胶凝化作用

It was found that the solvent type affected the gel point, the different amount of water addition could alter the structure of condensation polymer, the varying of ageing time influenced the growth of grains and the calcination temperature had great effect on phase structure and grain size.

发现不同的溶剂类型能够改变胶凝时间，加水量的多少会影响醇盐水解缩聚物的结构，陈化时间的长短直接改变晶粒的生长状态，煅烧温度的变化对粉体的相结构和晶粒大小有重要的作用。

The role of the reclaimed rubber: smoke sticky pine tar containing other renewable agent, during which small molecules can penetrate into uniform knot so that sulfur containing rubber between macromolecules to swelling, reticular structure of relaxation, an increase of molecular the distance between chain and oxygen penetration, the other can also serve as free radical acceptor, has inhibited the role of gelation, but also contribute to activating agent to the rubber matrix to speed up the regeneration process of proliferation and can enhance regeneration and plasticity of sticky glue and less polluting, process performance.

对再生胶的作用：粘稠的松焦油吸含其他的再生剂，其间的小分子能均匀渗透到含有结使硫的橡胶的大分子中间，使其溶胀，网状结构松驰，增加了分子链间的距离及氧的渗透，另外还可作为游离基的接受体，有抑制凝胶化的作用，还有助于活化剂向橡胶基质扩散加快再生过程，并能提高再生胶的粘性和可塑性，且污染较小，工艺性能好。

The study on the hardening mechanism of the soft soil with the materials shows that the hardening procedure can be divided into three stages:(1). Hydrating and dissolving stage, when material A and material B of the high-water-content and quick-setting materials respectively dissolve and balance in water.(2). Gel and consolidating stage, when the materials hydrate into calcium crystal and the ion exchange and aggregation of soil particles occur in an alkaline environment.(3). the structure developing stage, when the calcium crystals connect each other, absorb and crystallize the water around; the hydrate remnants, calcium hydroxide, carbonate continuously in water and in the air.

本文对高水速凝材料-软土硬化机理的研究表明，高水速凝材料-软土的硬化过程可分为三个阶段：①水化溶解阶段：主要为高水速凝材料的甲、乙料分别与水的溶解、维持平衡阶段；②胶凝固化阶段：主要为高水速凝材料的水化反应生成钙矾石晶体以及土颗粒在碱性环境中发生离子交换和团粒化作用；③强度增长阶段：钙矾石晶体相互连接，大量吸收周围环境中的水分，并将水分变成自己的结晶水；水化残余物氢氧化钙在水中和空气中发生碳酸化作用。

Producted RF and CRF aerogels by process of sol-gel technics, dynamic-exchange, CO2 supercritical drying, and procedural increase in temperature carbonization methods, which have eximious capability and nanometer network structure; Systemic analysis various factors which effect gel course, such as ratio of reactants and the dosage of catalyst, and probed into the better experiments conditions(the concentration of resorcinol and formaldehyde is more than 2% and the value of R/C is between 50 and 300); During gel course , primary investigated the viscosity curve and particle size distribution of sol-solution, and analyzed the reason of catalyst dosage effects particle size of gel, and confirmed that the up-growth of gel follows the theory of " polymerize increase ".The experiment results indicated that ultrasonic with unvarying temperature disposal shortened gel time and optimized quality of gels, and the factors of ultrasonic effect gel reaction velocity were analyzed; Prepared organic aerogels using compounds of resorcin and hydroquinone substitute resorcinol reacts with formaldehyde the first time, and also optimized the proportion of resorcinol and hydroquinone (the proportion of hydroquinone in 10%～40%).

