胶状岩

After superimposition of magmatic mineralization, chert-bearing water-rich carbonates, such as dolomite, ankerite and/or calcite were turned into serpentitite-talcite; greite and pyrite into pyrrhotite.

经过岩浆叠加改造，底部的纹层状含燧石富水高镁碳酸盐岩变为蛇纹石岩；胶黄铁矿、黄铁矿大部分变为磁黄铁矿。

It shows that the reservoir rock consists of fine arkose and litharenite lithic feldspar, whose elastic granule appears subangular, compositional maturity is low and textural maturity is medium; the clastic rocks had experienced a series of complex diagenesis as compaction, cementation, pressure solution and dissolution; and the sandstones are of low porosity and low permeability.

结果表明，该储集岩为细粒的长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩，颗粒呈次棱角状，成分成熟度普遍较低，结构成熟度中等－较好；经历了压实、胶结、压溶和溶解等一系列成岩作用；储集岩具有低孔、低渗的特点。

Dawsonite in the shapes of foliated columnar, cluster, radial, chrysanthemum or random hair mainly filled in the intergranular pores as cements and a few replaced grains such as feldspar and quartz.

其中，片钠铝石呈板柱状、束状、放射状、菊花状、杂乱毛发状集合体，主要作为胶结物产于碎屑岩碎屑颗粒间的孔隙中，少量交代长石、石英等碎屑。

In addition, 3 outcrops in the Chiahsien area were involved into this study, which including Ssutehsiang, Paiyunhsiangku, and Niupu. Purposes of this fieldwork have two folds. One is to compare the specific occurrences of carbonate-cemented mudstones in TKS, HKS, PPS, FS, and those in the Chiahsien area. The other is to recheck Hayasaka's descriptions (1932) about the unique occurrences of fossil lucinids bivalves and fossiliferous marls of Chiahsien and the southeastern Shoushan.

此外，选定甲仙地区四德巷、白云仙谷以及牛埔等三个剖面，以做为与在大岗山、小岗山、半屏山以及凤山等地基底泥岩中所见特殊碳酸盐胶结泥岩产状的比较，同时也藉此验证Hayasaka（1932）关於甲仙四德巷与寿山东南侧矿场泥岩顶部地层中，所含泥灰岩与大量巨带蛤化石的记载。

A schematic model was proposed to illustrate the occurrences of various lithologies and lithofacies associations. The erosional surfaces on siliciclastic mudstones, funnel-shaped structure, and the exhuming of massive cold-seep carbonates exposed might have been occurred concurrently during a tectonic unstable time in SW Taiwan. The deposition of fossiliferous mudstone interfingered with the conglomerate lithofacies, and represented the rapid facies transition from siliciclastic (non-carbonate) into carbonate environment.

综合岩相观察结果，建构一个符合台湾西南部更新世珊瑚礁与基底泥岩接触关系的沉积相模式；其中，基底泥岩顶部的不规则冲蚀面、充填碳酸盐胶结泥岩砾与碳酸岩烟柱的漏斗状沉积，以及块状冷泉碳酸盐岩的出露，可能均为区域地质构造活动时期所造成；至於与含化石泥岩同时沉积的砾岩相，可能均为基底泥岩在快速浅化的过程中所沉积，标志古环境由矽质碎屑快速转变为碳酸盐环境的过程。

In this deposit, ore bodies exist in the stratoid form and are c ontrolled by thrust faults. The host rocks are limestone in Bolila Formation of Late Triassic Jiezha Group and in Gadikao Formation of Early-Middle Permian Kaix i nling Group, with strong dolomitization and weak silicification. Minerals are ra ther simple and consist of sphalerite, galena, pyrite, calcite, dolomite and barite. The important ore textures are colloforms such as framboid and crust and xenom orphic grains, and the ore structures are in disseminated, brecciated, veinlike and lumpy forms.

