胸腔

The direct signs of Pulmonary embolism were luminal constriction,emphraxis,branched decreased,intraluminal lowD filling defect of blood vessel;while the indirect signs,formation of pulmonary infarction focus,pleural effusion,pneumonia,atelectasis,pulmonary dilatation and hydropericardium,etc.

肺栓塞的直接征象为管腔狭窄、阻塞、分支减少及血管腔内的低密度充盈缺损，间接征象为肺梗死灶形成、胸腔积液、肺炎、肺不张、肺动脉增宽、心包积液等。

The direct signs of Pulmonary embolism were luminal constriction,emphraxis,branched decreased,intraluminal low??D filling defect of blood vessel;while the indirect signs,formation of pulmonary infarction focus,pleural effusion,pneumonia,atelectasis,pulmonary dilatation and hydropericardium,etc.

肺栓塞的直接征象为管腔狭窄、阻塞、分支减少及血管腔内的低密度充盈缺损，间接征象为肺梗死灶形成、胸腔积液、肺炎、肺不张、肺动脉增宽、心包积液等。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of thoracic close drainage on the treatment of chronic tuberculous empyema.

目的 探讨胸腔闭式引流在慢性结核性脓胸治疗中的应用价值。

Methods Clinical data of 156 cases of chronic tuberculous empyema treated with thoracic close drainage were retrospectively analyzed.

回顾分析胸腔闭式引流治疗156例结核性脓胸患者的）临床资料。

Video-assisted thoracoscopic techniques can be applied in empyema I,Ⅱ and early Ⅲ phase surgical treatment.

电视胸腔镜技术可运用于脓胸 I 、Ⅱ期及Ⅲ期初期的外科治疗。

Methods The reviewing clinical materials of analysing 8 patients with empyema treated by video-assisted thoracoseopic was done in our department.

目的 总结电视胸腔镜技术在脓胸治疗方面的临床经验和应用价值。

Methods The clinical data of 28 cases of reexpansion pulmonary edema from 1980 to 2006 were analyzed retrospectively.There were 11 cases after spontanecous pneumothorax drainage and operation, 9 cases after empyema drainage and operation ,5 cases after pulmonary operation and 3 cases after thoracic huge tube tumor resection.

回顾性分析1980～2006年12月28例复张性肺水肿的病例资料，其中自发性气胸引流和手术后发生11例，脓胸引流及手术后发生9例，肺部手术5例，胸腔巨大肿瘤切除术后发生3例。

Methods Retrospective study was con-ducted on28cases of euplastic hemothorax caused by trauma as well as the curative effect of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

回顾总结28例因外伤导致的机化性血胸的病因以及胸腔镜治疗的手术方法和疗效。

Methods: From May 1985 to December 2002, 2240esophageal and stomach cardia cancer patients treated by intrathoracic esophagogastric "layer-to-layer"anastomosis with esophageal mucosa extended varied in plane were retrospectively analyzed.

回顾性总结1985年5月～2002年12月共进行胸腔内食管黏膜延长不同平面与胃、食管分层吻合术2240例，统计手术后和出院后随访资料发生吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄的情况。

Lung expansion increases extramural pressure (which helps pump blood out of the thorax) and thereby reduces LV afterload.

肺扩张可增加心脏壁外的压力（帮助血液从胸腔泵出的压力）从而降低左心室后负荷。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。