胸腺

Apoptosis of lymphocytes in bone marrow, spleen, thymus and bursa was detected by light microscope, electron microscope and terminal- deoxynucleotidyl transferase UIP nick end labeling. The results showed ALV-J could induce incoordinate apoptosis of lymphocytes in thymus, bursa and spleen, which was mainly found in early time. And the apoptosis was much more obvious in thymus than in other immune organs.

以电镜观察和HE染色、原位末端标记染色光镜观察对ALV-J感染和混合感染鸡的骨髓、脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊等免疫器官中淋巴细胞的凋亡进行了形态学研究，首次发现ALV-J可诱导胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏中不同程度的淋巴细胞凋亡，凋亡主要见于早期，ALV-J与REV混合感染时淋巴细胞凋亡尤为显著，以胸腺中最为明显。

The result indicate that the DPV DNA can be firstly detected 2 hours after inoculability from brain,liver,spleen,bursa of fabricius,thymus.

结果表明，接种2小时后即能够从脑、肝、脾、法氏囊、胸腺中检出DPV DNA.12小时，即可从心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、十二指肠、直肠、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、脑组织、胸肌、食道、腺胃、血液、舌头、口腔分泌物、皮肤、骨髓和粪便等20种组织器官中检测到DPV的DNA。检出时间最早和检出率最高的组织器官为肝脏和脑组织。

Thymosin, which was firstly purified from noncellular extraction solution of bovine thymus by Goldstein in 1965, has been researched for more than 150 years.

人类对胸腺素的研究已有150多年的历史。1965年由Goldstein等从小牛胸腺的无细胞浸出液中，经初步纯化得到了胸腺素。

Objective:in order to compare the curative effects of using lamirudine and thymosin together with using thymosin only to the paients of chronic hepatitis b.methods:we had chosen 27 medical cases of chronic hepatitis b,which were divided into two groups:15 cases asone group,and 12 cases as the other group.let group a take 100 mglamirudine orally,qd,with half a year as a period of treatment.at the same time givethe patients injections of 100 mg thymosin,qd,for a month.to group b was only takenlamirudine.alt,tbil,the indicators of the virosis of hepatitis b (hbsag,hbeag,hbv-dna)were observed as quatos.results: at the end of the treatment, the rates that groupa and group b made hbsag transform into negative were respectively 26.67% and 16.67%(p＞0.05);hbeag:33.33%,8.33%;hbv-dna:53.33%,33.33%(p＞0.05).conclusion:combining thymic peptide with 3tc to treat chronic type b hepatitis, thymic peptide will not only promote b-cell to mature and transformation, but also to keep the subpopulation of t-cell in immune system in balance, which can enhance the reaction of matured t-cell to the antigen or other stimulus.

目的：比较拉米夫定（3tc）与胸腺肽联用和单用拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效。方法：选择慢性乙型肝炎患者27例，分为联合组15例和拉米夫定组12例；联合组用拉米夫定100 mg，口服，qd，疗程半年，合并用胸腺肽100 mg，静滴，qd，疗程1个月。拉米夫定组单用拉米夫定。以谷丙转氨酶、血清胆红素、乙肝病毒标志物(hbsag，hbeag，hbv-dna)为观察指标，比较不同治疗方案对指标的影响。结果：治疗结束时联合组与拉米夫定组对慢性乙肝患者血清hbsag阴转率分别是26.67％和16.67％(p＞0.05)；hbeag阴转率分别是33.33％和8.33％(p＞0.05)；hbv-dna阴转率分别是53.33％和33.33％(p＞0.05)。结论：胸腺肽联合3tc治疗慢乙肝，胸腺肽具有促进t淋巴细胞的成熟和转化，并维持免疫系统各t淋巴细胞亚群间的平衡作用，能增强成熟t淋巴细胞对抗原或其他刺激的反应。

Among them VLP- 1 100 mg / kg d acts best, the transition rate of achroacyte reach 65.5013%, each VLP -1 dosage has apparent effects to the live weight gain of normal rats' immunization organic, VLP-1 50 mg / kg d and 100 mg / kg d have sorely significantly live weight gain function to thymus and milt, when VLP-1 is 25 mg / kg d, the thymus weight increase sorely significantly while milt increase not too much.

