胸

In the literature, the incidence of a retroperitoneal lymphocele following surgery is 0.6 to 18% in renal transplantation,3,4,12 20 to 30% in radical surgery with lymphadenectomy for gynecological cancers,2,6,17 and 0.8 to 11% in urological procedures.9,15 There have been several reports on the formation of chylothorax or chyloascites following thoracic or upper lumbar spinal surgery because of injuries to the thoracic duct or cisterna chyli.1,8,16,1821 However, cases of retroperitoneal lymphoceles are extremely rare in lower lumbar spinal surgery.

在文献报导的引起腹膜后淋巴管瘤的手术中，肾移植中其发生率为0.6 到18%，妇科肿瘤淋巴结清扫根治性手术中为20 to 30%，泌尿系中为 0.8 to 11%。也曾经有几篇报导显示胸椎或上腰椎手术造成胸导管或乳糜池损伤引起乳糜胸或乳糜腹水。但是，下腰椎手术造成腹膜后淋巴管瘤则很少见。

The effect of F 1C on joint swelling and the immune respones of AA rats were evaluated by lymphocytotic reaction, flow cytometry, and ELISA. Results F 1C by ig administration to AA rats decreased the primary joint swelling of AA rats, stronger than TW and weaker than CsA, promoted the decreased splenocyte proliferation induced by Con A, and inhibited the augmented thymocyte proliferation induced by Con A in AA rats. The evaluation in vitro showed the F 1C inhibited the augmented thymocyte proliferation from AA rats and promoted the deficient IgG produced by splenocyte from AA rats.

结果 ig给予F1C(30mg／kg)对AA大鼠原发性足肿胀具有明显的治疗作用，该作用较TW强，较CsA弱；F-1C对AA大鼠低下的脾细胞增殖反应具有改善作用；对亢进的胸腺细胞增殖反应具有抑制作用。F-1C体外对AA大鼠低下的脾细胞产生IgG水平具有明显的促进作用，并能抑制亢进的胸腺细胞增殖反应。

Methods According to the accumulated scores of myasthenic crisis prediction, the patients with myasthenia gravis who underwent thymectomy in the past 5 years were divided into 2 groups: high risk group(12, n=11). The time of mechanical ventilation, restoration of muscle strength and spontaneously breathing during extubation, results of arterial blood gas analysis, body temperature, chest X-ray examination and sputum culture of each patient were analyzed.

32例ICU收治的重症肌无力胸腺切除术后的患者，根据危象预测积分，分为普通组（积分＜12分，n=21）和高危组（积分＞12分，n=11），对两组患者术后呼吸机支持时间、拔管前后肌力恢复情况、自主呼吸情况、动脉血气分析情况以及两组患者术后体温、胸片和痰培养结果进行统计分析。

Pseudelatia separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) infected with Pseudelatia separata NPV and Pseudelatia separata GV and coinfected with the two viruses, the structural characters of its prothoracic gland and the ultrastructure of the gland cells were observed. The results showed that pathological changes appeared in the infected PTGs.

观察比较了粘虫核型多角体病毒(Pseudelatia separata NPV，PsNPV)、粘虫颗粒体病毒(Pseudelatia separataGV，PsGV)感染粘虫，以及两种病毒混合感染粘虫后，粘虫前胸腺的形态特征和前胸腺细胞的超微结构。

A persistent elevation of sIL-2R was found in patients in infection group on days 1 through 14,with a peak value on the 3rd day to the 7th day,but no change in the noninfection group.

结果 ①重症胸外伤组伤后第1天sIL-2R及TNF-α水平皆高于胸外伤组和正常对照组；②创伤感染组sIL-2R水平持续升高，3～7 d最为显著，伤后14 d仍未降至正常水平，而创伤组无此改变。