东莫扎抓铅锌矿床矿体呈似层状展布，产状严格受到矿区逆冲断层的控制，赋矿围岩为上三叠统结扎群波里拉组灰岩和下-中二叠统开心岭群尕迪考组灰岩，发育强白云石化和弱硅化，矿物组合简单，主要为闪锌矿+方铅矿+黄铁矿+白云石+方解石+重晶石，矿石结构以皮壳状、草莓状等胶状结构和他形粒状结构为主，矿石构造为浸染状、角砾状、团块状和脉状。

The coarse clastic rock of the braided channel of the fan-delta plain is formed when sedimentary water body is in the salinity stage of active tectonic period, the cotemporaneous cementation is intense and the cementation of the carbonate and sulphate has intense packing action in eogenetic stage of shallow buried.

构造相对活跃期为沉积水体咸化期，主要发育扇三角洲平原亚相的辫状河道粗碎屑岩，同生期胶结作用强，而浅埋藏早成岩阶段碳酸盐和硫酸盐胶结物充填强烈，致使物性进一步变差，并且不利于晚成岩A阶段的溶蚀作用进行。

Through the methods of polarizing microscope and cathodoluminescence, the diagenesis of Late Carboniferous phylloid algal reefs in southern Guizhou is studied, which indicates diagenesis are mainly of bio-binding and baffling actions, micritization, cementation, compaction-pressure solution, fracture, recrystallization and dissolution in type.

东北大学资源与土木工程学院，沈阳110004通过偏光显微镜研究和阴极发光技术，对黔南晚石炭世叶状藻礁灰岩的成岩作用做了详细研究，认为礁灰岩主要成岩作用类型有：生物黏结障积作用、泥晶化作用、胶结作用、压实压溶作用、破裂作用、重结晶作用和溶解作用等。

By studying reservoir rock characteristics, diagenesis and physical property, investigation showed that there were distributary channel, branch channel, mouth bar, distal bar, sand sheet, lakeshore, shallow lake and limestone flat . we concluded that the reservoir of N1～N21 is low porosity and permeability reservoir with the types of primary porosity and secondary intergranular porosity, which is in the early diagenetic stage B into the late diagenetic stage A subperiod. The role of effecting reservoir physical property is deposition, cementation, dissolution and tectonic rupture. After researching of reservoir, we divided it into three categories and division the favorable facies belt and relatively favorable. We think that the favorable facies belt is braided river delta front and partly shallow lake in east of the Fault Ⅶ. favorable reservoir is in the first and the second class.

进一步研究了本区碎屑岩储层的岩石学特征、成岩作用特征、物性特征，研究认为该区储集体类型有分流河道砂体、分支河道砂体、河口坝、远砂坝、席状砂砂体、滨湖砂滩、浅湖砂坝砂体及灰坪；N1层属于低孔、特低渗储层，孔隙类型以原生、次生粒间溶孔为主；分析了影响储层物性的因素主要为沉积作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用和构造破裂作用；进行了储层评价与有利相带预测，将储层分为三类并划分了有利区带、较有利区带，认为Ⅶ号断层以东的辫状河三角洲前缘亚相和部分浅湖亚相是N1的有利储集相带，储层以Ⅰ、Ⅱ类为主。

Engineering geological structure classification is divided into macro-, fine-, and microstructure. Macro-structures include alluvium predominated structure, multiple-binary-rhythm structure, thick boulder and gravel structure, saccate buried valley structure and tremendous composite structure, fine structures homogeneous structure, stuffed structure, porphyro-structure, and space frame structure, microstructures cemented, semi-cemented and loose texture.

利用第四纪构造与气候环境演变控制论的观点，在成因分类的基础上，对覆盖层进行了结构工程分类，按沉积相的不同组合特点分为冲积为主的结构、多重二元韵律结构、厚层漂卵石层结构、囊状槽谷结构、巨厚复合加积结构等五种类型；按颗粒组成和结合状态，分为均匀型、充填接触型、斑状型和架空型四种细观结构；按胶结成岩状态分为胶结、半胶结和松散三种微观结构。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。