胶质

To determine that the relationship between alteration of cell cycle of astroglia and formation of the epileptic condition.

第四部分通过对在致痫时星形胶质细胞细胞周期的研究，来探讨星形胶质细胞在癫痫形成中的作用机制。

Methods Rat astroglia were cultured and identified by glial fibrillary acid protein.

体外培养大鼠中脑星型胶质细胞，采用胶质纤维酸性蛋白免疫荧光法鉴定。

Objective To explore the protective effect of idazoxan on the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats and its effect on the change of microglia and astroglia in cervical cord and the expression of IFN-γ/IL-10 in serum.

目的 探讨咪唑克生(Idazoxan，Ida)对Lewis大鼠实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis， EAE）的干预作用，观察其对大鼠脊髓组织内小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞的变化和血清IFN-γ/IL-10表达的影响。

Dose-dependent toxic effects on primary cultured astroglia could be induced by being exposed to rotenone, but astroglia base higher tolerance to the same dose of rotenone compared with neurons.

鱼藤酮对体外培养星型胶质细胞可以产生明显的毒性损伤作用，但与神经元比较，星型胶质细胞对相同剂量的鱼藤酮染毒具有更强的耐受能力。

MTT assay and morphological observation were used to evaluate the toxicity of rotenone on astroglia,cell proliferation and the expression of CX43 mRNA were detected by growth curve analysis and RTPCR.

观察染毒星型胶质细胞形态，检测细胞活力，通过生长曲线分析鱼藤酮对星型胶质细胞增殖的影响以及RTPCR检测缝隙连接蛋白(connexin43，CX43)mRNA表达。

Dosedependent toxic effects on primary cultured astroglia could be induced by being exposed to rotenone,but astroglia have higher tolerance to the same dose of rotenone compared with neurons.

鱼藤酮对体外培养星型胶质细胞可以产生明显的毒性损伤作用，但与神经元比较，星型胶质细胞对相同剂量的鱼藤酮染毒具有更强的耐受能力。

Dosedependent toxic effects on primary cultured astroglia could be induced by being exposed to rotenone,but astroglia have higher tolerance to the same dose of rotenone compared with neurons.

鱼藤酮对体外培养星型胶质细胞可以产生明显的毒性损伤功能，但和神经元比较，星型胶质细胞对相同剂量的鱼藤酮染毒具有更强的耐受能力。

MTT assay arid morphological observation were used to evaluate the toxicity of rotenone on astroglia, cell proliferation and the expression of CX43 mRNA were detected by growth curve analysis and RT-PCR.

观察染毒星型胶质细胞形态，检测细胞活力，通过生长曲线分析鱼藤酮对星型胶质细胞增殖的影响以及RT-PCR检测缝隙连接蛋白(connexin43， CX43)mRNA表达。

Materials and Methods: Six patients with left frontal lobe tumors (4 gliomas, 1 germinoma, 1 intra-axial cavernoma) close to Brocca and Wernicke language areas were studied. BOLD and DTI were performed on a 3.0T magnet GE Signa Excite~(? HD_X, BOLD using the word association paradigm developed in Part I and DTT technique developed in PartII. Language activation maps and fiber tracts were superimposed upon high resolution T1 weighted anatomic images of the brain for displaying the relationship between tumor, language functional areas and white matter tracts.

材料和方法：使用GE 3.0 T Singa Excite~ HD_x超导磁共振成像系统，对6例左侧语言相关脑区肿瘤(Ⅲ-Ⅳ级胶质瘤1例，Ⅱ级胶质瘤3例，生殖细胞瘤1例，海绵状血管瘤1例)行BOLD-fMRI及扩散张量成像扫描，BOLD应用语义相关判断作为任务刺激，所有数据进行离线后处理，应用AFNI软件处理BOLD图像，观察语言功能皮层的激活；DTT采用日本东京大学的Volume-one1.56和diffusion TENSOR Visualizer 1.5进行纤维束成像处理。

Staining extent and intensity were evaluated semiquantitatively and mean values for each parameter were calculated. Immunostaining with D2-40 showed positivity in 100% of skeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas, 96% of enchondromas, 95% of low-grade chondrosarcomas, 80% of chordoid meningiomas, and 75% of chordoid gliomas. Staining with S100 demonstrated diffuse, strong positivity in all (100%) chordoid gliomas, skeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas, low-grade chondrosarcomas, and enchondromas, 94% of chordomas, and 81% of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas, with focal, moderate staining in 40% of chordoid meningiomas.

我们半定量地评估了这些免疫染色的广度和强度，并且计算了它们各自的平均值。D2-40阳性表达于100%例骨的黏液样软骨肉瘤、96%例内生性软骨瘤、95%例低级别软骨肉瘤、80%例脊索样脑膜瘤和75%例脊索样胶质瘤。S100染色弥漫且强烈地表达于所有的（100%）脊索样胶质瘤、骨的黏液样软骨肉瘤、低级别软骨肉瘤和内生性软骨瘤，94%例脊索瘤，81%例骨外黏液样软骨肉瘤，还有，局灶性、中度表达于40%例黏液样脑膜瘤。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。