胶化

Low molecular weight mannuronic acid, guluronic acid and κ carrageenan were prepared from algin and carrageenan by the acid hydrolysis method, and their weight average molecular weights and the distribution widths of molecular weight were determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography respectively.

本文以褐藻胶和κ-卡拉胶为原料通过酸水解分别获得了低聚的甘露糖醛酸、古罗糖醛酸和低聚κ-卡拉胶，并采用 HPGPC法测定了这 3种低聚糖的重均分子量。在此基础上再经硫酸酯化和成盐修饰制备了各自的硫酸酯碱式铝盐。

Transmission Electron Microscope and other properties testing results show that the complex emulsifier system is the crucial influence factor of the polymerization process and the properties of products. It may influence the coagulum content and reaction rate of the polymerization process, the performance, particle diameter,viscosity, electrolyte stability and storage stability of the emulsion products and the contact angle of the film.The initiator mainly influences the coagulum content and reaction rate.The acrylic monomers mainly influence the solid content, Minimum Film Formation Temperature of the emulsion and the Glass Transition Temperature of the film.The organic silicone monomer mainly influences the water absorption of the film.The reaction temperature mainly influences the reaction rate and conversion.The stirring intensity mainly influences the coagulum content of the polymerization process.

透射电镜等性能测试结果显示：复合乳化剂体系是硅丙共聚乳液的聚合过程及产品性能的主要影响因素，它可以对聚合过程的凝胶率、反应速率以及乳液的外观、粒径、粘度、耐电解质稳定性及贮存稳定性，还有乳液涂膜的接触角等造成不同程度的影响；引发剂主要影响反应速率和凝胶率；丙烯酸酯单体主要影响到乳液的固含量、最低成膜温度以及涂膜的玻璃化转变温度，有机硅单体主要影响涂膜的吸水率等；聚合反应温度主要影响乳液的反应速率和转化率等；搅拌强度主要是影响到聚合过程的凝胶率。

It was studied in this thesis the preparation of Artemisia glue, under the condition of alkali, chloroacetic acid was used as etherification agent and the properties, structures and application in quick-frozen dumpling were researched too.

本论文主要研究了以沙蒿胶为原料，氯乙酸为醚化剂，在碱性条件下合成羧甲基沙蒿胶的工艺，并研究了羧甲基沙蒿胶的性质、结构及其在速冻水饺中的应用。

Methods The cells were divided into 5 treatment groups（10,25,50,75 and 100 μmol·L-1 QUE）, blank control and menstruum control group. The rat C6 cells were cultivated to 1×106·mL-1 in the RPMI 1640 medium, then added into 96 holes board with various doses of QUE by 3 holes per group,and MTT assay was used to observe the proliferation of the cells treated for 24,48 and 72 h. The change of cell cycle was also observed by flow cytometry after the cells were treated with 50 and 100 μmol·L-1 QUE for 48 h. The changes of the protein P53 and Bcl-2 of C6 cells treated with 50 μmol·L-1 QUE for 48 h were detected by immunocytochemical methods.

按QUE浓度分成10、25、50、75及100 μmol·L-15个处理组和空白对照组及溶剂对照组，大鼠脑胶质瘤C6细胞在RPMI 1640培养基中生长达1×106·mL-1后，在96孔板中分别加入上述浓度的QUE继续培养，每组设3复孔，作用24、48及72 h，采用MTT比色法检测QUE对大鼠脑胶质瘤C6细胞的增殖抑制情况，流式细胞术对50及100 μmol·L-1的QUE作用48 h的大鼠脑胶质瘤C6细胞进行周期分析，免疫组化法检测50 μmol·L-1的QUE作用48 h 的p53和bcl-2基因产物。

The TiO2 synthesized by normal and reverse micelles as templated were applied for phot ocatalytic of Rhodamine B and organic toxic small molecule 2.4-dichlorophenol under ultraviolet irradiation. Oxidation species and photodegradation products in the photoreaction process were detected for studying their photocatalyst properties. The results showed that: the R-TiO2 had a better photocatalysis property under UV irradiation when photodegradation of RhB and DCP compared to the N-TiO2. After 160min, the mineralized rate of RhB can be 95%. And the oxidative species was mainly referred to OH radical.

