脂类

Safflor Yellow, extracted from Safflor, with proved pharmacological effect that can expand coronary artery, lower blood pressure, resist thrombus, endure anoxemia and restrain immunity, will have a good developing and applying future. Since 1970s, more than 200 kinds of components such as flavone, lignocelluloses and alkine, have been extracted from Safflor.

红花黄色素(Safflor Yellow，SY)是从红花中提取的有效成分，具有扩冠、降压、抗血栓、耐缺氧、免疫抑制等多种药理学功效，有良好的开发和应用前景。70年代以来对红花的化学成分进行了广泛的研究，已分离出了二百多种化学成分，其中主要有黄酮类、木脂素类、多炔类等。

Some new lignans of dibenzocycloheptadiene and benzofuran analogues were first synthesized successfully by intramolecular nonphenolic oxidative coupling and rearrangement of the 1,4-biaryl-2,3-dimethyl-2,3epoxide substituted butanes with DDQ in TFA.

以DDQ为非酚氧化偶合试剂与1，4-二芳基-2，3-环氧类化合物进行分子内的非酚氧化偶合反应，首次合成了二苯骈环庚二烯类和苯骈呋喃类的新型木脂素，其结构由不同光谱和X-单晶衍射所确证。

With the observation of the outward appearances, it can be known roughly that if the sample was added with adulterations. Since the beeswax dissolves in the benzene but the adulterations, such as gypsum, starch and so on do not, these can be determined. By the verification of acid value and alcohol dissolve ability, the acid or non acid added can be determined. By the change of saponification value, the ester or non ester added can be determined. By the carbonification degree in the concentrated sulphuric acid, the mineral wax, such as paraffin wax added can be determined.

通过样品外观的观察初步定性是否掺有杂质；利用纯蜂蜡在苯中溶解，而掺入的石膏、面粉和淀粉等杂质在苯中不溶而定量鉴定这类杂质；由酸值变化和乙醇溶解物的量，测定掺入的硬脂酸等酸性物质或其它的非酸性物质；由皂化值变化，定量测定掺入的动物脂等酯类物质或其它的非酯类物质；根据蜂蜡中的烃类在浓硫酸中可被炭化，加入的石蜡等矿物蜡不被炭化来测定此类掺杂物。

RESULTS:Six flavonoids 6-C-glycopyranosyl-8-C-glycopyranosyl apigenin(1),6-C-arabinosyl-8-C-glycopyranosyl apigenin(2),6-C-glycopyranosyl-8-C-arabinosyl apigenin(3),6-C-glycopyranosyl-8-C-xyloeyl apigenin(4),6-C-glycopyranosyl luteolin(5),luteolin(6),one chromone isobiflorin(7),and one lignanoid-isolariciresinol(8),were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of this plant,respectively.

结果：从毛鸡骨草地上部分的正丁醇部位分离并鉴定了8个化合物，黄酮类化合物：芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-葡萄糖苷（1），芹菜素-6-C-阿拉伯糖-8-C-葡萄糖苷（2），芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-阿拉伯糖苷（3），芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-木糖苷（4），木犀草素-6-C-葡萄糖苷（5），木犀草素（6）；色原酮类化合物：异双花母草素（7）；木脂素类化合物：-异落叶松树脂醇（8）。

This product is the main ingredient of the drug salvia for the fat-soluble quinone-type diterpene of phenolic acids and water-soluble components, have cardiovascular aspects of the pharmacological effects, in recent years, studies show that water-yong Danshensu components of the lunwen114expansion of the heart Cerebro-vascular, anti-platelet aggregation, the removal of oxygen free radicals, such as the role of a quinone-type diterpene of tanshinone stronger, and water-soluble components of anti-myocardial ischemia is the main ingredient.

本品的主药丹参的有效成分为脂溶性的二萜醌类和水溶性的酚酸类成分，均具有心血管方面的药理作用，近年来研究表明水镕性成分丹参素的扩张心脑血管，抗血小板聚集，清除氧自由基等作用较二萜醌类的丹参酮更强，且水溶性成分是抗心肌缺血的主要成分。

Compounds, including 15 new C21 steroids, were isolated from the alcohol abstracts of the ratten of Marsdenia tenacissima. 37 of them are C21 steriods and their glycosides, the rest 5 compounds are lignans.

