胺化

The synthetic route starts from penicillin G, peroxyacetic acid(8.5%) as Oxidizing Agent to get penicillin G sulfoxide; esterifided with p-nitrobenzyl bromine to synthesize penicillin G sulfoxide ester; we synthesize 3-exomethylenecepham sulfoxide ester with phthalimide potassium and 4A molecular sieve as acid scavenger to open the ring, SnCl_4 as catalyzation to close the ring. The yield is over 60%.

本研究采用的合成路线为：以青霉素G钾盐为原料，选用工业过氧化氢制备的过氧乙酸(22.3%)稀释至8.5%为氧化剂，氧化得青霉素亚砜；采用对硝基溴苄为酯化试剂，制备青霉素亚砜酯；以NCP(N-氯代邻苯二甲酰亚胺)为开环试剂，酞酰亚胺钾和4A型分子筛为酸清除剂，顺利开环；再经无水SnCl_4催化闭环得3-环外亚甲基头孢亚砜酯，最终产率在60%以上。

Poly（p-vinylbenzyl succinimide） resin,which can be abbreviated to succinimide resin,was prepared by the reaction of chloromethylated polystyrene with succinimide in the presence of base. The succinimide resin was characterized by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectrometry and elemental analysis.

摘 要：在碱性条件下，氯甲基化聚苯乙烯与丁二酰亚胺反应合成了聚（对乙烯基苄基丁二酰亚胺）树脂，采用元素分析、红外光谱对合成树脂的组成进行了表征。

The hydrophobic core serves as a reservoir for water-insoluble drugs.Hence,these nanoparticles can be used as carriers for hydrophobic drugs.For the synthesis of cholesterol-modified glycol chitosan conjugates,a carboxyl group was initially introduced to cholesterol molecule using succinic anhydride,and then covalently coupled with the primary amino group of glycol chitosan in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxyl succinimide.

本文采用二步反应将胆固醇接枝到乙二醇壳聚糖，首先将胆固醇进行羧基化，将胆固醇与琥珀酸酐反应生成胆固醇半琥珀酸酯，然后用1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐与N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺作为偶联剂，将胆固醇半琥珀酸酯的羧基与乙二醇壳聚糖主链的氨基进行反应，得到胆固醇疏水改性乙二醇壳聚糖共聚物。

Disclosed is a polyimide resin having a glass transition temperature of 200-320 DEG C and containing a siloxane diamine residue, a fluorene diamine residue and a specific tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride residue at certain ratios.

本发明提供玻璃化转变温度为200～320℃，以特定比例含有硅氧烷系二胺残基、芴系二胺残基和特定四羧酸二酐残基的聚酰亚胺树脂。

The invention relates to condensation products comprised of cyclic carboxylic acid anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids, tricarboxylic acid anhydrides or tetracarboxylic acid anhydrides and difunctional polyamines, especially polyoxyalkylene amines.

本发明涉及由二元羧酸的环状羧酸酐、三羧酸酐或四羧酸酐和二官能化多胺，特别是聚氧化烯胺制备的缩合产物。

The phosphorus oxychloride or phosphorus tribromide N, N-dimethylformamide mix and react to form the Vilsmeier reagent used in the reaction. The newly prepared Vilsmeier reagent is added into the reaction bottle provided with the return condenser and the blender; a reaction raw material N, N-dimethylformamide solution expressed in the reaction formula is added into the system; the temperature is risen; the corresponding multi substituting pyridine-2 (1 H)-ketone compound can be made after the column chromatography of the silica gel; the production rate is between 60 and 95 percent according to different reactions.

由三氯氧磷或三溴化磷N，N-二甲基甲酰胺混合获得反应中所用Vilsmeier试剂；将新配制的Vilsmeier试剂加入装有回流冷凝管、搅拌器的反应瓶中，向体系中加入反应通式中表示的一种反应原料的N，N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液，升温，经硅胶柱层析分离得相应的多取代吡啶-2(1H)-酮类化合物，产率视不同反应在60~95％之间。

The purity of the labelled LL-EPO was determined by both trichloroacetic acid and SDS-PAGE method, and the biological activity was determined by the reticulocyte counting method .

同时比较了双相氯胺-T法和常规氯胺-T法标记LL-EPO、凝胶过滤和离心超滤法分离纯化标记蛋白的效果；并初步探讨了温度对标记蛋白放化纯度的影响。

The content of this thesis is divided into four chapters. Chapter one introduces the serine octamer including the formation of this magic number cluster and the strong preference for homochirality and the possibility of its importance related to the prebiotic chemistry.

在本论文中，第一章介绍质子化丝胺酸团簇，其中的丝胺酸八聚体於质谱中具有强度异常高的现象，且被认为可能与生命起源有关，因而其结构成为大家所极欲探究的主题。

The 3565 cm-1 band, on the other hand, progressively decreases in intensity with increasing n and it disappears completely at n = 8, suggesting that the protonated serine octamer is dominated by zwitterionic structures.Chapter four gives a conclusion.

当此团簇的丝胺酸数目渐多时，第一根吸收峰（3565 cm-1）的高度则随著渐减，直到八聚体时这根吸收峰完全消失，证明了质子化丝胺酸八聚体在气相状态下的结构是以两性离子为主。

Results showed that there were the morphological changes of mitochondria, such as vacuolization, degeneration and cristae swelling or disappearance, in HT-29 cells treated by C2-ceramide for 24 hours. Under the fluorescence microscope, mitochondria of apoptotic cells aggregated and emitted red fluorescence, however, mitochondria of normal cells emitted green fluorescence. The mitochondrial membrane potential began to decrease after 6 hours in HT-29 cells treated with C2-ceramide in time and dose dependent manner.

结果显示C2-神经酰胺作用HT-29细胞24小时，线粒体发生空泡化、变性、嵴肿胀或消失等形态学改变；此时荧光显微镜下可观察到线粒体聚集，发出红色荧光，而正常细胞线粒体发出绿色荧光。C2-神经酰胺作用细胞6小时，线粒体膜电位即开始降低，呈时间-剂量-效应关系。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新