各VLP一1剂量对正常小鼠免疫器官的增重均有明显作用，其中VLP一1在50 mg/kg.d、100 mg/kg·d剂量下对胸腺、脾脏有极显著地增重作用，在25mg/kg 。d 剂量下极显著地增加胸腺重量，而对脾脏增重无影响；粗多糖仅在100mg/kg·d 剂量下对脾脏增重有明显作用外，其余各剂量对正常小鼠胸腺、脾脏增重无影响。

In PsNPV infected treatment, the color of the gland was purple-black dyed with eosin and the cells were distortedly squeezed together. The tracheae nearby showed grievous pathological changes and a lot of white granules deposited around it. The pathological changes in PsGV infected treatment showed another pattern. The gland body was relative small with smaller individual cells, most of which were red dyed with eosin. The cell limits were obscure.In coinfected treatment,there were few gland cells colorated by esoin.

结果表明，不同感染组粘虫前胸腺腺体都有不同程度的组织病变，PsNPV感染组在感染晚期与前胸腺相连的气管严重病变，出现大量白色颗粒状物累积，被伊红染成紫黑色，腺体细胞被挤压变形；PsGV感染组的前胸腺腺体变小，单个细胞也小，细胞界限不十分明显；两种病毒混合感染组的腺体细胞小，能被伊红染色的细胞极少。

Results In all 30 cases ,we found 14 thymoma , 1 ectopic thymoma, 8 invasion thymoma , 2 thymic carcinoid,2 thymic carcinoma, 2 thymic lymphadenoma,1 cervical thymic cyst.

结果 30例患者中，胸腺瘤14例，异位胸腺瘤1例，侵袭性胸腺瘤8例，胸腺类癌2例，胸腺癌2例，胸腺淋巴瘤2例，颈部胸腺囊肿1例。

In the article, we took part sample out of 158 patients to exam the expression level of Bcl-2 and Fas in myasthenic thymus tissue, and to find the role of which in whole pathogenesis. we also try to find the role of neopterin and sIL-2R through examing the concentration of neopterin and sIL-2R in peripheral blood of 26 MG patients. Material and methods1.select of case: to choose 158 patients who wear followed up from 1988 to 2002 after operation. All patients were diagnosed as MG, and treated with same medical cure during period of preoperation and post operation. 2.Collectionofdata:.To collect all data through designing a uniform follow-up table for thymectomized patients ,and to analysis the effect of factors including age, gender, disease duration of preoperation, clinic types and pathological types to prognosis at three follow-up period?

本文拟在对全组病例的远期预后进行流行病学统计分析的基础上，通过抽取一定量样本，研究重症肌无力患者胸腺组织中伽 12、Fas的异常表达及生发中心的形成在重症肌无力发病机制中可能的作用，以及它们对胸腺切除术后远期预后的影响；与之相似，通过检测部分样本外周血清中新碟吟和可溶性IL－2受体的浓度及其与正常对照组的差异，以期推测两者在重症肌无力起病及病情进展中的作用和意义，并分析其对胸腺切除术后远期预后的影响。

The expression of Cat V was significantly raised in the epithelial-rich and mixed cell thymomas when compared with that in the lymphocyte-rich ones. No statistically significant difference was found on the variables such as perioperative myasthenic crisis, sex or age of patient, duraton of sickness and expression of Cat V.

上皮细胞型(75.00%)和混合细胞型(85.00%)胸腺瘤中Cat V阳性表达率显著高于淋巴细胞型(21.21%)(P.01)，而上皮细胞型与混合细胞型之间差异无统计学意义；良性与恶性胸腺瘤中Cat V阳性表达率差异无统计学意义；男性患者与女性患者之间、35岁以上患者与以下患者之间胸腺瘤中Cat V阳性表达率差异均无统计学意义。

The thymuses of ZD rats appeared atrophy, with thin cortex, unclear boundary of thymus cortex and mudulla, and decreased thymocytes.

3显微镜下观察，ZD组大鼠胸腺明显萎缩，皮质变薄、疏松，皮、髓质分界模糊，胸腺细胞明显减少，胸腺小体的数量也明显减少。补锌后，ZS组胸腺的病理结构有明显恢复，与ZA〓组无明显差异。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。