胸膜

Methods Five groups (n=24) of SD rats were randomly assigned to received intrapleural injection of dexamethasone, dipopolysaccharide, erythromycin, hypertonic saline and normal saline, respectively. The AQP1 protein in pleural was detected with immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression of AQP1 under stimulations at different time points was measured by real time RT-PCR.

SD大鼠按实验设计分为5组(n=24)：地塞米松组、内毒素组、红霉素组、高渗盐水组及对照组，通过免疫组织化学染色测定AQP1在胸膜上的表达和定位；采用Real-time RT-PCR方法对不同刺激因子作用下不同时间胸膜组织AQP1的基因表达进行定量分析。

The density of mass whose diameter is less than 3cm is unequal,the mass is lobulous;The thin slice of high-resolution CT scanning may find vacuole.

肿瘤病灶边缘可见毛刺、棘突、支气管血管纠集、胸膜粘连和胸膜凹陷征等。

Methods The clinical and pathological features of a patient with diffuse myxoid MFH of pleura from this hospital were analyzed, and the reported literature of 7 patients with MFH of pleura were reviewed.

方法分析我院收治的1例胸膜弥漫性黏液性MFH患者的临床和病理资料，并分析国内外文献报道的7例胸膜MFH病例。

PCP is one of important respiratory diseases in intensive pig farms, which continues to have a worldwide economic significance. The peracute or acute form may lead to a lot of pig death; the subacute or chronic form may also cause severe economic losses to the swine industry by lowering the speed of growth and the conversion efficiency of feed.

胸膜肺炎是规模化猪场最重要的呼吸道病之一，影响着全球的养猪业，最急性和急性胸膜肺炎可造成死亡，而亚急性和慢性病例则可导致猪生长缓慢，饲料报酬降低。

Nodules can usually be seen to involve the pleural surfaces and fissures, but lack the subpleural predominance often seen in patients with a perilymphatic distribution.

但淋巴管周围结节型的在胸膜下分布的多（淋巴结周围型的结节数量很多分布于胸膜下———译者注

Results The ultrasonic examination of tuberculosis hydrothorax showed that hydrothorax in thoracic cavity had no echo zone with clear sound transparent;pleura was thickened uniformly;opaque dark area of fluid had no parenchymatous phyma.Ultrasonic examination of cancerous hydrothorax showed that hydrothorax in thoracic cavity had no echo zone filled with full of thin light spots;sound transparent was not very clear;pleura showed uniform thickening;opaque dark area of fluid had parenchymatous uniform phyma.

结果 结核性胸腔积液超声检查显示胸腔内胸腔积液无回声区透声清，胸膜均匀性增厚，液性暗区内未见实质性肿块；癌性胸腔积液超声检查显示胸腔内胸腔积液无回声区内充满细小光点，透声欠清，胸膜多呈非均匀性增厚，液性暗区内可见有实质非均质性肿块。

Ultrasonic examination of cancerous hydrothorax showed that hydrothorax in thoracic cavity had no echo zone filled with full of thin light spots;sound transparent was not very clear;pleura showed uniform thickening;opaque dark area of fluid had parenchymatous uniform phyma.

结果 结核性胸腔积液超声检查显示胸腔内胸腔积液无回声区透声清，胸膜均匀性增厚，液性暗区内未见实质性肿块；癌性胸腔积液超声检查显示胸腔内胸腔积液无回声区内充满细小光点，透声欠清，胸膜呈非均匀性增厚，液性暗区内可见有实质非均质性肿块。

The stimulations of dexamethasone, lipopolysaccharide, erythromycin and hypertonic saline can significantly change the AQP1 expression in pleura, which indicate that AQP1 may contribute to the accumulation and clearance of pleuritic fluids. Aquaporin-1;Pleura;Pleural effusion;Dexamethasone;Lipopolysaceharide;Erythromycin;Hypertonic saline

地塞米松、内毒素、红霉素和高渗盐水刺激下胸膜组织AQP1表达的改变，提示存在炎症因子和渗透梯度下调控AQP1的途径，胸膜组织上AQP1可能参与了炎症性胸腔积液的分泌和吸收。

Results Among the 149 patients of tuberculous pleuritis and pleural fluid, 16 patients in the thoracoscope group (n=19) were found to have granulation tissue, chronic inflammation and so on in their pleural tissue, which confirmed the histological changes of tuberculous pleuritis and the detection rate was 84.21%.

结果 胸腔镜组16例发现胸膜组织中存在肉芽组织和慢性炎症等，符合结核性胸膜炎的组织学改变，检出率为84.21%；经皮针吸胸膜活检组67例符合结核性胸膜炎的组织学改变，检出率为51.54%，两组检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P.05)。

The clinical observation and its nursing process of combining pneumohemothorax in closure rib fracture from 63 examples in our hospital were summarized. 49 examples were cured by the pleura cavity puncture or the closed drainage of the pleura cavity. The other 14 examples cured naturally without any treatment.

总结我院收治的63例闭合性肋骨骨折病人合并血气胸的临床观察及相应的护理过程。49例经过胸膜腔穿刺或胸膜腔闭式引流、剖胸探查修补裂口、止血、纠正休克等措施后均治愈，其余14例未作特殊处理自愈。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。