能力上的

The first part introduces MPA's historical development in America and its particular characteristics. This partmainly focuses on 5 main characteristics, namely,(1) the development of practical skills as the highest priority in their educational formation,(2) the experience-oriented enrollment system;(3) the perfected curriculum setting,(4) the effective and flexible teaching methods, and (5) the highly trained faculty. The second part analyzes the background and key problems of Chinese MPA's education. It includes a lack of specialized educational aims, an overly grade-conscious enrolment system, a need for a more flexible curriculum, a shortage of "case-oriented" teaching methods and the dearth of a highly trained faculty. The third part proposes a theoretical framework based on the MPA educational model.

本文首先阐述了美国MPA教育的发展历程，并在追溯历史的基础上总结了美国MPA教育的主要特点，即：能力为先的培养目标、注重经历的招生办法、完善多样的课程设置、灵活有效的教学方式以及专兼结合的师资队伍五个方面；然后分析了我国MPA教育产生与发展的宏观背景与学科背景，并从MPA教育微观层面对我国目前存在的主要问题进行剖析，这些问题包括培养目标缺乏个性、招生录取偏重分数、课程设置弹性不足、案例教学较为薄弱、队伍建设有待加强；再从MPA教育的学科性质、培养目标、学科基础、课程设置、馨糕孺教学方法等方面构筑了MPA教育的基本理论框架：最后，提出了我国MPA教育改革与发展的基本思路与主要对策，思路着眼于MPA教育的长远发展，对策主要针对目前我国MPA教育存在的主要问题，包括：适时调整宏观政策、加大教学创新力度、强化师资队伍建设、加强硬件环境建设以及构建开放教育网络五个方面。

It focuses on examining the subjects' abilities to find tonality and mode, perceive tendency of melodic pitches and harmonic functional progression, and recognize meter and segment the groups of rhythm. We can thus consider whether or not receiving harmonic training has an influence on recognizing meter and segment groups of rhythm.

它包含调式调性的确定、旋律音高的倾向、和声的功能解决、拍号的识别以及节奏组合的划分等测验项目，实验结果表明，师范类音乐专业大学生对调性音乐音高层面基本组合规则的感知能力不存在统计意义上的差异；是否学过和声对个体把握音乐在时间层面的基本组合规则具有影响作用。

Hereinto, the study of Multi-Agent simulation of economies based on the complex adaptive system theory is an important research branch of the complexity of economy.

首先，由于现实经济中涉及的因素众多，相互关系复杂，给数学方法的运用带来了一定困难；其次，传统方法没有很好地解决经济系统的层次性结构问题，因此，无法对不同层次的特性差异给予一个整体性的解释，也就产生了宏观、微观相互脱节的理论体系上的缺陷；再次，传统经济理论对现实经济普遍存在的信息不完备与不确定性尚不能给予系统的解释；最后，传统经济中以观测数据为基础的经验主义的研究方法，无法深入了解经济的微观运行过程，从而降低了理论对现实的解释与预测能力。

Freud is unique in his ability to paint the texture of skin over flesh, and his portraits have a subjective, haunting quality that has led to him being dubbed 'the Ingres of existentialism'.

弗洛伊德在表现肌肉上的皮肤的质感方面有独特的能力，，而且由于他的肖像画有一种主观的，不易忘怀的特质，导致人们把他戏称为"表现存在主义的安格尔"（安格尔是《泉》的作者，秉诚注）。

We persist in China media operation, give mature consideration to the development trend of China media, and seek the new pattern of the China media management; study and apply the advanced experience of international media industry, believe in the conformity of the media domain resources and the system.

我们秉持对中国传媒经营的执著，深入思考中国传媒经营的方向，探寻中国传媒经营的规律；学习和借鉴国际传媒业在运营上的先进经验，信奉整合传媒领域资源的系统理念，用诚信和智慧服务客户，用厚重的策划和超强的执行能力构建市场冲击波，寻求效率和效果的极致，为客户提供全程系列化广告、新闻和公关服务，全面满足客户的需要。

The correspondence of these brain findings to current psychotherapeutic practice is remarkable," he also noted."