从通光散藤茎的乙醇提取物中，共分离得到42个化合物，其中包括C21甾体及其甾体皂甙类化合物37个，木脂体类化合物5个，有15个新化合物，均为C21甾体类化合物。

Based on relative literatures,this part has included five resesearch aspects as below.1 Fifteen compounds were isolated and purified by extraction,column chromatography,and their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis: acteoside(Ⅰ-1),isoacteoside(Ⅰ-2),crenatoside(Ⅰ-3),cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4),sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5),adenosine(Ⅰ-6),β-siterol(Ⅰ-7),oleanic acid(Ⅰ-8), succinic acid(Ⅰ-9),caffeic acid(Ⅰ-10),protocatechuic aldehyde(Ⅰ-11),p-hydro xybenzyl alcohol(Ⅰ-12),β-daucosterol(Ⅰ-13),D-galacitol(Ⅰ-14),D-mannitol(Ⅰ-15).Ⅰ-4～15 were obtained from this plant for the first time,andⅠ-6,7,9,and 13 were isolated from Orobanche genus for the first time.2 The scavenging test of DPPH showed that most compounds have comparative antioxidant activity as L-ascorbic acid and part of them show better activity such as the O.coerulescens extract and phenylethanoid glycosides.Acteoside showed potent free radical scavenging effects with a median inhibition concentration of 25.6μg/ml.3 The anti-HBV activities of acteoside,isoacteoside and crenatoside were measured,and all of them showed suppressive activity on the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.

本论文在文献调研基础上对紫花列当化学成分及生物活性进行了研究，并从免疫抗病毒角度探讨紫花列当中特征性成分类叶升麻苷的肝保护作用及其机制。1采用大孔树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术对紫花列当进行系统的植物化学研究，从中分离得到19个化合物，利用UV和NMR等波谱手段及理化性质鉴定了其中的15个化合物，分别为类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-1)、异类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-2)、crenatoside(Ⅰ-3)、cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4)、sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5)、腺苷(Ⅰ-6)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ-7)、齐墩果酸(Ⅰ-8)、琥珀酸(Ⅰ-9)、咖啡酸(Ⅰ-10)、原儿茶醛(Ⅰ-11)、对羟甲基苯甲酸(Ⅰ-12)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅰ-13)、D-半乳糖醇(Ⅰ-14)和甘露醇(Ⅰ-15除化合物Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2和Ⅰ-3外，其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。2)通过大孔树脂富集该药材有效部位苯乙醇总苷，并采用HPLC测得其所含特征性成分类叶升麻苷的含量可达80%以上。3DPPH自由基清除试验显示紫花列当提取物及其所含的苯乙醇苷类化合物均具有较好的抗氧化能力，其清除DPPH自由基能力接近于抗坏血酸。4采用卡介苗整体致敏、脂多糖离体攻击构建大鼠原代肝细胞免疫性损伤模型，在体外观察类叶升麻苷的保肝作用。

It was found that the titled amine in which although dimethyl aniline and triethyl amine both were contained, possesses less efficiency of photoinitiation while it was composed with ketone as an initiated system.

苯基派嗦类化合物是一类特殊的胺类化物，如苯基乙基呱嗦就可看作为一种三级芳胺和另一种三级脂胺组合而成的化合物，然而对这类化合物和酮组合构成的光引发体系的研究，过去报道较少。

The effects of phenolic acid compounds in vegetables and fruits on metabolicactivation of BaP in rats,as well as 〓 and TCA induced lipid peroxidation inmouse and Salmonella typhimurium TA104 cells were investigated using DNAadducts as a biomarker to assess DNA damage induced by xenobiotic carcinogens.BaP was used to study the genotoxic carcinogenesis,while 〓 and TCA were usedto study the non-genotoxic carcinogenesis.The possible protection mechanisms ofphenolic acid compounds on DNA damage were studied.

本研究根据化学致癌过程的遗传毒性和非遗传毒性机理，以DNA加合物作为机体接触外来化学物而导致DNA损伤的生物学标志物，通过观察酚酸类化合物对大鼠体内BaP活化代谢以及〓和TCA诱导小鼠肝微粒体脂质过氧化的影响，及酚酸类化合物对BaP和TCA诱导的沙门氏菌TA100和TA104形成DNA加合物的影响，探讨蔬菜、水果中酚酸类化合物对外来化学物诱导的DNA损伤的保护机制。

Terpenoids are mainly occurred on marine algae, coral, sponge and some fungi by monoterpene, sesquiterpene, diterpene and triterpene. and glycosides with structures of lipid, steroid and terpenoid are distributed to marine algae, sponge, sea cucumber and starfish.

这些新发现的萜类化合物广泛分布于海藻、珊瑚、海绵以及一些海洋真菌等海洋生物中，主要以单萜、倍半萜、二萜、三萜结构型式存在；而糖苷类化合物在海藻、海绵、海参、海星等海洋生物中发现大部分以糖苷脂、甾体糖苷、萜类糖苷型式存在。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。