌呤，牛胰岛素，吲哚美辛）及二甲基亚砜和羟基丁酸苯甲醚无血清培养基诱导剂干预细胞向成骨、脂肪、神经细胞分化，经免疫组织化学染色、PCR、免疫细胞染色方法检测成骨标志物（碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素mRNA、钙结节）、脂肪标志物（脂滴、PPARγ-2mRNA）、以及类神经标志物（尼克氏体、神经烯醇化酶、神经丝蛋白）。

It indicates that DHA regulated adipose deposition by increasing lipolytic genes in adipose tissue and inhibiting lipogenic and lipolytic genes in liver.

DHA通过促进脂肪组织中脂肪分解及抑制肝脏中脂肪合成与分解来调节动物体脂沉积。

High-fat feeding of both strains led to decreased serum triglycerides, hepatic steatosis, and hypercholesterolemia; howeer, B6 mice deeloped worse steatosis and a larger increase in LDL cholesterol. Both B6 background and high-fat feeding increased sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), a key regulator of lipogenic gene transcription, and its downstream targets.

两种品系的高脂喂养都导致血清甘油三酯降低，脂肪肝，和高胆固醇血症；然而，B6小鼠产生更严重的脂肪肝和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的增加。B6遗传背景和高脂喂养都增加甾醇调解元件结合蛋白-1c（SREBP-1c），它是脂肪生成基因转录和它的下游靶点的关键调解元件。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。