这些关于脑部的反应和现有的精神疗法的一致性非常值得注意，"他还说，"最有效的边缘人格异常的疗法，辩证的行为疗法，是建立在病人不能与人交流并尝试去建立这种能力的推论上的。

Secondly, relations between the structuralism and physics teaching illustrate that the physics history can play the role of "advanced organizer" in improving the transfer ability. Moreover, the theory of recapitulation of physics announces the inherent similarity between the process of physics research and the process of physics conception learning. According to constructivist learning theories, the dissertation explains the process of students' learning the scientific concepts.

首先论文通过分析比较皮亚杰认知发展论和库恩科学发展论得出教育实践应与科学发展规律保持一致，应重视物理学史在物理教学中的应用，对于不同认知水平的学生和不同类型的知识应采用不同的教学方法：其次从结构主义与物理教学的关系说明物理学史在提高迁移能力上可以扮演"先行组织者"的角色；再次，通过物理文化重演理论揭示人类研究物理学的过程与学生学习物理概念的过程的内在相似性，并根据建构主义学习理论解释学生学习科学概念的过程。

Several experimental applications have been developed finally. In this paper, there areinnovations from the following four aspects:1. Definition and research methods of current distributed system and distributedinteractive simulation system follow those of traditional parallel computing system.While this paper points out it is one-sided to measure the scalability just from thenumber of processors and performance of a system, because the resources of distributed systems are heterogeneous and they can be used in diverse applications. Inthis paper, scalability of distributed interactive simulation platform is defined as theability of scaling (including scale-up and scale-down) in functionality and performanceof systems which is run on the platform when number of processors and otherhardware resources such as network change, i.e. when problem size is scaled up and system resources is increased, the performanceremains fixed and it is easy to expand the functions of simulationapplications.

本文的创新工作主要体现在下述4个方面：1、现有的分布式系统和分布式交互仿真系统可扩性的定义和研究方法都沿用了传统的并行计算系统可扩性的定义和研究方法，本文指出分布式系统的系统资源异构多样、应用种类丰富多样，只从传统方法采用的处理机资源和性能角度衡量一个系统是否可扩是有一定的片面性，提出了分布式交互仿真平台可扩性的定义是在处理机和网络等系统资源变化时，运行在平台上的分布式交互仿真系统在性能和功能方面发生扩缩的能力，即当问题规模扩大时，增加系统资源，系统能获得指定的性能及在功能方面能方便进行扩充。

The Paper firstly, discusses the theories of quality management, arranges and analyses the basic philosophy of guaranteeing teaching quality of Master of Education in general. By retrospection the development of the graduate education in the United States, the type and major of Master of Education in the United States are identified, and the main characteristics of the graduate education in the United States are summed up. And these characteristics include: appropriate training objectives, standards of graduate admission which require the capacity for the first, curriculums which are set pragmatically and flexibly, tutors which are selected strictly, different training models, a variety of teaching methods, internal quality assurance system which is standardized and effective, a wide range of external forces of quality control.

论文首先探讨全面质量管理理论，梳理和辨析教育硕士专业学位研究生教学质量保证的基本理念，在追溯美国研究生教育发展历程的基础上，总结美国教育硕士的种类与专业，归纳美国硕士研究生教学质量保证的内外部措施是：制定适切的培养目标；能力为先的研究生录取标准；注重实效灵活的课程的设置；完善的教师管理机制；各具特色的培养模式；丰富多样的教学方法；以学生为中心，发挥学生主体作用；规范有效的内部教学质量管理制度；多元化的外部质量监控力量。

Inhistory,Vico thought that there be an analogue between the development of human faculty and the structure of the development of human history,and that he common human nature is basis of human history with laws.

维柯还把这种人学观贯彻到他的历史观中，认为人的能力的发展与人类历史的发展有结构上的类似性。维柯以此确认人类的共同本性，并且确认人类的共同本性是人类历史有规律发展的基础。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。