Glioma is still one of refractory disease in the neurosurgical field; the development of new primary and adjuvant treatment is vital. Recently, the gene therapy of glioma is developed rapidly and there are many methods about the gene therapy that include: suicide gene therapy, immunologic gene therapy, drug resistangce gene therapy, angiostatin gene therapy and so on. The sucide gene therapy is the most potential approach of antitumer, these nonmammalian genes encode enzyme that convert nontoxic prodrugs into highly toxic metablites. Cells transfected with suicide genes are targeted for specific negative selection, witch can be induced by administrtion of the corresponding produg. Among the enzyme/produg combinations, two of the best characterized system are herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase /ganciclovir and Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase /5-flourocytosine (5-FC). The formor can convert the antiviral nucleoside analogs acyclovir , ganciclovir to their nucleoside monophosphate derivatives, the monophosphate forms are subsequently phosphorylated by endogenus cellular kinases to triphosphates, these molecules are potent inhibitors of DNA synthesis.

近年来脑胶质瘤的基因治疗发展迅速，应运而生的方法有自杀基因、免疫基因、多药耐药基因以及抗血管生成基因等，其中自杀基因被认为是最有前景的基因治疗方法，它又称病毒介导的酶／药物前体疗法，是利用转基因技术将哺乳动物细胞中所不含有的自杀基因转入到哺乳动物肿瘤细胞中，该基因表达的产物可将无毒的药物前体转化为毒性药物，从而选择性杀伤该肿瘤细胞，常用的自杀基因有单纯疱疹病毒-胸苷激酶基因和大肠杆菌胞嘧啶脱氨酶基因，前者催化无毒性抗病毒核苷类似物如丙氧鸟苷、无环鸟苷等成为单磷酸核苷衍生物，然后在内源性细胞激酶作用下转化为具有明显毒性的三磷酸核苷，作为DNA合成链的终止剂和DNA合成酶的抑制剂，干扰细胞DNA的合成；后者编码的胞嘧啶脱氨酶可催化5-氟胞嘧啶（5-FC）脱氨成为5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU），然后代谢为有毒性的5-氟尿嘧啶-5′三磷酸（5-FUTP）和5-氟-2′脱氧尿嘧啶-5′磷酸（5-FdUTP），5-FUTP通过与UTP竞争性结合而抑制mRNA和tRNA的合成，5-FdUTP则作用于胸苷合成酶，导致TMP衰竭而阻止DNA的合成，最终诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。

AIM: Obliterative bronchiolitis is the most important cause of graft dysfunction following lung transplantation.

1兰州大学附属第一医院胸外科，甘肃省兰州市 730000；2上海市肺科医院胸外科，上海市 200433

The changes of muscle protein content and pH values were observed. Results Thymus and spleen coefficients in high and low dosage group were 9.1±2.3, 6.3±1.1, respectively, and those of in the controll were 6.5±1.6, 3.4±0.5.The contents of muscle protein (g/100 g) in high, medium, and low dose groups were 24.68±0.55, 22.48±0.54, 21.22±1.25, respectively, lower than that of the control (31.83±2.36, P.05). Paramorphia of lymphocyte in high dose ciprofloxacin treated group was observed.

结果 对照组胸腺和脾脏系数分别为(9.1±2.3)，(6.3±1.1)mg/g，高剂量组胸腺和脾脏系数分别为(6.5±1.6)，(3.4±0.5)mg/g，与对照组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P.05或P.01）；而中、低剂量组的脾脏指数与对照组比较，差异均有统计学意义(P.05)；环丙沙星各剂量组与对照组比较，肌肉pH值变化不明显；环丙沙星高、中、低剂量肌肉蛋白质含量分别为(24.68±0.55)，(22.48±0.54)，(21.22±1.25)g/100 g，与对照组(31.83±2.36)g/100 g比较明显下降(P.05)；与对照组比较，高剂量组脾淋巴细胞形态异常。

The largest of these is the pectoralis, which depresses the wing in flight.

分为大胸肌和小胸肌，均起于胸骨及龙骨突，位于身体中心部位。

Through the thoracic Inspection of pectus excavatum and chicken that is to make the diagnosis, in order to determine whether the indications of surgical treatment, but also to carry out the necessary chest X-ray examination and determination of heart and brain function.

通过胸廓望诊对漏斗胸和鸡胸即对作出诊断，为了确定有无手术治疗的指征，还应进行必要的胸部X线检查和心脑功能测定。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。