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺结合动态溶剂交换、CO2超临界流体干燥与程序升温碳化方法制备出性能优良、具有纳米网络结构的RF与CRF气凝胶；深入研究了反应物配比催化剂用量等条件对凝胶过程的影响，得到了较佳的RF凝胶制备条件(RF浓度应大于2%，R/C值取50～300)；初步研究了凝胶过程中的粘度、粒径变化情况，分析了催化剂用量影响凝胶中粒子尺度的原因，在实验上印证了凝胶生长遵循"聚增长"的理论；通过引入超声波改进了RF气凝胶的制备工艺，缩短了凝胶反应时间，提高了凝胶品质，并探讨了超声波促进RF凝胶反应作用的原因；首次用对苯二酚与间苯二酚复配制备了混合有机气凝胶，优化出复配比(对苯二酚含量为10%～40%)。2。

Because of a high groundwater level and a strong erosion action, the coal formed in a low peat swamp is great in gelatification index and in groundwa ter index, which are in a negative correlation to the ratio of clean coal recove ry. While for the high peat swamp, IG and IGW are small, corresponding to a high ratio of clean coal recovery.

低位泥炭沼泽由于潜水位较高，水流对泥炭沼泽表面的改造和冲刷作用较强，形成的煤层具有较高的凝胶化指数和地下水流动指数，并且与精煤产率呈负相关，煤中粘土矿物和黄铁矿难以洗选；高位泥炭沼泽形成的煤层具有较低的凝胶化指数和地下水流动指数，泥炭积累速度较快，其精煤的产率较高。

The amphiphiles, 4-8, can not form reverse bilayers in organic solvent, which result in that the molecular interactions unable to meet the need for hydrophile-lypophile balance, so that they crystallize and exhibit no gelling abilities. The mono-chained L-alanine derivatives, 1-3, can self-assemble into bilayer aggregates, through intermolecular hydrogen bonding and homochiral effect in a number of organic liquids, which are juxtaposed and interlocked by van der Waals interaction, and finally gelate the organic liquids.

单链酰基化L-丙胺酸两亲物1-3在一些低极性的有机溶剂可以通过分子间氢键相互作用及同手性聚集作用形成有序的反双分子膜结构，这些有序反双分子膜结构单元依靠vander Waals力相互作用可以平行排列且相互之间进行连结形成长纤维状的聚集体，纤维状聚集体在有机介质中可以进一步相互连结形成三维网状结构，进而胶凝有机溶剂。

As a novel class of self-assembled materials, Organogel s have receivedconsiderable attention in recent years because they can organize into regularnanoarchitectures through specific noncovalent interactions including hydrogen bonds,hydrophobic interactions,π-πinteractions and Van der Waals forces.

作为一类新型的自组装材料，有机小分子凝胶通过分子间氢键作用、π-π相互作用、范德华力等可以形成有序的三维网络结构，从而使适当的有机溶剂凝胶化。

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose which possesses weak polarity groups, like polyhydroxy groups and ether groups, will transform to hydrogel when temperature increases.

纤维素衍生物羟丙基甲基纤维素分子中含有大量的羟基和醚键，其水溶液在升温情况下可以发生凝胶转变，是一种新型的有机模板，本文对其作用下特别是凝胶状态下的矿化进行了探讨。

To study the modulating effect of polysaccharide and protein secreted by Sphaerotilus upon the mineralization behaviors of Fe3 gel, the authors investigated the nucleation and crystallization processes of Fe3 gel inside and around the Sphaerotilus cells which were growing in the mineralization systems with urea and Stoke substrate.

本文通过观察在尿素和Stoke培养基中生长的球衣菌细胞壁内及其周围氢氧化铁凝胶的矿化过程，研究球衣菌分泌的多糖和蛋白质对氢氧化铁凝胶矿化结晶行为的调控作用。

The microstructures of the new developed carbon aerogels was investigated by means of low-temperature N_2 adsorption, TEM, XRD, XPS and etc. We studied the influence of synthesis conditions on the aerogels structure, such as reactant mass percent, catalyst concentration, carbonization process and supersonic.

采用低温N_2吸附、TEM、XRD和XPS等手段研究了碳气凝胶的微观结构特点，考察了反应物质量分数、催化剂浓度、碳化过程对气凝胶孔结构的影响，同时还研究了超声作用对气凝胶微观结构的影响。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。