胶态的

Comparing with water, the optimal heat transfer enhancement is achieved near the critical micelle concentrations of surfactants. The degree of heat transfer enhancement is different with different surfactants and is influenced by solubility characteristic, ionic nature and chemical structure of surfactants. Boiling in surfactant solutions, when compared with that in water, is observed to be more vigorous with smaller-sized, more regularly shaped and faster departure frequency bubbles, but the surfactant solutions of Triton X-100 and Triton X-114 become cloudy for the cloud point of surfactants.

和水相比，表面活性剂强化池内核态沸腾换热的最佳浓度为临界胶束浓度；不同种类表面活性剂强化换热程度不同，它们与表面活性剂的溶解特性、离子类型和化学结构有关；溶液沸腾时，沸腾汽泡的脱离直径变小，脱离频率变快和更不易聚集，但非离子表面活性Triton X-100和Triton X-114由于存在浊点其沸腾溶液变浑浊。

The experimental study of this process can give valuable insight in the co/or octet heavy quarkonium production mechanism.

对此过程的实验测量会进一步检验重夸克偶素的色八重态产生机制与Pomemn中的胶子分布函数。

Twenty-three isolates of gray leaf spot pathogen, Cercospora zeae-maydis, collected from growing area of Northern China were clustered based on their soluble protein and isozyme profiles obtained through native PAGE in order to base physiologically the pathogen differentiation at protein or isozyme level.

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，对采自北方玉米主产区的23个玉米灰斑病菌菌株进行可溶性蛋白质和同工酶电泳图谱分析及聚类分析，从蛋白质和酶学的多态性水平上分析玉米灰斑病菌的生理分化特征。

To investigate the effect of surfactant self-assembling properties on the template synthesis of porous inorganic materials, the critical micelle concentration of surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide was measured in both water and aqueous ethanol solvent using steady-state fluorescence techniques.

为了研究乙醇－水混合溶液中表面活性剂的自组装特性对多孔无机材料模板法合成的作用，采用稳态荧光法测定了乙醇－水混合溶剂的组成变化对十六烷基三甲基溴化铵临界胶束浓度的影响。

The CIDEP spectra of the transient radicals in the photolysis of duroquinone/ethylene glycol system in acid, basic and micellar environment were measured with the homemade highly time-resolved ESR spectrometer.

用自制的高时间分辨电子自旋共振波谱仪，测量得到了酸性、碱性和胶束环境下的光解杜醌／乙二醇溶液瞬态自由基的化学诱导动态电子自旋极化谱。

Morphological traits and living habit of Tibetan chicken, which is an aboriginal chicken breed on plateau with its own characteristic populational genetic features, are in great common with the Red Jungle Fowl, the assumed ancestry of domestic chicken.

为了有效保护并合理利用这一遗传资源，我们采用多重PCR与半自动荧光标记微卫星聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳相结合的方法检测了20个微卫星基因座的多态性，并随机抽取藏鸡群体中部分个体进行个体体形特征与生产性能的统计。

The femtosecond irradiation spectra was used to measure the radiation kinetics process. Fitted by the two exponent model, two time peaks were obtained, corresponding to the interband radiation and the surface defect radiation respectively. This results also strongly suggests that there are two relaxation pathways in the nanocomposite.

利用飞秒发射光谱观测凝胶玻璃中ZnSe纳米粒子发光动力学过程，采用双指数模型进行拟合，得到了两个时间组分：11.2ps和550ps，分别对应纳米品的带间发光和表面缺陷态发光，进一步证实了半导体纳米晶材料受激辐射的两种发光途径的存在。

PART ONE CONSTRUCTION OF VECTOR CARRYING HUMAN INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-1 GENE AND THE GENE EXPRESSION IN EUCARYOTE Insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) is one of the most important regulate factors which can stimulate cartilage cell to differentiate and synthesis collagen typeⅡand proteoglycan to maintain cartilage phaenotype.

第一部分：携带hIGF-1基因重组载体的构建及在真核细胞的表达胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)是在软骨发育和软骨自稳态调节中最重要的生长因子之一，能刺激软骨细胞分裂增殖，并促进软骨细胞合成Ⅱ型胶原和蛋白聚糖，维持软骨细胞的表型等。

Based on the introduction of the theory of the polymer solutions, the mechanisms of DNA separation by the capillary electrophoresis in non-gel sieving matrices are reviewed in this paper, which includes Ogston sieving model, various modified reptation models, transient entanglement coupling mechanisms and its improved mechanisms.

本文在介绍高分子溶液理论的基础上，综述了DNA在毛细管电泳无胶筛分介质中的分离机理，主要包括Ogston筛分模型、各种修正的爬行模型、瞬态缠结偶合机理及其改进机理等。

High transverse momentum partons which come from hard scattering will propagate in the strong interaction medium and interact with matter. These partons are expected to lose their energy in the medium by gluon bremsstrahlung, which is called Jet Quenching.In BNL/RHIC Runl (S_~(1/2)= 130GeV and Run2 (S_(NN~(1/2)= 200GeV, comparing the yield of leading particle in nucleus-nucleus collisions with nucleon-nucleon collision finds that charged and neutral pions are suppressed.

在相对论重离子碰撞中，末态高横动量强子产额的压低被认为是夸克胶子等粒子体已经生成的一个重要信号，在高能核-核碰撞过程中，硬散射发生在碰撞过程的初期，由硬散射过程形成的大横动量部分子将穿越强相互作用物质，这些硬部分子与热密物质发生强相互作用，经过韧致辐射而损失能量，我们把这种现象称为喷注淬火。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。