胰岛素

Short-time exposure with AIR Inhaled Insulin was well tolerated by COPD subjects, showing similar time-exposure and time-action profiles, but with reduced insulin absorption and metabolic effect compared with healthy subjects.

慢性阻塞性肺病患者对AIR 吸入胰岛素的短时间给药耐受良好，表现出相似的给药时间和起效时间，但与健康受试者相比，胰岛素的吸收和代谢效应降低。

Results: Compared with I/R+insulin group and I/R+pioglitazone group. the ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes suffering ischemia reperfusion injury recovered markedly, the fluorescence intensity of the intracellular calcium ion decreased, the survival rate of cardiomyocytes increased, LDH, CK, MDA concentration in culture medium decreased and SOD concentration in culture medium increased in I/R+insulin+pioglitazone group.

结果：吡格列酮与胰岛素联合应用可提高缺血再灌注损伤心肌细胞的存活率，降低细胞培养液中的LDH、CK和MDA含量，提高SOD的含量，降低心肌细胞钙离子染色的荧光强度，部分恢复心肌细胞的超微结构，与单独应用吡格列酮或胰岛素相比，具有统计学意义。

ATLANTA – Using a weight-based method for calculating insulin correction dosing resulted in superior blood glucose control compared with a traditional sliding-scale method in a pilot study of hyperglycemic inpatients at a 421-bed community hospital.

亚特兰大——在一家有421张病床的社区医院中，对高血糖住院病人进行的一项初步研究表明，与传统的可调量性胰岛素治疗方案相比，按体重来计算胰岛素校正剂量产生了更好的血糖控制效果。

Objective To investigate the symptoms of insulin resistance,fatty liver and the other complications in obesity children and observe the effect of comprehensive therapy.Methods The glucose tolerance test and insulin re-leasing test,the function of liver and renal were determined,the serum levels of lipid and leptin were detected,the ultra-sound of hearts,livers and gallbladder were examined in20obesity children.10of these cases were treated with sports,di-et and drugs.

目的 了解单纯性肥胖儿胰岛素抵抗、脂肪肝及其他并发症的发生情况，观察综合干预治疗对控制肥胖儿体重的效果方法对20例单纯性肥胖儿做糖耐量及胰岛素释放试验，检测血脂、血清瘦素、肝肾功能，做肝、胆、心脏超声，对其中10例患儿给予饮食、运动、药物等综合干预治疗。

Identification of Wolfram syndrome among juvenile-onset diabetics is important because of the distinctly different sources of morbidity and causes of mortality from those of classic insulin- dependent diabetics.

於幼年型胰岛素依赖型糖尿病病患中诊断出Wolfram氏症候群是相当重要的，因其病程并不同於一般胰岛素依赖型糖尿病，且会因并有退化性神经病变及尿道异常而有较高的死亡率，故医师应同时注意其合并症且予以适当处置。

Methods: Totally 45 obese patients were assigned into sibutramine-treated group (n=25) and placebo-treated group(n=20), and 16 normal weight subjects were taken as control group. Before and after 24-week treatment, body mass, waist circumferences, serum levels of interleukin-6, glucose and insulin were determined, and the body mass index and HOMA-IR were calculated.

45例单纯性肥胖患者分别接受西布曲明（25例）和安慰剂（20例）治疗24周，治疗前后测量患者的体质量、腰围、空腹血糖、胰岛素及IL-6的浓度，计算体质量指数和胰岛素抵抗指数，并与正常对照组（16例）进行比较。

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with shortacting insulin analogues or human regular insulin:efficacy,safety,quality of life,and costeffectiveness〔J〕.

中华老年医学杂志，2005；24(10)：798800.6 刘福平，徐保真，武晋晓，等。用胰岛素泵控制老年人2型糖尿病血糖水平的观察〔J〕。中华老年医学杂志，2001；20(5)：3346.7 李维辛，严祥。老年2型糖尿病和胰岛素泵〔J〕。

In the refeeding animals after infusion of sodium propionate, leptin and NPY were fluctuated.

饱食状态下，门静脉灌注丙酸钠后，三种静脉内瘦素和NPY水平均呈现先降后升的变化趋势，在不同的个体，变化范围变异较大，故无统计学上的差异；胰岛素在灌注后，迅速达到峰值，与灌注前相比，差异极显著，且门静脉内胰岛素水平为颈静脉内的2倍以上；皮质醇的水平也迅速升高，峰值出现在45min。

Sodium propionate and sodium pyruvate could promote liver gluconeogenesis by up-regulating the abundance of PEPCK-C mRNA in the hepatocytes, but the up-regulation was limited.

表明，丙酸钠、丙酮酸钠能通过上调体外培养的新生犊牛肝细胞PEPCK-C mRNA的表达而促进肝糖异生代谢，但上调作用是有限的；胰岛素能通过下调体外培养的新生犊牛肝细胞PEPCK-C mRNA的表达而抑制肝糖异生代谢，且下调作用呈剂量依赖性；胰高血糖素与胰岛素作用刚好相反；瘦蛋白未起直接的调节作用。

Approximately 60% of patients in each treatment group achieved HbA1c of 7% or lower; however, only 33% and 27% of glargine NPH-treated patients, respectively, were able to achieve that endpoint without experiencing any episode of documented nocturnal hypoglycaemia.

每组大约60%的病人HbA1c 能达到7%或者更低；但是，用甘精胰岛素和中效胰岛素治疗的病人却分别只有33%和27%能够在不发生夜间低血糖的情况下达到这个结果。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。