利用正相和反相胶束介质模板制备的纳米TiO2为光催化剂，在紫外光照射下，对染料罗丹明B和有机有毒无色小分子2，4-二氯苯酚进行光催化降解，研究了其光催化性能，并对光催化过程中氧化物种及降解产物进行了跟踪测定，结果表明，反相胶束模板体系制备的纳米TiO2与正相胶束介质制备的纳米TiO2比较，在紫外照射下对RhB及DCP的降解有较好的光催化性能，对RhB在160min尤催化矿化率可达95%，光催化反应主要的氧化物种涉及在基自由基。

FN and LN (the non-collagenous index) out of ECM were measured by immuno-histochemistry mean, and the accumulation of ECM was measured by typeⅠand Ⅲ collagen ,α-SMA was chosen as a symbol of the activated reposit fat cell. TGF-β〓 was chosen as a symbol of the cellular factor made the reposit fat cell activated. We observed the mechanism of 286 through the variety of the upper indexes during the experiment.

用免疫组化方法测评肝细胞外基质中的非胶原指标FN、LN，胶原指标Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原等在实验过程中的变化作为判定ECM沉积增多的事实指标；用a-平滑肌肌动蛋白作为贮脂细胞被激活的标志物指标；用转化生长因子-β〓作为激活贮脂细胞的细胞因子指标；通过观测上述指标在实验中的变化，来探讨"268方"的作用机理。

FN and LN(the non-collagenous index) out of ECM were measured by immuno-histochemistry mean, and the accumulation of ECM was measured by type I amd III coHagen, a -SMA was chosen as a symbol ef .the activated reposit fat cell.TGF- P1 was chosen as a symbol of th ieccellular factor made the reposit fat cell activated.We observed the mi sclnanism of 286 through the variety of the upper indexes during the experiment.

用免疫组化方法测评肝细胞外基质中的非胶原指标FN、LN，胶原指标Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原等在实验过程中的变化作为判定ECM沉积增多的事实指标；用a-平滑肌肌动蛋白作为贮脂细胞被激活的标志物指标；用转化生长因子-β_1(TGF-β_1)作为激活贮脂细胞的细胞因子指标；通过观测上述指标在实验中的变化，来探讨"268方"的作用机理。

METHODS: The level of intracellular calcium of human microglia grown on coverslip,which was loaded by calcium-probe,Fluo-4,and then treated in various experimental processing,was detected by confocal microscopy with time resolution mode.The binding of gp120 to human microglia was determined with confocal microscopy or flow cytometry after treatment with gp120 and stained with anti-gp120-FITC antibody.Phosphorylation of ERK within human microglia with or without gp120 stimulation was analyzed with confocal microscopy following the direct immuno-staining with anti-phosphorylated ERK antibody.

用钙离子探针Fluo-4标记粘附在盖玻片上的人小胶质细胞，运用共聚焦显微镜以荧光强度为指标实时观察各种条件下的细胞内钙离子水平的变化；用gp120处理并用anti-gp120-FITC进行染色，运用共聚焦显微镜术和流式细胞术分析人小胶质细胞与gp120结合情况；用抗磷酸化ERK 抗体免疫荧光方法进行染色，运用共聚焦显微镜术和流式细胞术进行ERK磷酸化水平分析。

Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the glass transition temperatures of PUDs cast film were between -40--35℃ and increased with the increase of NCO/OH.

动态力学分析表明试样胶膜的玻璃化转变温度在-40~-35℃，NCO/OH的增大使PUD胶膜的玻璃化转变温度升高。

31DH suspend in the dry red wine and ferment,the density of the dry immobilized 31DH was changed by various materials.

通过选用不同的材料调节干固菌胶粒的比重，使固定化酒类酒球菌31DH悬浮于干红葡萄酒中进行苹果酸—乳酸发酵，并测定这些材料对固定化胶粒相对扩散系数的影响。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